cholelithiasis
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This document discusses cholelithiasis, or gallstones. It defines cholelithiasis as the formation of stones in the gallbladder. The pathophysiology of cholelithiasis involves factors like cholesterol supersaturation, decreased gallbladder function, and cholesterol crystallization leading to stone formation. Clinical manifestations include upper right abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, clay-colored stools, and indigestion. Diagnostic evaluations include history, physical exam, imaging tests, and bloodwork. Surgical management options are shock wave lithotripsy or laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Pre and post-operative nursing care focuses on assessment, education, hydration, and monitoring for complications.
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Choesystitis.pdf
This document discusses cholecystitis, an inflammation of the gallbladder. It defines cholecystitis and describes the pathophysiology and types, including acute, chronic, calculous and acalculous cholecystitis. Signs and symptoms like pain and fever are outlined. Medical diagnosis involves ultrasound, CT scan and blood tests. Treatment is usually surgical removal of the gallbladder via laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Nursing diagnoses relate to pain management, risk of infection and ensuring adequate nutrition during recovery.
Choesystitis disease of GIT for nursing student
This document discusses cholecystitis, an inflammation of the gallbladder. It defines cholecystitis and describes the pathophysiology and types, including acute, chronic, calculous and acalculous cholecystitis. Signs and symptoms like pain and fever are outlined. Medical diagnosis involves ultrasound, CT scan and blood tests. Treatment is usually surgical removal of the gallbladder via laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Nursing diagnoses relate to pain management, risk of infection and ensuring adequate nutrition during recovery.
Cholelithiasis disease of GIT
This document discusses cholelithiasis, or gallstones. It defines cholelithiasis as the presence of stones in the gallbladder. There are three main types of gallstones: cholesterol stones, pigment stones, and mixed stones. Cholelithiasis is mainly caused by obesity, pregnancy, gallbladder stasis, drugs, and heredity. Symptoms include pain in the upper right abdomen, abdominal bloating, and intolerance to fatty foods. Diagnosis involves abdominal ultrasound, CT scan, or X-ray. Treatments include surgical removal of the gallbladder via open surgery or laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Nursing interventions focus on pain management, monitoring for infection or
cholecystitis.pptx
Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder which can be acute or chronic. It is mainly caused by gallstones and has signs and symptoms like pain in the upper right abdomen and fever. It is diagnosed using ultrasound or other imaging tests and treated with pain medications, antibiotics, and sometimes surgery to remove the gallbladder. Nurses help manage symptoms, monitor for complications, provide education to patients, and address risks like infection, dehydration, and nutritional imbalances.
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Choesystitis.pdf
This document discusses cholecystitis, an inflammation of the gallbladder. It defines cholecystitis and describes the pathophysiology and types, including acute, chronic, calculous and acalculous cholecystitis. Signs and symptoms like pain and fever are outlined. Medical diagnosis involves ultrasound, CT scan and blood tests. Treatment is usually surgical removal of the gallbladder via laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Nursing diagnoses relate to pain management, risk of infection and ensuring adequate nutrition during recovery.
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This document discusses cholecystitis, an inflammation of the gallbladder. It defines cholecystitis and describes the pathophysiology and types, including acute, chronic, calculous and acalculous cholecystitis. Signs and symptoms like pain and fever are outlined. Medical diagnosis involves ultrasound, CT scan and blood tests. Treatment is usually surgical removal of the gallbladder via laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Nursing diagnoses relate to pain management, risk of infection and ensuring adequate nutrition during recovery.
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cholecystitis.pptx
Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder which can be acute or chronic. It is mainly caused by gallstones and has signs and symptoms like pain in the upper right abdomen and fever. It is diagnosed using ultrasound or other imaging tests and treated with pain medications, antibiotics, and sometimes surgery to remove the gallbladder. Nurses help manage symptoms, monitor for complications, provide education to patients, and address risks like infection, dehydration, and nutritional imbalances.
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cholilithiasis.pptx
Cholelithiasis is the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder. Gallstones can be cholesterol stones, pigment stones, or mixed stones. Risk factors include family history, older age, obesity, high-fat diet, and lack of exercise. Symptoms include pain in the upper right abdomen after eating fatty meals. Complications can include gallbladder inflammation, blocked bile ducts, or pancreatitis. Diagnosis involves ultrasound, CT scan, or blood tests. Treatment options are medical management to relieve pain, dissolution therapy, shockwave lithotripsy, or cholecystectomy to remove the gallbladder. Prevention focuses on a healthy diet and exercise.
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1) The document discusses obstructive jaundice, defining it as jaundice resulting from widespread tissue deposition of bilirubin due to impaired bile formation or flow.
2) A thorough history and physical exam is important to determine if the cause is intrahepatic or extrahepatic. Clues to each are provided.
3) Common extrahepatic causes include choledocholithiasis, benign strictures, primary sclerosing cholangitis, malignancies such as cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic cancer.
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This document provides an overview of gallbladder disease in children. It discusses gallbladder physiology, bile formation, and the pathophysiology of gallbladder disease including cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Risk factors for gallbladder disease in children include prolonged parenteral nutrition, obesity, rapid weight loss, and certain medical conditions or medications. Gallbladder abnormalities that may be seen in children include sludge, polyps, septation, and changes in size or wall thickness. The document also presents data on 211 children evaluated for changes in BMI and fatty liver disease who were subsequently found to have gallbladder abnormalities.
