This document summarizes the results of a survey of federal Chief Information Security Officers (CISOs) on the state of cybersecurity from their perspective. Key findings include:
1) CISOs see greater national awareness of cybersecurity issues but still lack sufficient resources to fully address threats.
2) While security tools and training are improving, threats and attacks are also increasing.
3) CISOs face evolving responsibilities beyond technical issues to include management, policy, and political roles.
4) CISOs rely on well-trained staff but need more funding, clear mandates, and operational support from agencies.
Whitepaper | Cyber resilience in the age of digital transformationNexon Asia Pacific
We are living in an always-on world using different communications devices, systems and networks. As privacy and protecting one’s identity is becoming increasingly important, the task of protecting these devices, systems and networks from cyber attack is no longer an option, it is a necessity.
The document discusses how predictive cyber intelligence can help organizations stay ahead of both cyber and physical security threats. It notes that investigations often find warning signs were missed by conventional defenses. The challenge is for organizations to detect potential threats early through tools like predictive cyber intelligence, which uses software and hardware to monitor public information for pre-incident indicators. This allows businesses to contain threats before damage occurs, whereas reactive security measures only address threats after the fact. The document provides examples of both cyberattacks and physical security risks organizations face and argues that predictive cyber intelligence can add important depth to defensive strategies.
This document discusses the importance of information sharing between the public and private sectors regarding cybersecurity. It argues that collaboration is key to fighting cybercrimes effectively. While private sectors fear sharing information due to liability and regulatory concerns, timely sharing of technical data on threats could help detection and prevention. Developing trust between sectors is important for effective communication. The document also examines incentives that could encourage information sharing, such as legal protections and liability waivers for shared breach information. Overall it promotes greater cooperation between public and private stakeholders in cybersecurity.
This document summarizes the key findings of a cybersecurity literacy survey of C-level executives and IT professionals in large UK organizations. It found that while awareness of cybersecurity risks is growing among executives, true literacy remains a challenge. Executives may overestimate their and their boards' understanding due to overconfidence or reluctance to admit gaps. Communication of risks from IT teams is often one-way, and risks beyond customer data breaches or tools are not well understood at board levels. Improving actionable communication to move cybersecurity up priorities is needed before a breach occurs.
This document discusses the need for small to medium sized hospitals to implement an incident response plan and cyber incident response team (CIRT) to properly handle security incidents. It notes that most such organizations currently lack dedicated resources to properly address cybersecurity issues. The document then outlines some of the key legal implications of health data privacy laws and proposes adapting the established Incident Command System model used in emergency response to structure a CIRT. Specific recommendations are provided regarding the necessary skills, tools, and processes a CIRT would need to effectively prepare for, identify, contain, eradicate, recover from, and follow up on security incidents.
OverseeCyberSecurityAsHackersSeekToInfiltrateKashif Ali
This document discusses cyber security threats and their impact. It provides an overview of some growing cyber risks and how they can threaten the development of the information society. It argues that increased cooperation and information sharing between cyber security groups is needed to effectively address these challenges. Senior executives and governments must play a leading role in overseeing cyber security and minimizing risks through effective IT governance and strategic alignment of security systems. Overall cyber threats are increasing and declining trust in internet users, so concerted efforts are needed from all stakeholders to promote a more secure information environment.
Thinking about how to solve security problems at the scale of state government will require diligent attention to the fundamentals of information security management. Certain key issues highlighted in a Legislative Post Audit report are constraining the capacity of state agencies to accomplish their security goals. These issues include structural issues affecting security functions, the role of the private sector, and staffing the security function. Engaged leadership focusing on clear priorities like accountability, reporting, and response capabilities will allow the state to purposefully move toward its security goals despite a challenging security talent market.
Contemporary Cyber Security Social Engineering Solutions, Measures, Policies,...CSCJournals
This document summarizes a research paper that conducted a critical review of contemporary social engineering solutions, measures, policies, tools, and applications. Through a systematic review of recent studies, the analysis identified that providing training for employees to understand social engineering risks and how to avoid attacks is important for protection. Key measures identified include awareness programs, training non-technical staff, implementing new security networks and protocols, and using software to address social engineering threats. The review examined 30 studies on measures, policies and tools adopted by organizations and found that education, training, and awareness programs are effective at enhancing employee behavior and defenses against social engineering.
Whitepaper | Cyber resilience in the age of digital transformationNexon Asia Pacific
We are living in an always-on world using different communications devices, systems and networks. As privacy and protecting one’s identity is becoming increasingly important, the task of protecting these devices, systems and networks from cyber attack is no longer an option, it is a necessity.
The document discusses how predictive cyber intelligence can help organizations stay ahead of both cyber and physical security threats. It notes that investigations often find warning signs were missed by conventional defenses. The challenge is for organizations to detect potential threats early through tools like predictive cyber intelligence, which uses software and hardware to monitor public information for pre-incident indicators. This allows businesses to contain threats before damage occurs, whereas reactive security measures only address threats after the fact. The document provides examples of both cyberattacks and physical security risks organizations face and argues that predictive cyber intelligence can add important depth to defensive strategies.
This document discusses the importance of information sharing between the public and private sectors regarding cybersecurity. It argues that collaboration is key to fighting cybercrimes effectively. While private sectors fear sharing information due to liability and regulatory concerns, timely sharing of technical data on threats could help detection and prevention. Developing trust between sectors is important for effective communication. The document also examines incentives that could encourage information sharing, such as legal protections and liability waivers for shared breach information. Overall it promotes greater cooperation between public and private stakeholders in cybersecurity.
This document summarizes the key findings of a cybersecurity literacy survey of C-level executives and IT professionals in large UK organizations. It found that while awareness of cybersecurity risks is growing among executives, true literacy remains a challenge. Executives may overestimate their and their boards' understanding due to overconfidence or reluctance to admit gaps. Communication of risks from IT teams is often one-way, and risks beyond customer data breaches or tools are not well understood at board levels. Improving actionable communication to move cybersecurity up priorities is needed before a breach occurs.
This document discusses the need for small to medium sized hospitals to implement an incident response plan and cyber incident response team (CIRT) to properly handle security incidents. It notes that most such organizations currently lack dedicated resources to properly address cybersecurity issues. The document then outlines some of the key legal implications of health data privacy laws and proposes adapting the established Incident Command System model used in emergency response to structure a CIRT. Specific recommendations are provided regarding the necessary skills, tools, and processes a CIRT would need to effectively prepare for, identify, contain, eradicate, recover from, and follow up on security incidents.
OverseeCyberSecurityAsHackersSeekToInfiltrateKashif Ali
This document discusses cyber security threats and their impact. It provides an overview of some growing cyber risks and how they can threaten the development of the information society. It argues that increased cooperation and information sharing between cyber security groups is needed to effectively address these challenges. Senior executives and governments must play a leading role in overseeing cyber security and minimizing risks through effective IT governance and strategic alignment of security systems. Overall cyber threats are increasing and declining trust in internet users, so concerted efforts are needed from all stakeholders to promote a more secure information environment.
Thinking about how to solve security problems at the scale of state government will require diligent attention to the fundamentals of information security management. Certain key issues highlighted in a Legislative Post Audit report are constraining the capacity of state agencies to accomplish their security goals. These issues include structural issues affecting security functions, the role of the private sector, and staffing the security function. Engaged leadership focusing on clear priorities like accountability, reporting, and response capabilities will allow the state to purposefully move toward its security goals despite a challenging security talent market.
Contemporary Cyber Security Social Engineering Solutions, Measures, Policies,...CSCJournals
This document summarizes a research paper that conducted a critical review of contemporary social engineering solutions, measures, policies, tools, and applications. Through a systematic review of recent studies, the analysis identified that providing training for employees to understand social engineering risks and how to avoid attacks is important for protection. Key measures identified include awareness programs, training non-technical staff, implementing new security networks and protocols, and using software to address social engineering threats. The review examined 30 studies on measures, policies and tools adopted by organizations and found that education, training, and awareness programs are effective at enhancing employee behavior and defenses against social engineering.
The document discusses upcoming FFIEC cybersecurity assessments for financial institutions and provides guidance. It notes that cybersecurity is essentially the same as information security, focusing on protecting digital data and infrastructure. It advises that institutions with a robust information security program in place addressing risk assessment and management will likely pass the cybersecurity assessments after some minor enhancements. The document provides an overview of frameworks like NIST's Cybersecurity Framework that can help institutions refine their programs to prepare.
