The Civil Infrastructure Platform (CIP) is creating a super long-term supported (SLTS) open source "base layer" for industrial grade software. We have been working on security fixes and some backported features since the moment we decided that Linux kernel v4.4 would be the first SLTS version. In this talk, we will describe the current development
status of the SLTS kernel and testing environment. First, we'll explain our kernel development policy. Then, we'll describe the functionality that has been backported. Second, we'll talk about testing before using our base-layer on real products. We have been developing a test framework to collect and share test results. To build it, we don't want to duplicate existing work such as KernelCI, Fuego and others. For that reason, we are trying to collaborate and contribute to such projects.
Take a step forward from user to maintainer or developer in open source secur...SZ Lin
There are a variety of high-quality open source security-related tools available in penetration testing tools, forensics tools, hardening tools, fuzz tools, and network monitoring tools. These tools could be used freely; however, we might face some issues while using it. Therefore, it is essential to have the ability to maintain or develop these tools. In this slide, SZ Lin introduces Security Tools Packaging Team in Debian; this team aims to maintain collaboratively many security tools and merge back tools packaged by security-oriented Debian derivatives (e.g., Kali). Also, SZ shares the experience in discussing and collaborating with open source maintainers and developers in open source security-related tools.
Take a step forward from user to maintainer or developer in open source secur...SZ Lin
There are a variety of high-quality open source security-related tools available in penetration testing tools, forensics tools, hardening tools, fuzz tools, and network monitoring tools. These tools could be used freely; however, we might face some issues while using it. Therefore, it is essential to have the ability to maintain or develop these tools. In this slide, SZ Lin introduces Security Tools Packaging Team in Debian; this team aims to maintain collaboratively many security tools and merge back tools packaged by security-oriented Debian derivatives (e.g., Kali). Also, SZ shares the experience in discussing and collaborating with open source maintainers and developers in open source security-related tools.
HKG18-315 - Why the ecosystem is a wonderful thing, warts and allLinaro
"Session ID: HKG18-315
Session Name: HKG18-315 - Why the ecosystem is a wonderful thing warts and all
Speaker: Andrew Wafaa
Track: Ecosystem Day
★ Session Summary ★
The Arm ecosystem is a vibrant place, but it's not always smooth sailing. This presentation will go through the highs and lows of getting the ecosystem fully Arm enabled.
---------------------------------------------------
★ Resources ★
Event Page: http://connect.linaro.org/resource/hkg18/hkg18-315/
Presentation: http://connect.linaro.org.s3.amazonaws.com/hkg18/presentations/hkg18-315.pdf
Video: http://connect.linaro.org.s3.amazonaws.com/hkg18/videos/hkg18-315.mp4
---------------------------------------------------
★ Event Details ★
Linaro Connect Hong Kong 2018 (HKG18)
19-23 March 2018
Regal Airport Hotel Hong Kong
---------------------------------------------------
Keyword: Ecosystem Day
'http://www.linaro.org'
'http://connect.linaro.org'
---------------------------------------------------
Follow us on Social Media
https://www.facebook.com/LinaroOrg
https://www.youtube.com/user/linaroorg?sub_confirmation=1
https://www.linkedin.com/company/1026961"
Embedded Recipes 2017 - An easy-to-install real world embedded Linux distribu...Anne Nicolas
Atom Linux is an open source project still in early starting phase. Its purpose is to give the user a way to easily create a robust and secure embedded Linux system. The user downloads a bootstrap image, then configures the utilities (servers…) and libraries needed by its custom code. Except its own code, he doesn’t need to do any compilation, the system automatically downloads prebuilt packages from the Atom Linux server. The Atom Linux system is built with robustness and security in mind. Among other features, it provides secured multi-partitioned update system and power supply fault tolerance.
Christophe BLAESS, Logilin
Debug, Analyze and Optimize Games with Intel Tools - Matteo Valoriani - Codem...Codemotion
Use the full potential of your favorite platform while improving a videogame's frame rate and performance with GPA (Graphic Performance Analyzer), a free tool powered by Intel. Featuring a convenient panel overlay, you can quickly identify problem areas and experiment with improvements without having to recompile the source code. System Analyzing to isolate common bottlenecks that affect your game's performance in real time. Analyze performance on a single frame down to the draw call level. Identify where you can evenly distribute workloads across the CPU and GPU.