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gall_stones.ppt
This document discusses gallstone disease including etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and complications. It describes the different types of gallstones such as pigment stones, cholesterol stones, and mixed stones. Risk factors, symptoms, and potential complications are outlined. Diagnostic tools like ultrasound, CT scan, and HIDA scan are mentioned. Surgical options for gallstone treatment including cholecystostomy, subtotal cholecystectomy, open cholecystectomy, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy are summarized. Indications, procedures, and complications of cholecystectomy are also covered.
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The liver produces bile which is stored and concentrated in the gallbladder before being released to aid in fat digestion. Gallstones form when bile contains too much cholesterol or bilirubin. Risk factors for gallstones include female sex, obesity, rapid weight loss, and family history. Gallbladder disorders in children can include cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, sludge, polyps, and septations. Symptoms include abdominal pain. Ultrasound can detect gallstones, wall thickening, sludge, and other abnormalities.
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This document discusses gallstones, including types, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management. It describes the most common types - cholesterol and pigment stones - and their characteristics. Risk factors include female gender, age over 40, obesity, rapid weight loss, and family history. Gallstones form due to cholesterol and calcium salt imbalance in bile. Clinical presentation is often right upper quadrant pain after eating fatty meals. Diagnosis involves ultrasound, CT, HIDA scan, or ERCP. Management includes laparoscopic cholecystectomy for most, with open cholecystectomy, cholecystostomy, or subtotal cholecystectomy as alternatives in some cases. Complications and prevention are also outlined.
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This document provides a case history and overview of cholelithiasis (gallstones). It begins with the case history of a 55-year-old male admitted with abdominal pain and vomiting who was diagnosed with acute gangrenous cholecystitis based on imaging. It then discusses the anatomy and physiology of the gallbladder, definitions and classifications of gallstones, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic evaluations, and management. Management options discussed include nutritional therapy, pharmacological therapy, non-surgical methods like lithotripsy, and surgical methods like laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
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The document discusses cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. It begins by reviewing the anatomy of the gallbladder and its connection to the liver and bile ducts. It then defines cholecystitis as inflammation of the gallbladder, which can be acute or chronic, and calculous or acalculous. The pathophysiology of calculous cholecystitis involves gallstones obstructing bile flow and damaging the gallbladder walls. Clinical features include pain in the upper right abdomen and fever. The document also defines cholelithiasis as gallstone formation, discusses the types of gallstones, risk factors like obesity and genetics, and the pathophysiology of cholesterol crystals forming in supersaturated bile and
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- The presentation can be used for self-study as well, with notes providing bibliographic references.
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Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
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cholelithiasis
- 1. CHOLELITHIASIS PRESENTED BY :- MR. JUBER DONUR (ASST. LECTURE) BANGI INSTITUTE OF NURSING SCIENCES VIJAYAPURA.
- 2. 6. a) Define cholelithiasis. b) Describe the pathophysiology and enlist clinical Manifestation . c) explain the pre and post operative nursing management of Mrs. X who is suffering from cholelithiasis.
- 3. A) INTRODUCTION • Located below the liver • Pouch like structure Secretion of bile by liver Will stores and episodically Enters into small intestine Which help for digestion of Fat.
- 4. DEFINITION • Condition in which formation of stones into gall bladder called CHOLELITHIASIS • Choledocholithiasis :- condition in which stone forms into common bile duct of the bladder called choledolchoithoasis.
- 6. CLASSIFICATION 1. Choestrol cholelithiasis (yellow coloured stone) 2. Pigment cholelithiasis (bile cholelithiasis)- dark brown/ black colour 3. Mixed cholelithiasis – both stones
- 8. CAUSES • Ediopathic • Female • Fat • Fourty age • Genetic • High fat diet • Cirhosis of liver • Gall bladder inflammation • Increases level of bilurubin - calcuim salats
- 9. B) PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Due to aetiology—> cholesterol level suprificstion—> hypomobility (decreased function of gall bladder)—> Cholesterol nuclification( liqid cholestrolconverts into crystal)—> accreation (hyper secreation of mucus that makes stone solid) —> sign and symptoms of gallstones
- 10. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION • Upper right abdominal pain • Pain after fat meal • Nausea and vomiting • Clay coloured stool • Dark coloured urine • Burping (gas come out through mouth) • Diarrhoea • Dehydration. • Increased thirst • Indigestion • Malnutrition • Weakness
- 11. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION • HISTORY TAKING • PHYSICAL EXAMINATION • X-ray CT MRI • Blood test (increased bilirubin)
- 12. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT • Medications are not most commonly used. • Antibiotics • Analgesics • Anti diarrhoeal • Anti emetics • Anat acids, H2 blocker, PPI • ACTIGALL ( dissolved the stone and should take for longer time)
- 13. C) SURGICAL MANAGEMENT • Shock wave lithiotripsy • Laproscopic cholecystectomy
- 14. NURSING DIAGNOSIS • Acute pain related to obstruction and inflammation. • Risk for deficit volume related to diarrhoea and vomiting. • Risk for imbalanced nutrition related to nausea and vomiting • Deficit knowledge related to disease condition • Fear and anxiety related to hospitalisation.
- 15. Pre and post operative care PRE OPERATIVE CARE • Plan for OT • Written consent from pt • Explain procedures • Check vitals • Prepare for anaesthesia. • Empty the bladder before surgery • Shave the area POST OPERATIVE CARE • Assess consciousness • Vital sings • Assess incisions • Provide adequate fluid • Health education