Cyber-attacks are growing in sophistication and targeting banks more deeply. Recent cases show attackers have exploited security weaknesses to steal valid credentials and input fraudulent payment instructions. Combating fraud is a challenge that requires cooperation across the industry, as threats constantly evolve. SWIFT's Customer Security Program aims to support customers in strengthening security and fighting cyber-attacks.
Preparing today for tomorrow’s threats.
When companies hear the word “security,” what concepts come to mind
— safety, protection or perhaps comfort? To the average IT administrator,
security conjures up images of locked-down networks and virus-free devices.
An attacker, state-sponsored agent or hactivist, meanwhile, may view security
as a way to demonstrate expertise by infiltrating and bringing down corporate
or government networks for profit, military goals, political gain — or even fun.
We live in a world in which cybercrime is on the rise. A quick scan of the
timeline of major incidents (See Figure 1, Page 9) shows the increasing
frequency and severity of security breaches — a pattern that is likely
to continue for years to come. Few if any organizations are safe from
cybercriminals, to say nothing of national security. In fact, experts even
exposed authentication and encryption vulnerabilities in the U.S. Federal
Aviation Administration’s new state-of-the-art multibillion-dollar air
traffic control system
The Role of Information Security Policy Jessica Graf Assignment 1 Unit 8 IAS5020Jessica Graf
The document discusses the importance of developing an information security policy that balances security needs with business goals. It explains that a policy should be based on assessing risks and regulations while protecting assets like data, networks, and reputation. A good policy also considers factors like budget, priorities, and how security could impact customers. The goal is to implement controls that cost-effectively mitigate risks through confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information.
Advanced persistent threats (APTs) are sophisticated cyber attacks that can breach networks undetected for long periods of time. They trick users into opening infected emails or files that install malware allowing remote access. One company was hacked for a year before detecting unusual late-night data downloads. Countering APTs requires identifying existing threats, protecting critical assets, assessing security vulnerabilities, and developing a risk management plan that limits access while maintaining operations. A holistic organizational approach is needed that changes culture, policy, technology, budgets, and planning to systematically respond to evolving threats.
This document provides an introduction and overview of cybersecurity best practices for counties. It discusses the growing threat of cyber attacks faced by counties, citing examples of recent attacks on county governments. While counties store valuable personal and infrastructure data, 97% of breaches could have been prevented with basic security controls. The document advocates for an ongoing process of assessment, patching, and training (APT) to defend against advanced persistent threats (APT). This represents the best practices of regularly assessing systems for weaknesses, updating software, and educating all users. Counties must take cybersecurity seriously to protect data and operations from increasingly sophisticated cyber threats.
Perception Gaps in Cyber Resilience: What Are Your Blind Spots?Sarah Nirschl
Protecting enterprise systems against cyber threats is a strategic priority, yet only 42% of executives are confident they could recover without impacting their business from a cyber event. Find out the hidden risks of shadow IT, cloud and cyber insurance.
Event report from Cyber Security roundtable discussions held in 5 cities. Manila on 31August 2016, Jakarta 6 October 2016, Kuala Lumpur 21 October 2016, Singapore 27 October 2016 and Hong Kong 11 November 2016. Organised by CIO Academy Asia and its partner Fortinet.
With malware attacks growing more sophisticated, swift, and dangerous by the day — and billions of dollars spent to combat them — surprisingly few organizations have a grip on the problem. Only 20 percent of security professionals surveyed by Information Security Media Group (ISMG) rated their incident response program “very effective.” Nearly two-thirds struggle to detect APTs, limiting their ability to defend today’s most pernicious threats. In addition, more than 60 percent struggle with the speed of detection, and more than 40 percent struggle with the accuracy of detection. Those shortcomings give attackers more time to steal data and embed their malware deeper into targeted systems. For the latest threat intelligence reports, visit https://www.fireeye.com/current-threats/threat-intelligence-reports.html.
The document discusses cybersecurity challenges and capabilities in the insurance industry based on a survey conducted by Accenture Security. Some key findings include:
- Insurance companies have made progress in their cybersecurity capabilities but around 20% of attempted breaches are still successful, exposing risk.
- While insurance leaders are confident in their cyber defenses, attackers are becoming more sophisticated so overconfidence could be an issue.
- Insurance companies need to invest more in advanced technologies like AI and automation to keep up with cyber criminals.
- Achieving mastery in cybersecurity for insurance companies would mean things like identifying breaches quickly, involving more than just the security team, and focusing on the right performance metrics beyond just underwriting losses.
Brian Krebs provides five security insights: 1) Organizations should regularly pen test users as attackers already are; 2) Connected devices with IP addresses will eventually be hacked; 3) Organizations need to drill breach response in advance; 4) People need to actively work to secure and maintain privacy or they do not have privacy; 5) IoT is a national security priority given the firepower available to attackers. Brett Kelsey of Intel Security discussed cybersecurity numbers including average costs of breaches and time to detect breaches.
The document is a research report that compares insurance protection for tangible versus intangible assets. Some key findings:
1) Information assets are valued slightly higher on average ($1.082 billion) than tangible property, plant, and equipment ($947 million) but have much lower insurance coverage (15% vs 59%).
2) The potential maximum loss from information assets being stolen or destroyed is estimated to be higher on average ($979 million) than potential losses from tangible assets ($770 million).
3) Despite higher risks and potential losses to information assets, companies are reluctant to purchase cyber insurance and many would not disclose material losses of information assets in financial statements like they would for tangible assets.
Risk and Responsibility in a Hyperconnected World assesses cyber resilience and the impact of cyberattacks. It examines necessary action areas, analyzes response readiness through interviews and surveys, and sets out three alternative future scenarios. The report finds that cyberattacks pose strategic risks and could slow innovation worth $1-21 trillion. While large companies acknowledge interdependence, most lack mature cyber risk management processes. The report concludes collaborative action is needed across sectors to build cyber capabilities and develop a framework for participants to enhance resilience. It proposes a 14-point roadmap to facilitate cooperation.
Mark Lanterman - The Risk Report October 2015Mark Lanterman
The document discusses steps organizations can take to protect their digital assets and minimize risks of cyberattacks and data breaches. It recommends conducting regular digital security assessments, educating employees on security best practices, limiting unnecessary access to sensitive data, implementing policies around bring-your-own-devices, and auditing third party vendors. It also stresses the importance of regular data backups and developing an organizational culture of security.
The document discusses the growing security challenges faced by organizations and the need to close the gap between security (SecOps) and IT operations teams. It notes that the volume and complexity of cyberattacks have increased significantly. However, current security tools, processes, and teams are often unable to keep up due to a lack of integration and coordination between security and operations groups. This results in security vulnerabilities not being addressed quickly enough, leading to potential data breaches and other security incidents. The document argues that automating security and operations workflows can help eliminate inefficiencies and prioritize the remediation of the most critical issues.
This document discusses security threats that companies will face in 2020. It notes that cybercrime is increasing in frequency and severity. Emerging threats include the growth of connected devices and societies, vulnerabilities in medical devices, increased machine-to-machine interactions, reliance on mobile devices, growth of cloud services, and risks around big data. The document warns that security needs to protect all aspects of the enterprise from the data center to mobile devices and beyond. Adversaries are increasingly sophisticated and companies must manage security risks in a connected world.
This document summarizes the key findings of the 2006 CSI/FBI Computer Crime and Security Survey. The survey polled over 600 security professionals and found that:
1) Virus attacks and unauthorized access continued to be the largest sources of financial loss. Financial losses from laptop theft and stolen proprietary information were also significant.
2) Unauthorized computer use slightly decreased while reported computer security incidents to law enforcement increased after previous years of decline.
3) Most organizations evaluate security investments using metrics like return on investment, but many respondents said economic and risk management issues were most critical.
4) Over 80% of organizations conduct security audits but respondents felt more investment was still needed in security awareness training.
5)
The document discusses how IT has evolved from centralized mainframe computing to today's hybrid environment of distributed data centers, virtualization, and cloud computing. This has provided flexibility but also increased complexity in management. The key challenges are centralizing management across platforms, redefining service level agreements for varied infrastructure, and gaining insight into an increasingly distributed IT environment to ensure performance and responsiveness.
Cybercriminals used Zeus malware and exploit kits to steal close to £675,000 from 3000 customer accounts of a major UK bank. They infected websites and used fraudulent ads to spread malware via Phoenix and Eleonore exploit kits. Once installed, Zeus stole login credentials and redirected funds to money mules via a complex C&C infrastructure based in Eastern Europe. The sophisticated operation highlighted the evolving threats posed by organized cybercrime.
