Sample content Policing Development and Operation Trends CJA 394 Policing Development and Operation Trends Paper Write a 1,450-1,750-word paper in which you conduct research and analyze the organizational management, administration, and operational aspects of policing within policing organizations. In your analysis, be sure to evaluate past, present, and future trends pertaining to the continuing development and operation of the field of policing and how these evolutions impact various policing organizations (local, state, federal). Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Policing Development and Operation Trends Over the centuries, policing have evolved in several important aspects, which includes how police have been organized and what they considered their core strategy for providing value to the communities they serve. This paper analyzes policing development and operation trends that have evolved since the establishment of the first local police department.

1. CJA 394 Week 2 Team Assignment Policing Development and Operation Trends Paper
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Sample content
Policing Development and Operation Trends
CJA 394

2. Policing Development and Operation Trends Paper
Write a 1,450-1,750-word paper in which you conduct research and analyze the
organizational management, administration, and operational aspects of policing
within policing organizations. In your analysis, be sure to evaluate past, present,
and future trends pertaining to the continuing development and operation of the
field of policing and how these evolutions impact various policing organizations
(local, state, federal).
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
Policing Development and Operation Trends
Over the centuries, policing have evolved in several important aspects, which
includes how police have been organized and what they considered their core
strategy for providing value to the communities they serve. This paper analyzes
policing development and operation trends that have evolved since the
establishment of the first local police department. These trends cover different
aspects of policing, such as organizational management, administration, and
operational aspects. Past, present, and future trends will be examined to determine
how they impact various policing organizations.
Policing in the US differ from other nations. In the US, the police have always been
an integral part of local governments; whereas in other nations, the local police are
part of a nationally administered force. Since they are formed at the local level, the
American police have been established at different times with different standards,
policies and procedures (Summerfield, 2006). Hence, the policing industry in the
US is highly diversified and decentralized, in addition to being locally controlled and
financed. The disadvantages of this system are obvious. It constrains the ability of
the federal government to introduce new innovations, or to promote standardized
and progressive police policies. Instead, local factors, such as crime,
demographics, politics, and courts are the catalysts that initiate changes in this
decentralized system. In addition, this fragmented system can create
communication problems, and can hinder the development of coordinated
responses to national threats. However, this system also offers unique
advantages. It avoids the risks of nationwide adoption of strategies that have little
utility for a given locale. It allows the police to focus their policing efforts on the
needs and problems of their specific jurisdictions (National Research Council,
2004).
Police organizations are quasi-military bureaucracies with a tall hierarchical
structure. This means there are many intermediate ranks between the top and
bottom; hence, there is a definite chain of command that must be observed. For the

3. most part, power resides with a few individuals. The term quasi-military apply since
military-style characteristics are being adapted, such as a rigid chain of command,
frequent use of commands and orders, strong enforcement of rules and
regulations, strict discipline, discouragement of individual creativity, and resistance
of the system to challenge. However, it must be noted that police organizations are
also bureaucracies that operate on procedures designed for efficiency, and to
minimize the application of individual decision-making and idea generation
(Summerfield, 2006).
In order to trace the development and evolutionary changes of policing operations
and trends, it is useful to divide policing into three different eras. These eras differ
from each other by a distinctive dominance of a particular strategy of policing. The
political era is distinguished by the close ties between police and politics; it started
from the introduction of police into municipalities in the 1840s, and ended during
the early 1900s. The reform era developed as a reaction to the political era when
reformers sought to separate policing from politics. It took hold during the 1930s,
flourished in the 1950s to 1960s, and began to ebb in the 1970s. The reform era
soon gave way to an era that emphasizes community involvement a
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