SLTS kernel and base-layer development in the Civil Infrastructure PlatformYoshitake Kobayashi
The Civil Infrastructure Platform (CIP) is creating a super long-term supported (SLTS) open source "base layer" for industrial grade software. We have been working on security fixes and some backported features since the moment we decided that Linux kernel v4.4 would be the first SLTS version. In this talk, we will describe the current development status of the SLTS kernel and testing environment. First, we'll explain our kernel development policy. Then, we'll describe the functionality that has been backported. Second, we'll talk about testing before using our base-layer on real products. We have been developing a test framework to collect and share test results. To build it, we don't want to duplicate existing work such as KernelCI, Fuego and others. For that reason, we are trying to collaborate and contribute to such projects. And finally, we'll discuss the future roadmap.
(LinuxCon Japan 2016)
Linux has become one of the most important software to run the Civil Infrastructure Systems such as power plants, water distribution, traffic control and healthcare. However, existing software platforms are not yet industrial grade (in addressing safety, reliability and other requirements for infrastructure). At the same time, rapid advances in machine-to-machine connectivity are driving change in industrial system architectures.
The Linux Foundation establishes "Civil Infrastructure Platform(CIP)" as a new collaborative project. CIP aims to develop a super long-term supported open source "base layer" of industrial grade software. This base layer enables the use of software building blocks that meet requirements of industrial and civil infrastructure projects. In this talk, we will explain the technical details and focuses of this project.
HKG18-315 - Why the ecosystem is a wonderful thing, warts and allLinaro
"Session ID: HKG18-315
Session Name: HKG18-315 - Why the ecosystem is a wonderful thing warts and all
Speaker: Andrew Wafaa
Track: Ecosystem Day
★ Session Summary ★
The Arm ecosystem is a vibrant place, but it's not always smooth sailing. This presentation will go through the highs and lows of getting the ecosystem fully Arm enabled.
---------------------------------------------------
★ Resources ★
Event Page: http://connect.linaro.org/resource/hkg18/hkg18-315/
Presentation: http://connect.linaro.org.s3.amazonaws.com/hkg18/presentations/hkg18-315.pdf
Video: http://connect.linaro.org.s3.amazonaws.com/hkg18/videos/hkg18-315.mp4
---------------------------------------------------
★ Event Details ★
Linaro Connect Hong Kong 2018 (HKG18)
19-23 March 2018
Regal Airport Hotel Hong Kong
---------------------------------------------------
Keyword: Ecosystem Day
'http://www.linaro.org'
'http://connect.linaro.org'
---------------------------------------------------
Follow us on Social Media
https://www.facebook.com/LinaroOrg
https://www.youtube.com/user/linaroorg?sub_confirmation=1
https://www.linkedin.com/company/1026961"
Embedded Recipes 2017 - An easy-to-install real world embedded Linux distribu...Anne Nicolas
Atom Linux is an open source project still in early starting phase. Its purpose is to give the user a way to easily create a robust and secure embedded Linux system. The user downloads a bootstrap image, then configures the utilities (servers…) and libraries needed by its custom code. Except its own code, he doesn’t need to do any compilation, the system automatically downloads prebuilt packages from the Atom Linux server. The Atom Linux system is built with robustness and security in mind. Among other features, it provides secured multi-partitioned update system and power supply fault tolerance.
Christophe BLAESS, Logilin
Debug, Analyze and Optimize Games with Intel Tools - Matteo Valoriani - Codem...Codemotion
Use the full potential of your favorite platform while improving a videogame's frame rate and performance with GPA (Graphic Performance Analyzer), a free tool powered by Intel. Featuring a convenient panel overlay, you can quickly identify problem areas and experiment with improvements without having to recompile the source code. System Analyzing to isolate common bottlenecks that affect your game's performance in real time. Analyze performance on a single frame down to the draw call level. Identify where you can evenly distribute workloads across the CPU and GPU.
SLTS kernel and base-layer development in the Civil Infrastructure PlatformYoshitake Kobayashi
The Civil Infrastructure Platform (CIP) is creating a super long-term supported (SLTS) open source "base layer" for industrial grade software. We have been working on security fixes and some backported features since the moment we decided that Linux kernel v4.4 would be the first SLTS version. In this talk, we will describe the current development status of the SLTS kernel and testing environment. First, we'll explain our kernel development policy. Then, we'll describe the functionality that has been backported. Second, we'll talk about testing before using our base-layer on real products. We have been developing a test framework to collect and share test results. To build it, we don't want to duplicate existing work such as KernelCI, Fuego and others. For that reason, we are trying to collaborate and contribute to such projects. And finally, we'll discuss the future roadmap.
(LinuxCon Japan 2016)
Linux has become one of the most important software to run the Civil Infrastructure Systems such as power plants, water distribution, traffic control and healthcare. However, existing software platforms are not yet industrial grade (in addressing safety, reliability and other requirements for infrastructure). At the same time, rapid advances in machine-to-machine connectivity are driving change in industrial system architectures.