The document discusses upcoming FFIEC cybersecurity assessments for financial institutions and provides guidance. It notes that cybersecurity is essentially the same as information security, focusing on protecting digital data and infrastructure. It advises that institutions with a robust information security program in place addressing risk assessment and management will likely pass the cybersecurity assessments after some minor enhancements. The document provides an overview of frameworks like NIST's Cybersecurity Framework that can help institutions refine their programs to prepare.
Cyber-attacks are growing in sophistication and targeting banks more deeply. Recent cases show attackers have exploited security weaknesses to steal valid credentials and input fraudulent payment instructions. Combating fraud is a challenge that requires cooperation across the industry, as threats constantly evolve. SWIFT's Customer Security Program aims to support customers in strengthening security and fighting cyber-attacks.
Preparing today for tomorrow’s threats.
When companies hear the word “security,” what concepts come to mind
— safety, protection or perhaps comfort? To the average IT administrator,
security conjures up images of locked-down networks and virus-free devices.
An attacker, state-sponsored agent or hactivist, meanwhile, may view security
as a way to demonstrate expertise by infiltrating and bringing down corporate
or government networks for profit, military goals, political gain — or even fun.
We live in a world in which cybercrime is on the rise. A quick scan of the
timeline of major incidents (See Figure 1, Page 9) shows the increasing
frequency and severity of security breaches — a pattern that is likely
to continue for years to come. Few if any organizations are safe from
cybercriminals, to say nothing of national security. In fact, experts even
exposed authentication and encryption vulnerabilities in the U.S. Federal
Aviation Administration’s new state-of-the-art multibillion-dollar air
traffic control system
The Role of Information Security Policy Jessica Graf Assignment 1 Unit 8 IAS5020Jessica Graf
The document discusses the importance of developing an information security policy that balances security needs with business goals. It explains that a policy should be based on assessing risks and regulations while protecting assets like data, networks, and reputation. A good policy also considers factors like budget, priorities, and how security could impact customers. The goal is to implement controls that cost-effectively mitigate risks through confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information.
Advanced persistent threats (APTs) are sophisticated cyber attacks that can breach networks undetected for long periods of time. They trick users into opening infected emails or files that install malware allowing remote access. One company was hacked for a year before detecting unusual late-night data downloads. Countering APTs requires identifying existing threats, protecting critical assets, assessing security vulnerabilities, and developing a risk management plan that limits access while maintaining operations. A holistic organizational approach is needed that changes culture, policy, technology, budgets, and planning to systematically respond to evolving threats.
This document provides an introduction and overview of cybersecurity best practices for counties. It discusses the growing threat of cyber attacks faced by counties, citing examples of recent attacks on county governments. While counties store valuable personal and infrastructure data, 97% of breaches could have been prevented with basic security controls. The document advocates for an ongoing process of assessment, patching, and training (APT) to defend against advanced persistent threats (APT). This represents the best practices of regularly assessing systems for weaknesses, updating software, and educating all users. Counties must take cybersecurity seriously to protect data and operations from increasingly sophisticated cyber threats.
Perception Gaps in Cyber Resilience: What Are Your Blind Spots?Sarah Nirschl
Protecting enterprise systems against cyber threats is a strategic priority, yet only 42% of executives are confident they could recover without impacting their business from a cyber event. Find out the hidden risks of shadow IT, cloud and cyber insurance.
Event report from Cyber Security roundtable discussions held in 5 cities. Manila on 31August 2016, Jakarta 6 October 2016, Kuala Lumpur 21 October 2016, Singapore 27 October 2016 and Hong Kong 11 November 2016. Organised by CIO Academy Asia and its partner Fortinet.
With malware attacks growing more sophisticated, swift, and dangerous by the day — and billions of dollars spent to combat them — surprisingly few organizations have a grip on the problem. Only 20 percent of security professionals surveyed by Information Security Media Group (ISMG) rated their incident response program “very effective.” Nearly two-thirds struggle to detect APTs, limiting their ability to defend today’s most pernicious threats. In addition, more than 60 percent struggle with the speed of detection, and more than 40 percent struggle with the accuracy of detection. Those shortcomings give attackers more time to steal data and embed their malware deeper into targeted systems. For the latest threat intelligence reports, visit https://www.fireeye.com/current-threats/threat-intelligence-reports.html.
The document discusses cybersecurity challenges and capabilities in the insurance industry based on a survey conducted by Accenture Security. Some key findings include:
- Insurance companies have made progress in their cybersecurity capabilities but around 20% of attempted breaches are still successful, exposing risk.
- While insurance leaders are confident in their cyber defenses, attackers are becoming more sophisticated so overconfidence could be an issue.
- Insurance companies need to invest more in advanced technologies like AI and automation to keep up with cyber criminals.
- Achieving mastery in cybersecurity for insurance companies would mean things like identifying breaches quickly, involving more than just the security team, and focusing on the right performance metrics beyond just underwriting losses.
Brian Krebs provides five security insights: 1) Organizations should regularly pen test users as attackers already are; 2) Connected devices with IP addresses will eventually be hacked; 3) Organizations need to drill breach response in advance; 4) People need to actively work to secure and maintain privacy or they do not have privacy; 5) IoT is a national security priority given the firepower available to attackers. Brett Kelsey of Intel Security discussed cybersecurity numbers including average costs of breaches and time to detect breaches.
The document is a research report that compares insurance protection for tangible versus intangible assets. Some key findings:
1) Information assets are valued slightly higher on average ($1.082 billion) than tangible property, plant, and equipment ($947 million) but have much lower insurance coverage (15% vs 59%).
2) The potential maximum loss from information assets being stolen or destroyed is estimated to be higher on average ($979 million) than potential losses from tangible assets ($770 million).
3) Despite higher risks and potential losses to information assets, companies are reluctant to purchase cyber insurance and many would not disclose material losses of information assets in financial statements like they would for tangible assets.
Risk and Responsibility in a Hyperconnected World assesses cyber resilience and the impact of cyberattacks. It examines necessary action areas, analyzes response readiness through interviews and surveys, and sets out three alternative future scenarios. The report finds that cyberattacks pose strategic risks and could slow innovation worth $1-21 trillion. While large companies acknowledge interdependence, most lack mature cyber risk management processes. The report concludes collaborative action is needed across sectors to build cyber capabilities and develop a framework for participants to enhance resilience. It proposes a 14-point roadmap to facilitate cooperation.
Mark Lanterman - The Risk Report October 2015Mark Lanterman
The document discusses steps organizations can take to protect their digital assets and minimize risks of cyberattacks and data breaches. It recommends conducting regular digital security assessments, educating employees on security best practices, limiting unnecessary access to sensitive data, implementing policies around bring-your-own-devices, and auditing third party vendors. It also stresses the importance of regular data backups and developing an organizational culture of security.
The document discusses the growing security challenges faced by organizations and the need to close the gap between security (SecOps) and IT operations teams. It notes that the volume and complexity of cyberattacks have increased significantly. However, current security tools, processes, and teams are often unable to keep up due to a lack of integration and coordination between security and operations groups. This results in security vulnerabilities not being addressed quickly enough, leading to potential data breaches and other security incidents. The document argues that automating security and operations workflows can help eliminate inefficiencies and prioritize the remediation of the most critical issues.
This document discusses security threats that companies will face in 2020. It notes that cybercrime is increasing in frequency and severity. Emerging threats include the growth of connected devices and societies, vulnerabilities in medical devices, increased machine-to-machine interactions, reliance on mobile devices, growth of cloud services, and risks around big data. The document warns that security needs to protect all aspects of the enterprise from the data center to mobile devices and beyond. Adversaries are increasingly sophisticated and companies must manage security risks in a connected world.
This document summarizes the key findings of the 2006 CSI/FBI Computer Crime and Security Survey. The survey polled over 600 security professionals and found that:
1) Virus attacks and unauthorized access continued to be the largest sources of financial loss. Financial losses from laptop theft and stolen proprietary information were also significant.
2) Unauthorized computer use slightly decreased while reported computer security incidents to law enforcement increased after previous years of decline.
3) Most organizations evaluate security investments using metrics like return on investment, but many respondents said economic and risk management issues were most critical.
4) Over 80% of organizations conduct security audits but respondents felt more investment was still needed in security awareness training.
5)
The document discusses how IT has evolved from centralized mainframe computing to today's hybrid environment of distributed data centers, virtualization, and cloud computing. This has provided flexibility but also increased complexity in management. The key challenges are centralizing management across platforms, redefining service level agreements for varied infrastructure, and gaining insight into an increasingly distributed IT environment to ensure performance and responsiveness.
