By BENNY

1. By BENNY

2.  Osteomyelitis
 Osteo - bone
 Myel - bone marrow
 Itis –inflammation
 Inflammation of the bone or bone marrow
typically results from an infection

4.  Microorganisms reach the bone to cause infection
 Bacteria affect high risk individual
1) Weak immune system
2) Poor blood circulation due to uncontrolled diabetes
 Bacteria reach the bone through blood stream(hematogenous spread)
1. Contaminated needles
2. Hemodialysis
3. Dental extraction
 Most common bacteria is staphylococcus aureus

5.  Microorganisms may reach specific places (depend on age group)
1. Older adults – vertebrae (vertebrae osteomyelitis)
2. Childrens – metaphysis
 Trama
 Surgery
 Combintion (contamination during surgery)
 Severe vascular compromise in DM

6.  Bacteria reach the bone and proliferate
1. Alert Immune cells
2. Acute phase (weeks)
 Immune cells breakdown the bone
 In chronic osteomyelitis, lasting months to years
1. Affected bone become necrotic and separates from healthy part of the bo and
ne(SEQUESTRUM) and osteoblast may form new bone around sequestrum
called as INVOLUCRUM

7.  In chronic osteomyelitis the inflammation may involve the periosteum
1. Periosteum is loosely attached
2. Abscess can form along periosteum
 Infection can spead to
1. Nearby joint (knee or hip joint )
2. Overlying muscles
3. Skin
4. Blood vessels is called THROMBOPHLEBITIS

8.  In chronic osteomyelitis
1. Prolonged fever
2. Weighr loss

9.  Complete blood count (CBC)
1. decrease in WBC
2. Increse in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Increase in C-Reactive protein (CRP)
 X ray
1. Thickening of the cortical bone and periosteum
2. Elevation of the periosteum
3. Loss of the normal trabecular architecture
 Bone scan and MRI for confirmation

10.  Antibiotics for weeks
 If abscess surgery is needed
 In chronic osteomyelitis SEQUESTRUM has to be removed

11.  We are wonderfully and fearfully made