The Linux Foundation establishes "Civil Infrastructure Platform(CIP)" as a new collaborative project. CIP aims to develop a super long-term supported open source "base layer" of industrial grade software. This base layer enables the use of software building blocks that meet requirements of industrial and civil infrastructure projects. In this talk, we will explain the technical details and focuses of this project.
Linux has become one of the most important software to run the civil infrastructure systems such as power plants, water distribution, traffic control and healthcare. From computer system viewpoint, the systems require a very high level of quality on real-time performance, reliability and security to avoid serious failure. To overcome the issues to apply Linux on such systems, as the first step, we need to gather the actual requirements. Past few months, some companies who are interested in this area actually got together and discussed to put those requirements together. In this talk, we would like to share the current status of this requirement discussion and our future collaboration plan. Please join us to improve Linux together and make the world better place!
Introduction to Civil Infrastructure PlatformSZ Lin
CIP is target to establish an open source base layer of industrial grade software to enable the use and implementation of software. This slide will introduce the current status and road map in CIP
In Need For A Linux Kernel Maintained For A Very Long Time? CIP Linux Kernel ...Agustin Benito Bethencourt
Problem statement that led CIP to go for the LTS model and process and overview of the CIP kernel maintenance process followed by the CIP kernel maintainers.
The Civil Infrastructure Platform (CIP) - launched in April - CIP defined and started to realize a super long-term supported open source "base layer" for industrial grade software. This base layer aims to be used for current and future industrial systems which supports machine-to-machine connectivity for digital future. This kind of systems, being the field for decades, should have long-term support for security and robustness reasons. In this talk, we will show the first steps on CIP development. This includes initial set of components for the base layer and its maintainers. Are you ready? It’s time to start your development with and for the CIP.
Manage kernel vulnerabilities in the software development lifecycleSZ Lin
This slide deck aims to introduce the methodology in managing the Linux kernel vulnerabilities in the software development lifecycle (SLDC) to reduce the maintenance effort.
(Embedded Linux Conference Europe 2014)
Linux uses many kind of embedded products. The products include not only consumer electronics but also control systems such as programmable logic controllers. There are many type of infrastructure systems and each system has different technical requirements. The requirements include not only real-time performance but also reliability-related functions. The infrastructure systems have to meet all the requirements. This presentation gives a summary of our study and development to adapt the Linux to infrastructure systems. Then we discuss the direction of future development. Please note, this presentation doesn't focus on a specific product.
Intro to GitOps with Weave GitOps, Flagger and LinkerdWeaveworks
You may not think of "GitOps" and "service mesh" together – but maybe you should! These two wildly different technologies are each enormously capable independently, and combined they deliver far more than the sum of their parts: a single Git commit can control workflows customized for your exact situation by taking advantage of the service mesh's ability to measure and manipulate traffic anywhere in your application's call graph, and you can rest easy knowing that Git is preserving the complete configuration for your entire application every step of the way.
See how these technologies can work together to tackle complex problems in cloud-native applications.
What you’ll get out of this:
* Understand what GitOps and service meshes can - and can't - do for you.
* Understand basic operations with GitOps and Linkerd.
* Understand the basics of continuous deployment with Weave GitOps and Linkerd.
It's a pivotal challenge to update the software in embedded systems due to many restrictions such as unreliable network and power supply, limited bandwidth, harsh environment, etc. This slide aims to provide the background knowledge and the open source tool to achieve the software update in embedded systems.
Presentation delivered at LinuxCon China 2017.
Zephyr is an upstream open source project for places where Linux is too big to fit. This talk will overview the progress we've made in the first year towards the projects goals around incorporating best of breed technologies into the code base, and building up the community to support multiple architectures and development environments. We will share our roadmap, plans and the challenges ahead of the us and give an overview of the major technical challenges we want to tackle in 2017.
Inria Tech Talk : RIOT, l'OS libre pour vos objets connectés #IoTStéphanie Roger
Faites communiquer vos objets connectés avec la solution RIOT !
RIOT est un nano système d'exploitation open source, l’équivalent de Linux, pour l’internet des objets. Grâce aux standards de communication qu'il implémente, il vous permettra de développer facilement et de façon pérenne et sécurisée vos applications pour vos objets communicants et embarqués (agriculture connectée, suivi et gestion de bâtiments intelligents, petits automatismes, usine du futur ...).