Cybercriminals used Zeus malware and exploit kits to steal close to £675,000 from 3000 customer accounts of a major UK bank. They infected websites and used fraudulent ads to spread malware via Phoenix and Eleonore exploit kits. Once installed, Zeus stole login credentials and redirected funds to money mules via a complex C&C infrastructure based in Eastern Europe. The sophisticated operation highlighted the evolving threats posed by organized cybercrime.
The document analyzes the effectiveness of antivirus software against the Zeus malware by examining statistics from millions of consumer PCs. It finds that over half of Zeus infections occurred on PCs with up-to-date antivirus software installed. A quantitative analysis determines that having up-to-date antivirus reduces the risk of Zeus infection by only 23% compared to having no antivirus at all. This reveals that antivirus software is failing to detect and block the majority of real-world Zeus infections.
Quarterly Marketing Call Presentation 1 22 10Scientia Groups
This document provides an agenda and summary for a Central Region Quarterly Partner Marketing Call that took place on January 22, 2010. The call included welcome and introductions, a presentation on 30 marketing tips to drive pipeline from The Partner Marketing Group, a Dynamics update, and a Q&A session. Attendees had a chance to win a $10 Starbucks gift card by completing a survey after the call. The Dynamics update discussed the upcoming annual Dynamics customer conference in April and a Big Easy V4 incentive program.
Dat zet zoden…
Het Utrechtse Ojik, oftewel Odijk, is sinds 1964 onderdeel van de gemeente Bunnik. Met z’n bijna 5500 inwoners is het een gemoedelijk maar tegelijkertijd modern dorp, centraal gelegen en met alle faciliteiten binnen de dorpsgrenzen of er net overheen. Je woont er ontspannen, omringd door de gevarieerde natuur waarvan fruitteelt een bloeiend onderdeel is. Zeker in het voorjaar en in de zomer kun je vanuit Odijk de fraaie omgeving tot je tweede thuis maken. Lopend of op de fiets is het iedere keer opnieuw een fantastische ontdekkingstocht langs bijvoorbeeld de wandelroute van de Kromme Rijn of de fietsroute over de Langbroekerdijk richting Middeleeuwse kastelen en unieke buitenplaatsen. Ook de andere kant op, richting fort Rhijnauwen en landgoed Amelisweerd is het volop genieten van het uitgestrekte groen in een unieke natuur. De stadse geneugten, zoals een drankje aan de grachten van het levendige Utrecht zijn ook per fiets prima bereikbaar.
Aan de rand van Odijk loopt de Singel, die het dorp als het ware omarmt. De ruime geschakelde woning op nummer 101 gedijt er aangenaam in het vele omliggende groen. Deze semibungalow kent een levensloopbestendige opzet, maar is ook zeer geschikt voor een gezin met kinderen.
De basis van de heerlijk lichte, L-vormige living wordt gevormd door een parketvloer, een breukstenen muur en ingebouwde gashaard. In de erker is het goed toeven, met een prettige lichtinval van 3 kanten, en is ruim van opzet. Je hebt rondom zicht op de royale tuin.
De gesloten keuken staat in een hoekopstelling. Achter de keuken is een provisieruimte gesitueerd; onverwacht bezoek kan altijd blijven eten wanneer je daar je voorraad bewaart. Vanuit de keuken loop je ook direct de fraaie tuin in. Deze ligt gunstig op het zuidoosten dus zowel ontbijt, lunch als diner kun je met mooi weer heerlijk op het terras nuttigen. In de ochtend of bij wat frisser maar zonnig weer is het in de keuken heerlijk ontbijten.
De ouderslaapkamer en de badkamer liggen op de begane grond. Via de badkamer komt u in de garage, waar de wasmachine-aansluiting zit. Vanuit de woonkamer leidt een vaste trap naar de eerste verdieping waar een overloop toegang biedt tot drie kamers met extra bergruimte.
Singel 101 ligt in een rustige woonomgeving, en ook in het huis zelf is het heerlijk rustig. Naast de woning is een ruime garage aangebouwd. Hoewel je auto er prima onderdak zou vinden, zal deze stalling in de praktijk waarschijnlijk vooral plaats bieden aan bijvoorbeeld de fietsen en het tuingereedschap.
De auto parkeer je dan op je eigen oprit.
Het knusse centrum van het dorp heeft onder andere twee goed gesorteerde supermarkten. Voor uitgebreider boodschappen doen kun je terecht in omliggende gemeenten als Bunnik, Zeist en natuurlijk Utrecht.
….aan de (O)dijk
System Center Essentials 2010 and Data Protection Manager 2010 are new Microsoft products focused on management and protection of IT infrastructure in mid-sized organizations. System Center Essentials 2010 provides integrated management of physical and virtual servers, PCs, software and services from a single console. It allows for virtualization, software deployment, monitoring and asset tracking. Data Protection Manager 2010 focuses on backup and recovery of Windows servers and clients. Both products aim to help small IT departments more easily manage infrastructure compared to larger enterprise products. Microsoft sees a significant partner opportunity in selling these solutions to mid-sized customers.
System Center 2012 R2 - Enterprise AutomationScientia Groups
This document discusses using System Center Orchestrator to automate IT processes. It describes how Orchestrator can be used to automate tasks like application deployments, patch remediation, and user provisioning to reduce manual work and errors. The document provides an overview of Orchestrator and automation concepts. It also offers best practices for planning an automation strategy, including identifying which processes would benefit most from automation and ensuring technical feasibility. Examples are given around automating simple monthly tasks and automating incident remediation to calculate potential return on investment from automation.
The document provides an executive summary and key findings of the 2013 (ISC)2 Global Information Security Workforce Study, which surveyed over 12,000 information security professionals worldwide. Some of the main points from the summary are:
- The information security profession is large, growing, and dynamic as it must adapt to changing IT environments and evolving threats.
- While the field remains stable, there are shortages of professionals. Knowledge and certification are important for career success.
- Application vulnerabilities are the top security concern, followed by malware and mobile devices.
- While attack response is expected to be rapid, security incident preparedness may be strained.
- Information security professionals are seen as more important than
Prof m01-2013 global information security workforce study - finalSelectedPresentations
The document summarizes key findings from a survey of over 12,000 information security professionals conducted in 2012. Some of the main findings include:
1) Application vulnerabilities, malware, and mobile devices were the top security concerns. Concern over cloud-based services also increased significantly since the previous survey in 2011.
2) Information security is seen as a stable career path, but workforce shortages persist. Knowledge and certification are important for career success and advancement.
3) While attack remediation is believed to be rapid, preparedness for security incidents showed signs of strain, with twice as many respondents saying preparedness had worsened compared to 2011.
Security - intelligence - maturity-model-ciso-whitepaperCMR WORLD TECH
This document discusses the need for organizations to shift from a prevention-focused approach to cybersecurity to one focused on rapid detection and response. It notes that most organizations have mean times to detect threats of weeks or months, leaving critical systems vulnerable. The document introduces the concept of security intelligence and outlines a threat detection and response lifecycle that organizations should optimize to reduce their mean time to detect and respond to threats. This involves processes like discovering threats, qualifying them, investigating incidents, and mitigating risks.
This document provides information about Module 002 of the course IT 411 - Information Assurance and Security 2. The module aims to examine fundamental computer security techniques and identify potential security issues. It covers topics like cryptography, application security, incident response, risk assessment, and compliance with regulations. The module outlines learning objectives, outcomes, resources, tasks, content items, and assessments. It also includes detailed lessons on topics like the financial impacts of cybercrime, developing a security strategy using the 10 steps approach, techniques for protecting against attacks like examining the perimeter and network segregation, and methods for detecting attacks through logging.
This document discusses ways to improve cybersecurity cooperation between the governments of the United States and Japan. It examines how the two governments are currently organized for cybersecurity issues and how they coordinate. There are gaps in how policies and plans are implemented in practice for information sharing, law enforcement, and incident response. The document provides recommendations in four areas: 1) Establishing exchange positions between cybersecurity teams in the US and Japan and increasing videoconferences and meetings. 2) Improving cooperation between US and Japanese militaries on network security. 3) Leveraging existing frameworks for disaster response to improve public-private cooperation on cyber incidents. 4) Surveying private sector collaboration to share best practices.
This global study, conducted by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) and sponsored by Palo Alto Networks, sheds light on the ways business leaders are dealing with the increasing volume of threats they face from insecurities that arise because of disruption beyond their corporate borders.
