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This document provides information about woodworking and timber seasoning. It defines wood and timber, and describes the two main types of trees - softwood and hardwood. Softwood comes from coniferous trees and has characteristics like low density, light color and weight. Hardwood comes from deciduous trees and is darker, denser and stronger. The document explains that fresh timber contains 30-40% moisture which must be removed through seasoning. The main methods of seasoning are natural, kiln and chemical. Seasoned timber has advantages like reduced weight, strength, durability and resistance to decay.
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This document provides an overview of wood as a construction material, including its properties, types of wood, lumber production processes, engineered wood products, and fasteners. It discusses the qualities and composition of wood, softwoods and hardwoods, lumber grading and sizing, drying and surfacing methods, and common uses of wood in construction such as framing, sheathing, and trim. Engineered wood products like glulam, I-joists, and wood trusses are also summarized.
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The
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contours, landscape and other pertinent data in relation to the site.
It shows the following:
1. Property lines with dimensions
2. Setback lines
3. Existing and proposed contours
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5. Existing and proposed utilities
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7. Existing and proposed landscape features
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location of the building with property line, setbacks, approaches, grade
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It shows the following:
1. Property lines with dimensions
2. Setback lines
3. Existing and proposed contours
4. Existing and proposed structures
5. Existing and proposed utilities
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9. Scale
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India imports large quantities of wood and wood products due to depleted domestic forest resources and growing demand. The wood import market is growing at 10-15% annually. The majority of wood imports are logs, mainly teak, which are processed domestically. Key importers and ports of entry are mentioned. Import duties and regulations are also summarized.
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This document discusses defects and diseases that can occur in wood. It describes natural defects like knots, resin pockets, shakes and waney edges that form during tree growth. It also covers artificial defects such as cupping, bowing, twisting and end splitting caused by improper drying. Fungal diseases and insect pests that damage wood are also examined, along with conditions needed for decay. The life cycles of fungi and boring insects are detailed.
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http://www.youtube.com/c/beaCIVILEngineergovindsir_onlineclasses
TIMBER.ppt
The document discusses various types of wood defects that can occur in timber. Natural defects include knots, shakes, slope of grain, and wane, which develop from the tree's natural growth processes. Other defects from external factors include warping, checks, splits, stains from fungi, insect damage, and decay from wood-rotting fungi. Properly drying and preserving wood can help reduce these defects. The document provides details on various wood classification systems based on density, durability, and strength.
Timber and Timber Flooring
This presentation will take you into a detailed tour on timber, it's processing and seasoning, also defects and preservation. Other than that, it also has information on timber flooring , though not too much detailed but enough for some basic knowledge. The video won't work i the slide as it's a hyperlink in my computer itself. Same will be the case with the button of 'More Pictures'.
NATURAL WOOD.
1. Wood is a natural material composed mainly of cellulose that is used widely in building, tools, vehicles, and decorative objects. It is composed of fibers that transport water and provide mechanical strength.
2. There are various terms used to describe wood depending on its application, such as carpentry, timbering, joinery, and cabinetry. Knots will affect the properties of sawn wood.
3. The density, strength, and other properties of wood vary depending on factors like species, moisture content, and processing. Both hardwoods and softwoods have distinct characteristics and applications.
Timber- Building material
All you need to know about timber in just a single ppt with interesting slides. Hope it hlps! This ppt was created as the result of a teamwork with my classmates
construction materials for building material and construction technology
This document discusses various construction materials including timber, clay products, refractory materials, and their properties.
It describes the macro and micro structure of timber, including features like annual rings, heartwood, sapwood, and medullary rays. It also discusses the importance of seasoning timber to reduce moisture content. Methods of seasoning include natural air/water seasoning and artificial kiln/chemical seasoning.
Clay products and refractories are classified, with bricks, tiles and pipes as examples of clay products. Refractories must withstand high temperatures and resist chemical/mechanical damage. Examples given are acid, basic and neutral refractories.
The properties and uses of tiles, terracotta and porcelain are outlined
Vernacular Material- Wood
This document discusses vernacular architecture and timber. It begins by defining vernacular architecture as informal, functional structures built of local materials to meet local needs. It then discusses different types of timber, including hardwoods and softwoods. It describes the seasoning process for timber to reduce moisture content. Methods of seasoning include natural air drying and artificial kiln drying. The document concludes by listing various timber species available in India and their uses, and discussing how timber is used in construction for elements like roofs, walls, floors, and frames.
Timber
Timber is wood suitable for construction purposes due to properties like strength and workability. It is used widely in construction for structures, furniture, and other wood products. Timber is processed through felling, seasoning to remove moisture, and conversion into desired shapes through sawing. Proper seasoning is important to prevent defects from warping or cracking. Various wood properties depend on whether it is softwood or hardwood. Timber can be preserved through treatments to increase its lifespan by protecting against fungi, insects and weathering.
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Civil tech presentation
- 1. CONSTRUCTION: WOODWORKING GRADE 10 CIVIL TECHNOLOGY BY MR S SIBANDE
- 2. LESSON OBJECTIVES • To define wood and timber. • To types of trees and timber (Softwood and Hardwood). • To explain the physical characteristics of softwood and hardwood. • To list the properties of wood. • To explain and define the term “seasoning of timber” • To state advantages of seasoning of timber. • To explain the methods and types of seasoning timber.
- 3. DEFINITIONS • WOOD-Is the organic matter obtained from trees • TIMBER-Timber denotes wood which is suitable for building or carpentry and for various engineering and other purposes.
- 4. TYPE OF TREES Trees are classified into two groups 1. Endogenous trees The trees which grow inwards in longitudinal fibrous mass 2. Exogenous trees The trees which grow in out wards across horizontal section of stem. These trees are only fit for engineering construction.
- 5. Exogenous trees fit for engineering construction( two types) Conifers or Evergreen They give soft wood and they have pointed leaves. Examples: Déodar, Pine, Chir, Kail,etc Deciduous or Broad leaf Trees These have hard wood and they have broad leaves. Examples: Teak, Sal, Shisham, etc
- 6. CHARACTERISTICS NO: Item Soft woods Hard woods 1 Annual Distinct Indistinct 2 Colour Light Dark 3 Density Low High 4 Fire resistance Poor More 5 Weight Light Heavy 6 Strength strong for direct pull & weak for equal resisting thrust strong for resisting tension, compression & shear
- 7. SESSONING OF TIMBER As fresh timber which is obtained from trees contains about 30 to 40 % sap or moisture. This moisture is very harmful for the life of a timber. Therefore, it is necessary to remove that moisture by applying some special methods. All those methods which are used for removing the moisture from timber are collectively termed as seasoning of timber.
- 8. ADVANTAGES OF SEASONED TIMBER 1. It has reduced weight. 2. It is strong and durable. 3. It has resistance to decay or rot. 4. It takes high polish. 5. It is easier to work. 6. Its life is more.
- 9. TYPES OF TIMBER SEASONING 1. Natural Seasoning 2. Artificial Seasoning a. Kiln Seasoning-special heating( 3 TO 12 DAYS) b. Chemical Seasoning-carbon dioxide, ammonium carbonate or urea( 30 TO 40 DAYS) c. Electric Seasoning-electric current is passed through the timber logs( 5 TO 8 HOURS) 3. Water Seasoning
- 10. METHODS 1. Natural Seasoning-timber is dried by direct action of air, wind and sun. months or a year. 2. Water Seasoning-timber logs are kept immersed whole in the flowing water to wash away the sap present in timber, then taken out of water and exposed to air. 2 to 4 weeks.