Slideshow on Chordates

1. CHORDATES
COMPLEXITY AT ITS PEAK

2. LOOK BACK

3. Who’s that Chordate?
Unscramble the words below to
identify who/what the image is
showing.

7. This phylum accounts for the
52,000 species of vertebrates
and several thousand species
of invertebrates that live here
on Earth.
Together, they range from
brainless filter-feeders all the
way up to people, like Scarlett
Johansson.

8. Like all other organisms, chordates have basic characteristics
that set them apart from the rest of the animal kingdom. Some
of these traits can be observed in an entire lifespan of some
chordates, while some chordates only exhibit these traits at a
certain stage in their life. These traits are unique to this phylum
and cannot be found in other organisms or in ancestral
species.

9. BROTHERS – IN – ARMS
FIRST ACTIVITY:

10. INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Create five groups with equal number of
members.
2. Each group will be given an activity sheet to work
with. Follow the directions indicated in the activity
sheets.
3. Write the answers you have come up on the
manila paper provided.

11. ALL FOR ONE, ONE FOR ALL:
SHARED TRAITS OF CHORDATES
1. Post – anal Tail
Just as the name suggests, it
is a structure that extends above
the anus.
Most chordates utilize the
tail for locomotion such as
fishes, and to maintain balance
such as kangaroos.
In humans, the post-anal tail
disappears during embryonic
development and becomes a
structure called the coccyx or tail
bone.

12. 2. Pharyngeal Slits
These are a set of slits, usually
around 4 to 7 slits, sometimes more,
that are present to all chordates at a
certain stage in their life cycle.
In simpler chordates, the slits are
present in their entire lifespan but in
complex chordates, the slits usually
disappear and theoretically develop
into other body parts such as the jaw.

13. 3. Notochord
The notochord is the reason how
chordates got their name.
It is a structure comprised of
cartilage and is present in all
chordates at a certain stage in their
lifespan.
Found at the center of embryos,
this organ is the foundation for all
other internal structures in a
chordate.
In vertebrates, the notochord
becomes the disk that supports the
backbone.

14. 4. Nerve Chord
The nerve cord is made of nerve
fibers.
This structure is found stomach-
side, meaning it is located behind the
digestive track.
Lower class chordates retain the
basic nerve cord structure but in
complex chordates, the nerve cord
develops into the Central Nervous
System.

15. The most diverse among the
subphyla. These chordates are
characterized by having an
endoskeleton with a central
vertebrae as the foundation.
The skeleton of these
creatures can either be cartilaginous
or calcified(bony).
It is from this subphylum that
humans and other land-dwelling
animals belong to.

16. PARK RANGER!!!
DIRECTIONS ARE IN THE ANSWER SHEET.
SECOND ACTIVITY:

17. NAME: CARABAO
CAN BE FOUND LOCALLY

18. NAME: SHARK
CANNOT BE FOUND LOCALLY

19. NAME: TURTLE/”PAWIKAN”
CAN BE FOUND LOCALLY

20. NAME: LION
CANNOT BE FOUND LOCALLY

21. NAME: ELEPHANT
CANNOT BE FOUND LOCALLY

22. A STEP ON LAND: THE FOUR
CLASSES OF VERTEBRATES
AMPHIBIA
They are considered as the
first group of organisms that were
able to live on land.
They are ectothermic which
means they absorb external heat to
maintain body temperature. They
start off as tadpoles that live in water
and become adults that live on land.
They still need water though because
some amphibians have moist skin.

23. REPTILIA
This class of vertebrates were
the first to develop eggs coated in a
hard shell that are able to develop
on dry land.
They are ectothermic just like
amphibians, but have dry scaly skin
that prevent dehydration.
This is where we find our
dinosaurs, snakes, turtles, and lizards.

24. AVES (Birds)
They are endothermic
organisms, meaning they can
maintain their body temperature via
homeostasis. They are covered in
feathers and have a four-chambered
heart unlike reptiles and amphibians.
This class evolved from
Archosaurs, the oldest known species
of reptiles that became extinct 65
million years ago. Their closest living
relatives are crocodiles, alligators.

25. MAMMALIA
This class of vertebrates is the
most complex species on Earth.
They are endothermic just like
birds but are covered in fur, and have
special glands that produce milk
called the mammary glands, hence
the name.
Most species of mammals give
birth to live offspring. These
offspring can either develop in eggs,
in specialized pouches, or inside the
womb of the mother.

27. POP QUIZ!!!
Directions: In a ¼ piece of paper, answer the items
below by writing the letter of the correct answer.

28. 1. Which of the following characteristics is the reason we get the name chordates?
a. Notochord b. Pharyngeal Slits c. Post-anal Tail d. Nerve Cord
2. Which of the following classes of chordates can produce milk?
a. Aves b. Reptilia c. Mammalia d. Amphibia
3. Which of the following organisms are the closest relatives of birds?
a. Crocodiles b. Bats c. Frogs d. Fishes
4. Among the following traits or chordates, the one that develops into the jaw is the…
a. Notochord b. Post-anal Tail c. Pharyngeal Slits d. Nerve Cord
5. What class of chordates were the first to live on land?
a. Mammalia b. Aves c. Amphibia d. Reptilia

29. ANSWERS:
1.A.
2.C.
3.A.
4.C.
5.C.

30. CARPE DIEM