Inria, l'institut national de recherche dédié au numérique, qui à French Tech Central connecte les entrepreneurs au meilleur de la recherche publique française, est un des membres co-fondateurs de la communauté mondiale des développeurs RIOT.
Long-term Maintenance Model of Embedded Industrial Linux DistributionSZ Lin
To introduce a robust, secure and reliable platform for the industrial environments is a key challenge; moreover, the platform needs to survive for a long time (more than 10+ years). There are many good solutions aiming to meet these requirements, such as LTSI (Long Term Support Initiative) and CIP (Civil Infrastructure Platform). However, it still needs a high amount of maintenance and development costs in handling SoC/ hardware board in-house patch, non-upstream driver and keep source code consistent with different SoC and platform afterwards.
In this presentation, SZ Lin will introduce how to operate long-term maintenance model of embedded industrial Linux distribution. In addition, he will also address the building, deploying and testing architecture and workflow for producing a robust, secure and reliable platform.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit:
https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2021/01/khronos-standard-apis-for-accelerating-vision-and-inferencing-a-presentation-from-the-khronos-group/
Neil Trevett, President of the Khronos Group and Vice President of Developer Ecosystems at NVIDIA, presents the “Khronos Standard APIs for Accelerating Vision and Inferencing” tutorial at the September 2020 Embedded Vision Summit.
The landscape of processors and tools for accelerating inferencing and vision applications continues to evolve rapidly. Khronos standards, such as OpenCL, OpenVX, SYCL and NNEF, play an increasingly central role in connecting application developers to the latest silicon—productively, efficiently and portably.
In this talk, Trevett provides an overview and the latest updates on Khronos standards relevant for machine learning and computer vision, and previews how they are likely to evolve in the future.
Similar to Civil Infrastructure Platform: Industrial Grade SLTS Kernel and Base-layer Development (20)
The Latest Status of CE Workgroup Shared Embedded Linux Distribution ProjectYoshitake Kobayashi
The CE workgroup of Linux Foundation has started a project to share the work of maintaining long-term support for an embedded distribution, by leveraging the work of the Debian and Debian LTS project. Debian gives you pre-compiled binary packages but the meta-debian layer enables to install customized packages to create similar or smaller images. If both usecases are able to share the source code, it is good to share the maintenance effort.
In this talk, Yoshitake will describe the details of meta-debian which provides a meta layer for the Poky build system. This talk will to gives the latest status, technical details and lessons learned from its development.
All source code are available on GitHub and related document also available on Github and elinux wiki.
Poky meets Debian: Understanding how to make an embedded Linux by using an ex...Yoshitake Kobayashi
Embedded Linux Conference 2015
Poky has already become one of the most popular build system to make an embedded Linux environment. Poky refers to OpenEmbedded originally. However if you want to use other source code, how to do it? We have some experience we would like to share with you. For this study, We choose Debian source and already tried two ways to use it. The first try was probably an incorrect way and the second try may be a correct way.
In this talk, we will show both of them and also describe why we choose Debian. If you are interested in this implementation, you can download the source code from GitHub. There are some implementations available for development boards such as pandaboard, minnowboard and etc. Let's enjoy Bitbake!
ELC 2014
The LTSI kernel has a high degree of usability for embedded systems. However lack of real-time extension makes it difficult to adapt LTSI to control systems. We made LTSI kernel with RT patch (LTSI-RT) to follow the LTS kernel and are evaluating it on several boards. This presentation shows requirement and issues to make LTSI-RT. LTSI-RT is available on GitHub
https://github.com/ystk/linux-ltsi-work/tree/ltsi-3.10.y-rt
An Essential Relationship between Real-time and Resource PartitioningYoshitake Kobayashi
(ELC Europe 2013)
Running real-time and general purpose applications on a same hardware is normally a crazy idea in most case. However, we strongly focus to run both applications on a hardware without virtualization. Resource Partitioning enables the assignment of hardware resource (e.g.: core, execution time, memory bandwidth or device access) to processes with special requirements (e.g: real-time performance or safety requirements).
In this talk, we would like to discuss current limitation on Linux kernel and describe how to solve it.
Embedded Linux Conference 2013
https://github.com/ystk/sched-deadline/tree/dlmiss-detection-dev
Real-time system need to meet deadline. In this point of view, the system is required two functions to have determinism. One is interrupt latency stabilization and the other one is processing time reservation. SCHED_DEADLINE has a feature to reserve CPU time in advance to ensure predictable behavior. However there is a lack of feature to control deadline missed processes.
In this presentation, we would like to discuss the requirement for the feature and also show a sample implementation to control deadline missed processes.