For in-depth interviews from industry leaders on how companies are combating security threats, go to https://goo.gl/fXcnLN
Guide to high volume data sources for SIEMJoseph DeFever
The document discusses the need for security teams to have access to more data from a variety of sources to address evolving security challenges. As adversaries become more motivated by lucrative opportunities and employ more evasive and patient attack methods, security teams need more context from diverse data sources to identify unknown threats, investigate long dwell times, and combat evasion techniques. Both basic attacks exploiting misconfigurations and advanced attacks require security teams to maintain visibility across on-premises and cloud environments and access security-relevant data for detections, investigations, and responses. High-profile examples that illustrate the need for more data include cloud-based data breaches, sophisticated supply chain attacks, and evolving ICS/SCADA and IoT attacks.
- The majority of respondents (73%) are aware of the Critical Security Controls and have adopted or plan to adopt them.
- The top drivers for adopting the Controls are improving visibility of attacks, improving response capabilities, and reducing security risks.
- The greatest barriers to implementing the Controls are operational silos within organizations and a lack of security training.
- Most organizations have performed initial gap assessments of their security posture compared to the Controls, but over 70% rely heavily on manual processes for assessments.
Discussion Questions The difficulty in predicting the future is .docxduketjoy27252
Discussion Questions
: “The difficulty in predicting the future is that the outcomes are unreliable, due to the occurrence of wild-card events that distort the relatively well-understand trends for the near to mid-future.” Offer an example of such a “wild-card” event and some ways in which the security professional might address it in an effective manner. Regarding the need for the security industry as a whole to maintain the professionalism and competencies needed to address emerging threats and hazards, what do you feel are its primary areas of weakness and what proposals could you offer to address them?
The Future of the Security
When considering what awaits the security profession in the years to come and those that will operate within it, developments and forecasts related to security science will in large part be impacted by what has occurred in the past and in present day. What
might
occur, what is most
plausible
and
feasible
given current and expected occurrences, and what has proven to be effective (or not) will all need to be considered in determining those issues that will remain relevant or change. So predicting the future (not in the form of Nostradamus or similar prophets) as it relates to security is a technique that considers probable or desirable outcomes in the face of known or anticipated risks. So given this backdrop, where is security heading?
Physical Security
As long as there are structures that people operate within and house various assets, there will continue to be a need to offer needed protection related to them. All of the topics discussed in this course related to walls, fencing, sensors, alarm systems, guards, locks, and other such issues will be needed in some form or fashion. Whether through manual or technological means, these will remain a constant for the security administrator in providing appropriate defensive measures for the material, tangible assets they oversee. Concerning technology, the same trend will continue in serving as a needed aid in providing security moving forward. Mobile devices of various types, functions, capabilities, and their ability to access data, the ever-increasing use of robotics and the functions they can carry out, sensors that will be able to gain more intelligence regarding detection, and high frequency security cameras that will have the capability to verify the chemical compound of an object at a distance are just some of the many technical innovations on the horizon. Yet, just as technology has taken on a greater role in providing these efforts, so too does technology represent ever-increasing concerns to the security manager.
Cyber Security
As society becomes connected on an ever-increasing basis, attention must be directed towards what implications this environment has related to not only security, but related privacy concerns as well. In
Future Scenarios and Challenges for Security and Privacy
(2016, Williams, Axon, Nurse, & Creese), the researchers took a ver.
SANS 2013 Report on Critical Security Controls Survey: Moving From Awareness ...FireEye, Inc.
The law of unintended consequences strikes again. In an effort to address security risks in enterprise IT systems and the critical data in them, numerous security standards and requirement frameworks have emerged over the years. But most of these efforts have had the opposite effect — diverting organizations’ limited resources away from actual cyber defense toward reports and compliance.
Recognizing this serious problem, the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA) in 2008 launched Critical Security Controls (CSCs), a prioritized list of controls likely to have the greatest impact in protecting organizations from evolving real-world threats. This SANS Institute survey of nearly 700 IT professionals across a range of industries examines how well the CSCs are known in government and industry and how they are being used.
For the latest threat intelligence reports, visit https://www.fireeye.com/current-threats/threat-intelligence-reports.html.
Improving Collaboration Through Identity ManagementGov BizCouncil
Driven by recent events and several White House and Congressional directives, federal agencies are focused on identity management like never before. With all this pressure, agency leaders face a difficult task ensuring secure access to agency resources by the right people, at the right time, and for the right reasons, without restricting the organization’s operational effectiveness.
Cyber Security Trends - Where the Industry Is Heading in an UncertaintyOrganization
The document discusses cyber security trends for 2021. Key points include:
- Cyber threats increased during the pandemic as remote work became standard. Hackers targeted vulnerabilities from limited remote security and careless employees.
- Companies need to implement data access plans to restrict what information employees can access and send.
- Threats like phishing, RDP attacks, weak passwords, and DDoS attacks expanded in scope and became more dangerous.
- Addressing the global cyber skills gap and developing cyber security professionals with both technical and leadership skills is a priority.
LD7009 Information Assurance And Risk Management.docxstirlingvwriters
The document discusses information assurance and risk management policies for Cerious Cybernetics Corporation. It identifies several key risks to the organization, including malware, password theft, traffic interception, phishing attacks, denial of service attacks, and SQL injection. It recommends that Cerious Cybernetics develop a robust information assurance policy addressing availability, integrity, authentication, non-repudiation, and confidentiality. The policy should include regular risk assessments, a risk management plan, security procedures, and staff training to help protect the organization from cyber threats.
The document discusses cyber security cooperation between India and the United States. It outlines how the two countries signed an MOU to promote closer cooperation on cyber security issues and the timely exchange of cyber threat information. This agreement establishes best practices for cooperation between the two governments on technical and operational cyber security issues. The document also examines some of the challenges to achieving global cooperation on cyber security, such as the lack of common terminology, legal frameworks, and dismantling the perception of cyber security as a domestic issue only.
Cyber Risk Quantification for Employees | Safe SecurityRahul Tyagi
Humans
the weakest link in cybersecurity
“Amateurs hack systems, professionals hack people.”
Companies are built by the people it hires, yet, if you
ask the Chief Information Security Officer about their
weakest link, more often than not, they will say that it’s
the very same people that make the company.
Furthermore, according to a report by CybSafe’s
analysis of data from the UK Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO), human error was the cause of
approximately 90% of data breaches in 2019!
How to quantify human risk in your organization visit : https://www.safe.security/safe/people/
This document summarizes interviews with cybersecurity professionals about the current state of cyber risks. The interviewees discuss how senior leaders' understanding of cyber risk has improved but still faces challenges from technical complexity and uncertainty. The biggest barriers to protection are underfunding security and lack of user awareness training. A "bad day" would involve a major data breach or systems outage. The threats of organized crime, state-sponsored attacks, and exploiting human weaknesses will continue to evolve rapidly. Information sharing and early education are opportunities to stay ahead of this threat.
This document provides a summary of findings from Hewlett Packard Enterprise's (HPE) annual assessment of the capabilities and maturity of cyber defense organizations. Some key findings include that only 15% of assessed organizations have achieved recommended maturity levels, the median maturity level remains below optimal, and adoption of hybrid infrastructure, staffing models, and automation has increased due to skills shortages and the need to monitor complex IT environments. HPE believes that most organizations should target a maturity level of 3, defined processes, but that truly innovative security operations are moving towards threat hunting, data analytics, and intelligence sharing.
State of Security Operations 2016 report of capabilities and maturity of cybe...at MicroFocus Italy ❖✔
As businesses continue to adopt new cloud and mobile functionality rapidly, we find the
edges of the network even more blurred, and our definitions of data ownership and breach
responsibility continue to evolve. Staffing and training continue to be the foremost challenge
of the modern SOC. This is paving the way to hybrid staffing models and hybrid infrastructures
that require less in-house expertise. As a result, highly skilled security team members can then
be utilized for a more specialized hunt and analytics-focused work.
There is no question this year has been both an exciting and challenging time to be in the field
of cyber security. On one hand, it is disheartening to see the continued decline in the maturity
and effectiveness of security operations, while, on the other, I know that we are in the middle
of an exciting and transformative change in our field. You can feel it. We must go where the
data leads us, and we believe that is to widen our definition of security operations to leverage
analytics, data science, Big Data, and shared intelligence to become more effective in protecting
today’s digital enterprise.
