This document discusses strategies for correcting student behavior in the classroom using Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS). It outlines the STOIC framework for structuring the classroom environment, teaching expectations, observing students, providing supervision, using data to make decisions, interacting positively with students, and correcting behaviors fluently. The top reasons for office discipline referrals are defiance/disrespect and disruption. The document also examines cultural differences in the interpretation of defiance, noting that behaviors in some cultures like not maintaining eye contact during discipline or smiling during discipline do not necessarily indicate defiance.

1. CHAMPS:
PBIS in the
Classroom
(17) Develop systematic,
consistent strategies for
correcting behavior
errors

2. STOIC
 Structure the environment
 Teach behaviors and expectations
 Observe
 Systematic supervision
 Use data to make decisions
 Interact positively
 Correct Fluently

3. Chapter 9: Correcting
 Task 1: Adjusting the Basic
Management Plan (classroom and/or
individual student)
 Task 2: Analyze and Adjust Strategies for
Building Positive Relationships with
students
 Task 3: Developing a Function-Based
Intervention
Continuum of supports – DATA DRIVEN

4. Correcting Fluently
• Calm
• Consistent
• Immediate
• Brief
• Respectful

5. Factors that can influence fluency
of corrections:
 Individual interpretations of behavior (e.g.
what is defiance and disrespect?)
 Personal Tolerance:
 Stress
 Hunger
 Fatigue
 Past Experience

6. Top Reasons for Office Discipline
Referrals (ODRs)
#1- Defiance/Disrespect
#2- Disruption
In the
Classroom

7. Percentage of Minor and Major ODRs by type of problem behavior
in middle schools
Minor ODRs: Defiance/Disrespect (37%), Disruption (23%), and
Tardy (13%)
Major ODRs: Defiance/ Disrespect (33%), Disruption (14%), and
Physical Aggression (9%)
Cody M. Gion, Kent McIntosh and Robert Horner

8. Webster’s Definition:
de·fi·ance
noun di-ˈfī-ən(t)s, dē- : a refusal to obey
something or someone : the act of defying
someone or something
SWIS Definition:
Defiance/disrespect/insubordination/non-
compliance
Refusal to follow directions, talking back and/or
socially rude interactions.
What is defiance?

9. What is defiance?
 Cultural differences can be interpreted as
defiance
 Dr. McIntyre www.behavioradvisor.com
 “Look at me when I am talking to you!” In many
Asian, black and Hispanic homes, children are
taught to lower their eyes when being
disciplined as a sign of respect and submission
 Many culturally diverse children smile when
being disciplined, not to express defiance, but
rather due to anxiety, appeasement attempts or
confusion (Henkin & Nguyen, 1981; Nine-Curt,
1976).

10. Defiance and Cultural
Differences