Improvement of Scheduling Granularity for Deadline Scheduler Yoshitake Kobayashi
(Embedded Linux Conference Europe 2012)
https://github.com/ystk/sched-deadline/tree/dlmiss-detection-dev
Real-time system need to meet deadline. In this point of view, the system is required two functions to have determinism. One is interruptlatency stabilization and the other one is processing time reservation. The SCHED_DEADLINE has a feature to reserve CPU time in advance to ensure predictable behavior. In our evaluation, the granularity of CPU reservation is millisecond order.In this presentation, we show the evaluation results of current implementation to make clear the issue. Then we explain how to overcome this issue and its results.
Real-time system need to meet deadline. In this point of view, the system is required two functions to have determinism. One is interruptlatency stabilization and the other one is processing time reservation. The SCHED_DEADLINE has a feature to reserve CPU time in advance to ensure predictable behavior. In our evaluation, the granularity of CPU reservation is millisecond order.In this presentation, we show the evaluation results of current implementation to make clear the issue. Then we explain how to overcome this issue and its results.
Some data written on data storage are very important for users. The data needs to ensure consistency when the application received a result from a file write functions even if the system crashed.
In this talk, we will show the evaluation results on data consistency for SYNC mode write on a number of Linux file systems. The evaluation is also conducted on more than one kernel version and disk types, and we will show all the results from different perspectives.
Yoshitake Kobayashi joined Corporate Software Engineering Center, Toshiba Corporation in 2008. Before that he received his Ph.D. degree in computer science at University of Electro-Communications in 2002 and worked as an assistant professor. His research interests include operating systems, distributed systems and dynamically reconfigurable systems.
https://github.com/ystk/fs-test
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Design and Analysis of Algorithms-DP,Backtracking,Graphs,B&B
Civil Infrastructure Platform: Industrial Grade SLTS Kernel and Base-layer Development
1. Civil Infrastructure Platform :
Industrial Grade SLTS Kernel and
Base-Layer Development
Yoshitake Kobayashi
Open Source Summit Japan, Tokyo, June 2, 2017
2. Our Civilization is Run by Linux
https://www.airpano.com/360Degree-VirtualTour.php?3D=San-Francisco-USA
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 2
4. But there are issues to be
solved…
https://www.airpano.com/360Degree-VirtualTour.php?3D=San-Francisco-USAOpen Source Summit Japan 2017 4
5. A Railway System:
25-50 years products life-cycle
with very reluctant nature for product update and upgrade of hardware and
base software platform
Image: http://www.deutschebahn.com/contentblob/10862328/20160301+Stw+M%C3%BClheim+Innenansicht+1+(1)/data.jpg
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 5
6. Railway Example
3 – 5 years development time
2 – 4 years customer specific extensions
1 year initial safety certifications / authorization
3 – 6 months safety certifications / authorization for follow-up releases
(depending on amount of changes)
25 – 50 years lifetime
Image: http://www.deutschebahn.com/contentblob/10862328/20160301+Stw+M%C3%BClheim+Innenansicht+1+(1)/data.jpgOpen Source Summit Japan 2017 6
7. What we have done on Linux for civil infrastructure systems
• Improve real-time performance and test
• Improve reliability and test
• Improve security and test
• Improve stability and test
• Create a lot of documents and review
• Open source software licenses compliance
• Export control classification
• Then, support for long-time such as 20-60 years
• ...
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 7
9. The Problems we face …
• The systems that support our modern civilization need to survive for a VERY
LONG TIME. Until now the corresponding industrial grade super long term
maintenance has been done individually by each company.
• These systems not only have to survive for a long time, they must be
“INDUSTRIAL GRADE” (robust, secure and reliable). And at the same time
the industry will also need to catch up with the latest technology trends
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 9
10. The Solutions we need …
• We need a Collaborative framework to maintain the same open
source based system for many, many, many years to keep it secure,
robust and reliable.
• AND most importantly, we need to do this collaboratively in the
upstream communities, not locally.