System Center 2012 Orchestrator R2 - Enterprise IT AutomationScientia Groups
This document discusses using System Center 2012 R2 Orchestrator to automate IT processes. It presents Orchestrator as a tool for automating self-service user requests, application deployments, and other routine IT tasks. The document provides examples of how Orchestrator can be used to automate monthly tasks, reduce time spent on incident remediation, and help IT teams focus on more strategic work. It advises readers to identify processes that are most time-consuming or critical to service levels when determining what to automate with Orchestrator runbooks.
System Center Endpoint Protection 2012 R2 provides comprehensive malware protection and simplified administration capabilities. It features a common antimalware platform across Microsoft clients, proactive protection against known and unknown threats through endpoint inspection, and support for heterogeneous platforms including Windows, Mac, and Linux. While it faces some challenges from competitors like Trend Micro in testing scores and feature breadth, Microsoft leverages other Windows security features and benefits from its large malware sample collection through consumer products.
Brute forcing Wi-Fi Protected Setup
Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) was designed to simplify wireless security configuration but contains flaws that allow attackers to gain access to secured networks. The document outlines two major design flaws: 1) The external registrar configuration does not require authentication, allowing brute force PIN attacks. 2) The protocol leaks information about incorrect PIN digits, reducing the maximum attempts needed from 10 million to 20 thousand. WPS is enabled by default on many devices, exposing networks to these attacks despite otherwise sufficient security configurations.
This document defines cloud computing and provides a taxonomy for cloud service and deployment models. It describes the five essential characteristics of cloud computing as on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service. It outlines three cloud service models - Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). It also describes four deployment models for operating cloud services - Private cloud, Community cloud, Public cloud, and Hybrid cloud. The purpose is to establish a common framework for understanding and comparing cloud computing technologies and services.
Delivering a secure and fast boot experience with uefiScientia Groups
The document discusses improving the boot experience on devices. It proposes enhancing security during boot by running firmware checks and anti-malware software early in the process. It also suggests optimizing graphics output for a clean branding experience and seamless transition from firmware to the operating system driver. Design guidance is provided for transitioning from legacy BIOS to the more modern UEFI standard, which offers benefits like larger storage capacity limits and a 32/64-bit architecture.
1. The document provides best practices for securing a home network, including keeping the Windows and Apple operating systems up-to-date, using a comprehensive security suite, limiting administrator accounts, and enabling encryption on devices.
2. It recommends securing the wireless network with WPA2 encryption instead of the weaker WEP standard.
3. Maintaining updated software, using strong passwords, and practicing safe browsing habits are also emphasized as ways for home users to bolster their network security.
Projecting Enterprise Security Requirements on the CloudScientia Groups
The presentation discussed enterprise security risks and requirements when projecting workloads to the cloud. It identified seven main risks, including insecure APIs, logical multi-tenancy issues, data protection, and lack of access controls. It noted that enterprises have direct control over some risks but little control over others like multi-tenancy and provider threats. The presentation explored cloud access models using brokers to provide a single entry point and normalize credentials and policies. It also described using a virtual gateway to secure access to private and public clouds through protocols, load balancing, and token generation.
2010 1 22 Partner Marketing Call Welcome Rotating DeckScientia Groups
This document provides information from a Central Region Quarterly Partner Marketing Call, including the agenda, audio information, marketing initiatives, tips, Dynamics updates, and Q&A. It encourages partners to visit websites for events and blogs and provides a communications plan and guidance on managing profiles and feedback. The document also lists upcoming briefings, calls, and webinars and provides information on marketing campaigns, offers, incentives and resources for partners.
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
Introducing Milvus Lite: Easy-to-Install, Easy-to-Use vector database for you...Zilliz
Join us to introduce Milvus Lite, a vector database that can run on notebooks and laptops, share the same API with Milvus, and integrate with every popular GenAI framework. This webinar is perfect for developers seeking easy-to-use, well-integrated vector databases for their GenAI apps.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
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“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
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GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
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A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
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- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
Monitoring Java Application Security with JDK Tools and JFR Events
CISO Survey Report 2010
1. The 2010 State of Cybersecurity from the
Federal CISO’s Perspective — An (ISC)2 Report
Garcia StrateGieS, LLc
2. The 2010 State of Cybersecurity from the Federal CISO’s Perspective –
An (ISC)2® Report
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In May 2009, President Barack Obama, in the first-ever presidential speech dedicated entirely to cybersecurity, proclaimed
that the nation’s digital infrastructure should be considered a “strategic national asset.” Those weighty words affirmed what
specialists in the Internet security field have long recognized and built careers around. But the fact that those words were
uttered by the President of the United States in a nationally televised address ushered in a new era of national awareness –
and perhaps government activism — about the ongoing and pervasive vulnerabilities and threats that government, business,
academic and personal users face in our online world every day.
The federal government’s cadre of chief information security officers (CISOs) – no strangers to the ebb and flow of political
tides that affect their mission – currently view this emergent national awareness with an ambivalent mix of hope and wonder.
They see greater awareness but still insufficient resources to protect
“There is more attention to and
our networks; better tools and training but increasing threats and
awareness of the magnitude of
attacks on our infrastructures; and more security initiatives within and
the problem; attention leads to
across the agencies, but organizational structures not yet equipped to
resources and action.”
get ahead of our adversaries and our own operational flaws.
We are seeing measurable progress; indeed, trend lines are favorable, as suggested in the survey findings of the second annual
“State of Cybersecurity from the Federal CISO’s Perspective – An (ISC)2 Report”. A joint effort between (ISC)2, Cisco and
Garcia Strategies, this report is intended as a tool to track developments in our ability to assess and protect the security
of those strategic national assets entrusted to our public servants. On the front lines of this ongoing battle are the nation’s
federal CISOs, and we present these findings to reflect their views for the benefit of their peers, policymakers and the public.
KEY SURVEY FINDINGS
If there is one theme that characterizes the results of this year’s survey, we turn to the well-known aphorism by Socrates
- “know thyself” - which suggests that in order for us to truly understand the world, we must first understand ourselves.
In cybersecurity, this means that awareness of our challenges and opportunities is the first step toward being able to do
something about it - to change the status quo.
2
3. Garcia StrateGieS, LLc
This survey organizes CISOs’ perspectives into four categories: security posture, workforce effectiveness, resources and tools
and policy and emerging initiatives.
First, what federal CISOs see in the nation’s security posture in 2010 is not significantly different from that reported in 2009.
Half believe we’re better off than last year, while the other half see that we’re worse off or no better in our ability to protect
our networks.
Half of the CISOs in 2010, fewer than in 2009, report that they feel they have a significant ability to impact the security
posture of their agency. Yet they continue to see vulnerabilities and incidents. They identify software, poorly trained users
and/or insider threats as continuing problems that they rate as even more severe than external threats such as nation states,
Website vulnerabilities and spear phishing.
Looking at security through the lens of workforce effectiveness, CISOs continue to show overall satisfaction with their jobs,
yet their job requirements have evolved beyond the technical, with half of the respondents being asked to deliver more
managerial, policy and political responsibilities in their roles. So they rely heavily on well-trained staff with highly valued
professional certifications and are turning to Scholarship for Service students and contractor conversions for many of their
hiring needs.
Outside of their own control, CISOs must rely on a variety of internal and external tools and resources to get their jobs
done – whether it’s technology, Congressional funding, bureaucratic operations or cross-agency protective initiatives. Among
these areas, CISOs’ satisfaction is mixed. They continue to deploy intrusion detection and intrusion prevention technologies
and, compared to 2009, have an improved view of the cross-agency “Einstein” IDS/IPS program managed by the Department
of Homeland Security’s U.S.-CERT. And while many are taking advantage of the Information Systems Security Line of Business
(ISS-LOB), only 10 percent are satisfied with their own agency HR and procurement operations to facilitate their mission
execution, and even less have any confidence in the ability of Congress to understand their mission and provide adequate
resources.
These results square with CISOs’ perspectives about policy and emerging initiatives, in which more than half of the CISOs
would advise the new White House Cybersecurity Coordinator, Professor Howard A. Schmidt, CISSP, CSSLP, Fellow of (ISC)2,
to place increased agency funding and enforcement of security mandates at the top of his priority list. This suggests the
need for a strong and proactive educational outreach strategy with Congress. As for emerging initiatives, cloud computing
3
4. may be a part of a broad government initiative, but almost ¾ of respondents admit they’re not using the cloud because of the
range of security concerns they need to understand before deploying their data and applications in the cloud. Those same
concerns, however, have not stopped adoption of Web 2.0 social networking applications to enhance the ubiquity and usability
of government services. Seventy-eight percent of CISOs who use Web 2.0 services say they have enforced security policies in
place, suggesting considerable alignment of new services with security policies.