LONG TERM
MAINTENACE
INDUSTRIAL
GRADE
Collaborative
Development
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 10
11. Open Source Summit Japan 2017 11
Establishing an Open Source Base Layer of
industrial-grade software to enable the use
and implementation of software building
blocks for Civil Infrastructure Systems
CIP is our solution…
https://www.cip-project.org/
12. Requirements for the Civil infrastructure systems
Industrial
Grade
• Reliability
• Functional Safety
• Security
• Real-time capabilities
Sustainability
• Product life-cycles of 10
– 60 years
Conservative
Upgrade/Upd
ate Strategy
• Firmware updates only
if industrial grade is
jeopardized
• Minimize the risk of
regressions
• Keeping regression test
and certification efforts
low
This has to be achieve with …
Development time
Shorter development times for
more complex systems
Maintenance costs
Low maintenance costs for
commonly uses software
components
Low commissioning and update
costs
Development costs
Don‘t re-invent the wheel
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 12
13. Things to be done: Creation of an “Open Source Base Layer”
UserspaceHardwareKernel
• Open source based
reference
implementation
• Start from a minimal set
for controllers in
industrial grade systems
Open
Source
Base Layer
CIP Reference Hardware
CIP Reference
Filesystem image with SDK
(CIP Core packages)
CIP SLTS Kernel
Non-CIP packages
Any Linux distribution (e.g. Yocto Project, Debian,
openSUSE, etc.) may extend/include CIP packages.
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 13
14. Scope of activities
UserspaceKernelspace
Linux Kernel
App container
infrastructure (mid-term)
App Framework
(optionally, mid-term)
Middleware/Libraries
Safe & Secure
Update
Monitoring
Domain Specific communication
(e.g. OPC UA)
Shared config.
& logging
Real-time support
Real-time /
safe virtualization
Tools Concepts
Build environment
(e.g. yocto recipes)
Test automation
Tracing & reporting
tools
Configuration
management
Device management
(update, download)
Functional safety
architecture/strategy,
including compliance
w/ standards (e.g., NERC
CIP, IEC61508)
Long-term support
Strategy:
security patch
management
Standardization
collaborative effort with
others
License clearing
Export Control
Classification
On device software stack Product development
and maintenance
Application life-
cycle management
Security
Multimedia
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 14
15. Technical topics and related projects (Feb. 2017 version)
w
Linux Kernel
Userland Isolation
LXC Cgroups
Heterogeneous
Computing
SoC FPGA
Middleware / Tools
Application support
App Framework HMI Framework FW update App deployment
Configuration/Device management
Configuration Industrial Zeroconf
Domain specific and IoT communication
OPC UA
Avnu
Echonet
Industrial special-purpose protocols
Functional Safety
SIL3 supportSIL2LinuxMP
Monitoring/error detection
RTOS
OM2M
Security
LSM
Anomaly detection
SELinux
Kernel Isolation
Communication
Jailhouse
SafeG
Real-time support
PREEMPT-RT
GPGPU/FPGA real-time
Xenomai
RT/non-RT communication
Live patching
Monitoring / Tracing
RAS
Ftrace ktap
Coherent Security Mechanisms
Hardware / SoC (x86 or ARM based)
To be specified / implemented by CIP Integration / cooperationLegend
`I
Testing
kselftest
CIP test suite
FuegoLTP
Infrastructure and Services
Support
SLTS
Development process
SIL3 supportSIL2 support
Legal topics SPDX
Export ControlLicense Clearing
FOSSology
Backwards compatibility
Build and production
Yocto Project
TSN
Multimedia Common issues
Y2038
KernelCI
Debian build system
* Topics will be added or removed to reflect CIP technical interests
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 15
16. Scope of activities
UserspaceKernelspace
Linux Kernel
App container
infrastructure (mid-term)
App Framework
(optionally, mid-term)
Middleware/Libraries
Safe & Secure
Update
Monitoring
Domain Specific communication
(e.g. OPC UA)
Shared config.
& logging
Real-time support
Real-time /
safe virtualization
Tools Concepts
Build environment
(e.g. yocto recipes)
Test automation
Tracing & reporting
tools
Configuration
management
Device management
(update, download)
Functional safety
architecture/strategy,
including compliance
w/ standards (e.g., NERC
CIP, IEC61508)
Long-term support
Strategy:
security patch
management
Standardization
collaborative effort with
others
License clearing
Export Control
Classification
On-device software stack Product development
and maintenance
Application life-
cycle management
Security
Multimedia
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 16
17. Current status of CIP base layer development
• CIP SLTS kernel development
• Decide the CIP kernel version
• 4.4 is the first CIP kernel. Maintenance expected for 10 years and more (SLTS).
• Select a maintainer
• Ben Hutchings is the initial CIP-kernel maintainer
• Define a kernel maintenance policies
• https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/cipkernelmaintenance
• Start maintenance
• Linux 4.4.69-cip4 released on 25th May 2017
• Create CIP kernel test framework
• CIP core package development
• Define an initial component set
• Define component version
• Contribute to upstream project
• Start maintenance for SLTS
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 17
19. Overview of CIP SLTS kernel
• Kernel trees
• CIP SLTS (linux-4.4.y-cip)
• Official CIP SLTS kernel tree
• https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/bwh/linux-cip.git/
• Based on linux-stable.git
• Maintainer: Ben Hutchings
• Validation will be done by CIP
• CIP SLTS+PREEMPT_RT (will be separately maintained by CIP members)
• CIP kernel tree based on linux-stable-rt and patches from CIP SLTS
• Validation will be done by CIP
• Maintenance period
• 10 years and more (10-20 years)
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 19
20. CIP SLTS Kernel development trees
Mainline
Stable (linux-stable)
4.4
CIP SLTS (linux-4.4.y-cip)
Stable-rt
CIP SLTS-rt/with FB
1. Feature backports
2. Security fix only
+PREEMPT_RT Follow the CIP SLTS with
PREEMPT_RT
Validate by CIP members
Backported
patches
Maintained by Ben Hutchings
Take over from
maintainer
Take over from
maintainer
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 20
21. CIP SLTS Kernel development
• Kernel maintenance policy
• https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/cipkernelmaintenance
• Follow the stable kernel development rule as the basis
• Feature backports are acceptable
• All features has to be in upstream kernel before backport to CIP kernel
• CIP has “Upstream first” policy
• Validation will be done by CIP test infrastructure and/or members
• Current backported features on 4.4.y-CIP
• Kernel Self Protection Project related features
• Address Space Layout Randomization for user space process (ASLR)
• GCC’s undefined behaviour Sanitizer (UBSAN)
• Faster page poisoning
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 21
22. CIP’s participation in the Real-time Linux Project
• CIP has become a Gold Member of the
Real Time Linux Project
• What’s next
• Work together with the RTL Project
• CIP member Daniel Wagner (Siemens) is trying to become the maintainer of
4.4.y-stable-rt, the base version of the CIP Kernel.
• More information
• https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/realtime/rtl/start
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 22
23. Out-of-tree drivers
• In general, all out-of-tree drivers are unsupported by CIP
• Users can use CIP kernel with out-of-tree drivers
• If a bug is found in such a modified kernel, users will first demonstrate that it
exists in the CIP kernel source release in order for the CIP maintainers to act
on it.
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 23
24. Major version release cycle (Next CIP SLTS kernel version)
• CIP will take a LTS kernel every 2-4 years
• Planning to synchronize with LTSI for next CIP SLTS kernel
• LTSI: http://ltsi.linuxfoundation.org/
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 24
26. Purpose of CIP testing
• Detecting bugs
• Detecting regressions
• Provide test results in a timely manner
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 26
27. Milestones of CIP testing and current status
1. Board at desk - single dev
• A setup that allows a developer to test the CIP kernel on the CIP selected hardware platform
connected locally to her development machine using kernelCI tools.
2. CIP kernel testing
• Test the CIP kernel on a regular basis and share the results with other CIP community members.
3. Define kernel testing as a service within CIP
• Define the testing environment within CIP assuming that, in some cases, some members may
share the tests, test results or laboratories while others may not.
4. From kernel testing to system testing
• Once the testing environment has been ready and works for the kernel, explore how to extend
it to the entire CIP platform.
https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/ciptesting
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 27
28. CIP testing
• Goal
• Create and publish a VM image that contains KernelCI & LAVA
• Single developer can test the CIP kernel (or any other kernels)
• News
• B@D v0.9.1 has been release at OSSJ 2017
• https://www.cip-project.org/news/2017/05/30/bd-v0-9-1
• Download the VM or deploy the environment through Vagrant
• https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/cipdownload
• Check the tools and software packages included in this release.
• https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/ciptestingboar
datdesksingledevfeaturepage
• The CIP testing team has invested a significant effort in writing step by step
instructions to deploy, configure and run tests.
• Check the source code involved
• https://gitlab.com/cip-project/cip-testing/board-at-desk-single-
dev/tree/master
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 28
29. CIP testing: next steps
• During the coming months the team will focus on:
• Defining how tests should look like.
• Defining how results should be shared.
• Increasing the test coverage of the CIP Kernel
• More updates at Embedded Linux Conference Europe 2017 this
October
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 29
31. Current status of the Base layer development
1. Define an initial component set
2. Define component version
3. Contribute to upstream project
4. Start maintenance for SLTS
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 31
32. Current status of the Base layer development
1. Define an initial component set
2. Define component version
3. Contribute to upstream project
4. Start maintenance for SLTS
1.5 Talk to upstream maintainer
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 32
33. Initial component set for CIP base layer
• Flex
• Bison
• autoconf
• automake
• bc
• bison
• Bzip2
• Curl
• Db
• Dbus
• Expat
• Flex
• gawk
• Gdb
CIP will start with a minimal set of packages. “CIP kernel” and “CIP core” packages run on hardware.