RECOMMENDATIONS
These survey results suggest that, from a broad perspective, the issue of cybersecurity has matured in the minds of the
American public and the federal stewards of our information infrastructure, such that we are coming to “know thyself,”
with the awareness of our challenges as a starting point for improvement. From the results of this survey and the trends
that emerged from last year’s report and other sources, we can advance a few key recommendations that will build on the
progress CISOs have made over the last several years.
First, if our digital infrastructure is indeed a strategic national asset, then it is incumbent upon Congress to give CISOs
sufficient funding to protect government networks. Digital pennies can save us analog dollars. Then, CISOs must use the
appropriate tools for measuring risk and security and be held accountable for meeting their agency’s mission requirements.
They cannot be held accountable for poorly defined and unfunded mandates.
Second, CISOs need to be given the flexibility and creativity it takes to be competitive with the private sector in recruiting
qualified and motivated staff. While CISOs clearly see certifications as an important measure of qualification, other factors like
the ability to offer strong in-house training and hands-on experience must factor into hiring decisions. Third, CISOs and the
government officials who support them need to do a better job of educating the Congress about the business case for how
better security will improve government services, reduce costs for software maintenance and incident response and protect
critical, sensitive data. If they succeed, the additional attention they receive from lawmakers may raise their visibility within
their organizations and result in better operational support from functions such as human resources and procurement.
Finally, consistent with one of the recommendations we made in 2009, there needs to be a continuing and stronger emphasis
on protection and management of data, distinct from focusing too heavily on threats and attacks. As practitioners, CISOs
report that they can maintain strong security in a way that protects privacy without infringing upon it, that we can have
an open government policy of transparency while keeping security policies in place to protect sensitive information
and that outsourcing services to the cloud does not mean outsourcing truly critical data. Decisions on security policy
and implementation need to be considered through this prism of data management imperatives.
4
5. Garcia StrateGieS, LLc
SURVEY DETAILS
DESPITE INCREASING ATTENTION TO TOOLS AND METRICS,THREATS STILL LOOM
Federal CISOs are seeing greater awareness of their
Most Useful Metric Tools
Most Useful Metric Tools
missions but not enough improvement in the security
11% CAG - 31% posture of the federal domain. Almost 50 percent
3%
31% SCAP - 27.5%
of respondents say they have significant ability
NIST 800-53 - 27.5%
27.5% FISMA - 3% to impact the security of their organization, but the
Other - 11% same number say the security problem is either worse
27.5%
or the same as it was one year ago. But CISOs believe
we are potentially poised to see much better gains
in our security posture. As one CISO observed, “There is more attention to and awareness of the magnitude of the problem;
attention leads to resources and action.”
“Metrics are unclear because of
To build on their ability to improve their agency’s security posture,
our inability to link compliance
CISOs point to several useful tools in their arsenal. The Consensus Audit
with reduction of impact.”
Guidelines (CAG), Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP) and the
NIST 800-53 guidelines all receive high marks for being most useful.
In addition, they almost universally (94 percent) believe that the government should include specific, mandatory security
requirements in every major IT procurement. In this environment, 85 percent of these practitioners reported that continuous
monitoring is the most useful metric for measuring the level of security. However, the ongoing evolution of threats makes
measurement of our progress difficult. As one CISO observed, “Metrics are unclear because of our inability to link compliance
with reduction of impact.”
Asked to rank the number one threat in terms of severity, 27 percent identified exploitable software vulnerabilities, followed
by 24 percent for insiders. Interestingly, however, 43 percent of CISOs blame insecure software for less than a quarter
of detected security breaches. Only one in 15
Most SevereThreats
Most Severe Threats respondents was able to claim that 75-100 percent
6% Exploitable Software Vulnerabilities - 27% of those breaches were due to insecure software. This
12% 27% Insiders - 24% suggests a possible anomaly based on the complexity
Foreign Nation State - 21%
9% of managing multi-layered network security – that widely
Website Vulnerability -9%
24% Poorly Trained Users -12% held assumptions about software vulnerabilities aren’t
21%
Spear Phishing - 6%
easily linked to attributable security incidents.
5
6. THE NEED FOR FLEXIBILITY IN MANAGING OUR MOST IMPORTANT ASSET
Many organizations today, whether government or private sector, have adopted the mantra, “people are our most important
asset.” It is no different among federal CISOs, whether they’re concerned with their own job satisfaction or the quality of the
people they need to manage their infrastructure. When asked about their level of job satisfaction, 63 percent of the CISOs
confirmed they were either satisfied or very satisfied with their jobs, which is attributable in part to their strong belief that
they have a significant impact on the security of their organizations. A motivated workforce is often a successful one.
Solution or Problem?
CISOs See Their Duties Becoming More: Still, half of the CISOs see their jobs
taking on more managerial, policy and
Technical 25.8% political elements on top of their existing
technical duties, and they know they
Managerial 51.6%
can’t do it all alone. They, accordingly,
Political-/ 54.8% lean significantly on a well-trained and
Policy-Oriented
experienced staff. Sixty-eight percent
0 20 40 60 80 100 of respondents say they have adequate
Technical Managerial Political- / Policy-Oriented training resources, but equally important
to them are professional certifications, which more than 70 percent ranked as high or very high in importance when hiring or
promoting employees. A similar number believe that security certifications should be mandatory for security professionals
across the government. This tracks closely with 2009 data, which showed 75 percent of CISOs advocating mandatory
certifications across the government. The most prevalent certification held among the CISOs responding is the CISSP® (62
percent), followed by CISM (25 percent) and NSA-IAM (13 percent).
Looking ahead to staff augmentation, CISOs estimate that contractor conversions and the private sector will each make up
30 percent of their hires, with a similar number from internal sources. In terms of tapping the talent of our next generation’s
workforce in the Scholarship for Service (SFS) program, 44 percent of the CISOs expect to hire one to five SFS students,
CISOs SeeTheir Duties Becoming More:
12 percent will hire more than six, while another 44 percent will not take advantage of this resource.
OUTSIDE RESOURCES: PART OF THE SOLUTION OR PART OF THE PROBLEM?
54.8%
This is likely the question many CISOs regularly ask about the outside influences that can help or hurt execution of their
mission – whether it’s their internal HR and procurement department, security lines of business which allow agencies to
outsource security expertise to other agencies, the DHS Einstein and TIC program for monitoring network traffic in and out
of the .gov domain or mission authorization and appropriations from Congress.
6
7. Garcia StrateGieS, LLc
Solution oror Problem?
Solution Problem? Looking at the numbers, CISOs
are showing more confidence
Einstein and TIC 27% 54% 19% in the Einstein program, which was
characterized in last year’s report
Procurement and HR 40% 50% 10%
as frustrating and too externally
Congress 56% 37% 7% focused. In 2010, almost ¾ of
the respondents report they are
0 20 40 60 80 100 satisfied to somewhat satisfied
Not Satisfied Somewhat Satisfied Very Satisfied with this cross-agency intrusion
detection/prevention program,
which may be due in part by the fact that the same number are complementing the effort with the use of IDS and IPS on
their networks, as well as automated ID management and many other sophisticated security tools.
Relying on others to support their efforts, CISOs are outsourcing select security expertise to other agencies through the
ISS-LOB, with 62 percent participating in the program and 10 percent serving as lines of business for other agencies.† That
level of CISO confidence, however, is not so strong among their own agency human resources and procurement functions,
which they depend on for timely and high-quality hiring and technology acquisitions, with 40 percent expressing no satisfaction
with those performance functions. Similarly, when it comes time to “show me the money,” 57 percent of CISOs are not
confident that Congress understands their mission well enough to provide sufficient funding – either for hiring or technology.
There may be some promising signs, however, in pending legislation that recognizes these recruitment challenges by requiring
an annual report on hiring effectiveness.
HEY, YOU, GET ON TO MY CLOUD How the Cloud Enables Security
How the Cloud Enables Security
The continual march of technology brings a stampede
11.1% ID-RBAC - 40.7%
of vulnerabilities. CISOs must constantly assess how new Architecture improvements - 37%
11.1%
technologies and capabilities can enable or enhance their 40.7% Improved failover and
service-level performance - 11.1%
agency missions without introducing new, unacceptable Other - 11.1%
37%
risks. Looking at some of these emerging technologies
facing CISOs, cloud computing and Web 2.0 services
† The ISS-LOB designates agencies as “shared service centers” for lines of business in FISMA reporting; certification and accreditation;
IT security awareness training; and Trusted Internet Connections Access Providers (TICAPs).