NOTE: The maintenance effort varies considerably for different packages.
CIP Core
Packages
CIP
Kernel
Dev
packages
• Kernel
• Linux kernel 4.4 + backported patches
• PREEMPT_RT patch
• Bootloader
• U-boot
• Shells / Utilities
• Busybox
• Base libraries
• Glibc
• Tool Chain
• Binutils
• GCC
• Security
• OpenSSL
• Git
• Glib
• Gmp
• Gzip
• gettext
• Kbd
• Libibverbs
• Libtool
• Libxml2
• Mpclib
• Mpfr4
• Ncurses
• Make
• M4
• pax-utils
• Pciutils
• Perl
• pkg-config
• Popt
• Procps
• Quilt
• Readline
• sysfsutils
• Tar
• Unifdef
• Zlib
Keep these packages for Reproducible buildCandidates for initial component set
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 33
34. CIP Project X
• Started an incubation project for the minimum base system
• This project will provide a way to test the installable image
• Goal
• Input: Debian sources/binaries and cip kernel
• Build mechanism: bitbake and/or Debian build system
• Output: Minimum deployable base system
• Current status
• Minimal rootfs available for the following hardware
• QEMUx86
• BeagleBone Black
• Cyclone-V
• Source code
• https://gitlab.com/cip-playground/project-x
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 34
35. Development plan
CIP will increase the development effort to create a industrial grade common base-layer
Phase 1:
• Define supported kernel
subsystems, arch.
• Initial SLTS component selection
• Select SLTS versions
• Set-up maintenance
infrastructure (build, test)
Phase 2:
• Patch collection, stabilization, back
port of patches for CIP kernel
packages
• Support more subsystems
• Additional core packages
Core
Packages
Kernel
(SLTS)
Phase 3:
• Domain specific enhancements,
e.g. communication protocols,
industrial IoT middleware
• Optionally: more subystems
• Optionally: more core packages
add. pkgs
Core
Packages
Kernel
(SLTS)
add. pkgs
Core
Packages
Kernel
(SLTS)
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 35
36. CIP whitepaper release
• Year One Update + Whitepaper Release
• https://www.cip-
project.org/blog/2017/05/31/cip-year-one-
update-whitepaper-release
• Everyone can download the whitepaper
• https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/_media/civilin
frastructureplatform/whitepaper_short.pdf
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 36
37. Summary
• Selected the first CIP kernel and initial maintainer
• 4.4 as first CIP kernel. Maintenance expected for 10+ years (SLTS).
• Ben Hutchings as initial CIP kernel maintainer.
• Defined CIP Kernel maintenance policies.
• Defining CIP kernel + RT maintenance.
• Defined initial board platforms and provide support for them.
• Renesas RZ/G and Beaglebone Black
• Released Board @ Desk for CIP kernel testing
• Started CIP Project X
• Published a whitepaper
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 37
39. Next steps by CIP
• Board @desk - Single dev
• Start Action-2.
https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/ciptesting
• Increase test coverage.
• Kernel maintenance
• Define Kernel features
• Create a branch for 4.4-cip-rt
• Analysis
• Select additional software as part of CIP base layer.
• Review requirements from CIP members (e.g. Functional Safety)
• Collaboration: kernelCI, LAVA, Fuego, y2038, KSPP, Real-time Linux Project
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 39
40. CIP booth at OSSJ 2017
• CIP use cases
• Industrial controller
• Power plant simulator
with real controller
• IoT (OpenBlocks IoT)
• CIP testing on reference
board (Renesas RZ/G)
• Whitepaper
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 40
42. Why joining CIP?
• Steer
participate in project decisions and technical direction.
• Participate
bring your use cases and ideas to the right forum.
• Learn
by working on daily basis in the open with others with common interest.
• Collaborate
share effort and knowledge. Stand on the shoulders of giants.
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 42
43. Contact Information and Resources
To get the latest information, please contact:
• Noriaki Fukuyasu: fukuyasu@linuxfoundation.org
Other resources
• CIP Web site: https://www.cip-project.org
• CIP Mailing list: cip-dev@lists.cip-project.org
• CIP Wiki: https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/
• Collaboration at CIP: http://www.gitlab.com/cip-project
• CIP kernel: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bwh/linux-cip.git
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 43
44. Call for new participants!
Provide a super long-term maintained industrial-
grade embedded Linux platform.
Platinum Members
Silver Members
Open Source Summit Japan 2017 44