7
8. Biggest Security Concerns with the Cloud
Biggest Security Concerns with the Cloud show business promise but security peril. 72 percent
3.6% of CISOs in the survey report that they do not yet
Replicating security policy - 44.8%
10.3% use cloud computing because of the high levels of
Data Loss prevention - 20.7%
10.3% 44.8% Adapt Einstein/TIC - 10.3% uncertainty around being able to replicate IT security
10.3% COOP Compliance -10.3%
policy in the cloud (45 percent) and data loss prevention
HSPD 12 -10.3%
20.7% Other - 3.6% (21 percent).
Those who see promise in cloud computing, conversely,
also see potential for improving security, particularly
through ID-based network solutions that employ role-based access controls, or RBAC (41 percent), as well as design
improvements that enable the cloud with a strategic architecture (37 percent). All CISOs reporting that they do use cloud
computing services for mission delivery say they have enforced security policies in place, which suggests there could be some
useful templates in place as reference for other CISOs wanting to explore their options.
While experience continues to show that we need to be circumspect in the use of Web 2.0, social networking and P2P
technologies, many CISOs see less complication in the security issues surrounding them, as 62 percent are using those
services as part of their mission delivery system. Almost 80 percent of those using those services claim to have enforced
security policies in place. This suggests a general recognition of the power of those tools in implementing the Obama
Administration’s Open Government initiative as long as there is control over distributed usage among employees. The Marine
Corps, for example, announced on March 29, 2010, that it is lifting the ban on the use of social networking to allow those out
in the field to maintain communications with home.
In balancing the sometimes competing demands between information transparency and protection and information security
and privacy, responding CISOs do not feel as conflicted as the policy debates would suggest. Three-quarters of CISOs report
that they have data security
White House CybersecurityCoordinator for a Day
White House Cybersecurity Coordinator for a Day policies in place to balance
Recommended Highest Priorities
Recommended Highest Priorities
the needs of transparency and
3% 7% Improve agency funding for and enforcement of security mandates - 21%
21% TIC & Einstein deployment and implementation - 21% information protection. About
9%
Expand cyber cordination to states and private sector - 18% the same number do not
9% Public awareness -12%
believe that privacy protections
12% Develop a national cyber incident response capability - 9%
21%
Develop a national cyber training institute - 9% undermine the needs of security
18%
International collaboration and deterrence strategy - 3% or that security monitoring
Other - 7 %
technologies necessarily
8
9. Garcia StrateGieS, LLc
encroach on privacy rights. This perhaps goes to the heart of reconciling what we are trying to protect versus what we are
trying to stop.
Finally, CISOs were asked to be the White House Cybersecurity Coordinator for a day and make recommendations for what
should be the highest priorities for that office. Not surprisingly, improved agency funding ranks highest, followed by effective
TIC/Einstein deployment to protect agency networks. Almost as many – 18 percent – acknowledge the importance of
expanding cybersecurity coordination to states and the private sector.
CONCLUSION
In our vastly interconnected digital world, national understanding of “cybersecurity” as an issue and a discipline has evolved
from ignorance to discovery, to what is now sober yet somewhat disorganized attention. CISOs, policymakers, corporate
America and the general public are each at different stages of “knowing thyself” – knowing their risks and responsibilities
in the digital infrastructure. Our challenge is to coalesce around a shared understanding and a unity of purpose toward
a security regimen that in the end becomes habit.
The good news from the survey is that CISOs know what their challenges are, and most have a firm understanding of what
needs to be done to overcome them. They know they need to build a workforce with a diversity of talents, using a variety
of technological tools. They’re also aware that their biggest threat continues to come from internal vulnerabilities. Moreover,
knowing that their success depends on a network of support mechanisms within and outside their agencies, such as security
lines of business or US-CERT’s Einstein program, many federal CISOs express a general sense of cautious optimism.
But they know we’re not there yet. Less auspicious in the findings is the fact that we’ve not yet organized that awareness
into an effective culture of cybersecurity across the government’s political and operational communities. CISOs understand
they’re working in an environment where all of the moving parts, such as agency business operations, Congressional buy-in and
funding, evolving technologies and standards of practice, need to be moving together in the same direction.Yet they point out
a continuing lack of unified momentum. Observed from above, these moving parts might be seen as taking two steps forward,
one step back and one to the side before righting themselves forward again.
In the short term, CISOs will look to the power behind the White House Cybersecurity Coordinator’s office to drive the
changes that will ultimately show improvement. Their hope is this: first, make the case to the Congress; second, secure the
funding stream; and third, hold CISOs accountable to clear and measurable standards of security improvement. It will
be an honest deal and good governance and would show the business community and the general public that the government
can lead by example.
9
10. BACKGROUND DATA
In your staffing plans, If your agency is using Web 2.0/social
what percentage networking services, do you have enforced
Percentagehires willWill Come From
of your of Hires come from: security policies in place?
Web 2.0 Social Networking Security Policies in Place
Scholarship for Services Program - 20.1% Yes - 78%
20.1% 22%
28.9% Internal - 29.8% No - 22%
Other agencies - 21.3%
29.8% Contractor conversions - 30.2%
30.2%
Private Sector - 28.9% 78%
21.3%
Is your agency taking advantage of the What value do you place
Security Lines of Business provided Taking Advantage of The Security when Business
on professional certificationsLines ofhiring
by other agencies?
Value of Professional Certifications or promoting employees?
Provided by Other Agencies
9.7% Yes - 61.3% Value 1 - 6.5%
6.5%
No - 29.0% 32.3% Value 2 - 9.7%
My agency provides a service - 9.7% Value 3 - 12.9%
29% 9.7% Value 4 - 38.7%
61.3% 38.7%
Value 5 - 32.3%
12.9%
(NOTE: 5 is highly valuable)
For the President’s Open Government Directive, does your
agency have data security policies in place
to reconcile the needs for information transparency
President’s Open Government Directive Security Policies
and information protection?
For Information Transparency and Information Protection
Yes - 74.1%
25.9% No - 25.9%
74.1%
10
11. Garcia StrateGieS, LLc
What security technologies do you believe
will raise the bar for
Raising the Bar for System and Network Security:
system and network security?
CISO’s Technology Choices
Network Monitoring & Intelligence - 83.9%
Improved IDS/IPS - 74.2%
Automated ID Management - 71%
Web Security Apps - 67.7%
Policy Mgt. & Audit - 51.6%
Other - 12.9%
0 20 40 60 80 100
Number of Respondents
METHODOLOGIES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This second annual federal CISO survey was made available to a cross-section of 85 federal agency and bureau-level chief
information security officers (CISOs) and information security officers (ISOs) during the 1st quarter of 2010. Thirty-six of those
reached participated by using an online survey tool that gathered anonymous responses to 31 questions. The survey request
went out to personnel from defense, civilian, law enforcement and intelligence agencies. We greatly appreciate the cooperation
of these front-line CISOs in advancing the state of knowledge about our federal information and information systems security.
Greg Garcia, President, Garcia Strategies, LLC
W. Hord Tipton, CISSP-ISSEP, CAP, CISA, Executive Director of (ISC)2
11
12. SPONSORS
(ISC)²® is the not-for-profit global leader in educating and certifying information security professionals
throughout their careers. With over 68,000 certified members in more than 135 countries, (ISC)² issues the
Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP®) and related concentrations, Certified Secure
Software Lifecycle Professional (CSSLP®), Certification and Accreditation Professional (CAP®), and Systems Security Certified
Practitioner (SSCP®) credentials to those meeting necessary competency requirements. Learn more at www.isc2.org.
Cisco is the worldwide leader in networking and IT infrastructure that transforms how governments
connect, communicate and collaborate with secure voice, video and data to constituents, end-users and
other governments.
Cisco¹s Cybersecurity solutions enable government employees to access information securely from any client across any
network. Cisco Collaboration,Virtualization,Video and Secure Borderless Network technologies enable governments
to meet their mission. Learn more at www.cisco.com/go/federal.
Garcia StrateGieS, LLc
Garcia Strategies, LLC provides strategic business development and government affairs advisory services for companies
contributing to the national cybersecurity and emergency interoperable communications missions. The firm’s founder, Gregory
T. Garcia, was the nation’s first Presidentially appointed Assistant Secretary for Cybersecurity and Communications with
the U.S. Department of Homeland Security from 2006-2008.
SECURITY TRANSCENDS TECHNOLOGY®