This document compares manufacturing locations in China and Eastern Europe. It provides data showing that while China is currently the largest manufacturing economy, costs are rising rapidly. Labor costs in Eastern Europe are now comparable or lower than in China's coastal regions. Both regions have good transportation infrastructure for manufacturing. Eastern Europe has a more stable business environment as it has transitioned from communism, while China remains a "market communist" country. The document concludes that nearshoring to Eastern Europe offers advantages of lower costs, faster production times, and the ability to customize products for European markets.
Means of Transportations
Roadways
Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways
• National Highways
State Highways:
District Roads
Other Roads
Border Road
Railways
Pipelines
Waterways
Major Sea Ports
Airways
Communication
International Trade
Tourism as a Trade
The Making Of Global World Class - 10thNehaRohtagi1
PowerPoint Presentation on the topic - 'The Making Of Global World'. For Class:- 10th
Created By - 'Neha Rohtagi'.
I hope that you will found this presentation useful and it will help you out for your concept understanding.
Thank You!
Please give feedbacks and suggestions to get presentations on more interesting topics.
About Russia, Pestel Analysis, FDI inflow and outflow of Russia, Logistics with India, FTA, Leading MNC in Russia in India and Indian MNC in Russia, Major Joint Venture, Relationship with India both Political and Economical, HR Practices of Russia, Environmental Issue in Russia, Trade and Investment Potential of Russia with India
Means of Transportations
Roadways
Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways
• National Highways
State Highways:
District Roads
Other Roads
Border Road
Railways
Pipelines
Waterways
Major Sea Ports
Airways
Communication
International Trade
Tourism as a Trade
The Making Of Global World Class - 10thNehaRohtagi1
PowerPoint Presentation on the topic - 'The Making Of Global World'. For Class:- 10th
Created By - 'Neha Rohtagi'.
I hope that you will found this presentation useful and it will help you out for your concept understanding.
Thank You!
Please give feedbacks and suggestions to get presentations on more interesting topics.
About Russia, Pestel Analysis, FDI inflow and outflow of Russia, Logistics with India, FTA, Leading MNC in Russia in India and Indian MNC in Russia, Major Joint Venture, Relationship with India both Political and Economical, HR Practices of Russia, Environmental Issue in Russia, Trade and Investment Potential of Russia with India
It shows the Working, Functions and Members of BRICS, objectives, important Summit, effects, advantages, disadvantages, financial Contribution and The BRICS Bank.
The Incredible India Growth Story. Some facts have changed as of today, but rests are pretty accurate.
I am not the author of the Presentation, and It was posted in a public forum. www.tongbram.com
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Eastern European electronics clusters provide low-cost manufacturing, innovative supply chains and focused manufacturing skills, making easier to do business on the European market.
It shows the Working, Functions and Members of BRICS, objectives, important Summit, effects, advantages, disadvantages, financial Contribution and The BRICS Bank.
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Eastern European electronics clusters provide low-cost manufacturing, innovative supply chains and focused manufacturing skills, making easier to do business on the European market.
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Hungary has the largest electronics manufacturing industry in Eastern Europe, it's point to investigate the country when it's about electronics site selection.
How to select your new electronics manufacturing site in CEE?Balazs Csorjan dr.
An overview on electronics manufacturing locations in Central- and Eastern Europe.
To learn more, please visit our blog: http://manufacturinghungary.blogspot.hu/search/label/electronics
The European market for bathroom furniture, furnishings and wellness 2016-tocCSIL Kitchen
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Main macroeconomic variables necessary to analyze the performance of the sector for the last 6 years and forecasts 2016-2017, analysis of the competitive system, financial analysis on a sample of over 60 selected European companies which have bathroom furniture as main business area, overview of the distribution system and estimates of average factory prices for each product considered, are also provided.
This report takes into consideration nine bathroom macro-sectors and their main products: bathroom furniture; bathroom furnishings and accessories; WC seats; shower screens and enclosures; whirlpool bathtubs; multifunctional shower booths; bathroom taps, faucets, shower arms; acrylic sinks and bathtubs; ceramic sanitary ware (hydrosanitars).
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Northern Europe: Denmark (DK), Finland (FI), Norway (NO) and Sweden (SE);
Western Europe: Belgium (BE), France (FR), Ireland (IE), the Netherlands (NL) and the United Kingdom (UK);
Central Europe (DACH): Germany (DE), Austria (AT) and Switzerland (CH);
Southern Europe: Greece (GR), Italy (IT), Portugal (PT) and Spain (ES).
Central Eastern Europe (CEE): Poland (PL), Other CEE countries (Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia).
Via detailed tables are shown sales data and market shares of the top European and international bathroom furniture and furnishings companies for each bathroom macro-sector and in each European country considered, together with short company profiles
A focus on European bathroom furniture and furnishings sales outside Europe for selected European companies is also provided by geographical area of destination (Russia, North and Latin America, Asia and Pacific, Middle East and Africa).
An address list of around 200 European and international bathroom furniture and furnishings companies is included.
Find the report at https://www.worldfurnitureonline.com/research-market/the-european-market-bathroom-furniture-furnishings-wellness-0058463.html
The Apparel Market of Saudi Arabia: An Untapped and Growing Market for US Firms.
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Sample Report: Europe Clothing B2C E-Commerce Market 2016yStats.com
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Volvemos para presentar la edición 2017 de Conexus, la publicación anual que analiza el estado actual de los últimos desarrollos en Industrial Connectivity.
A collection came from many sources based on my curiosity - synthesis all of information together with my personal awareness of future crisis. After having heard that China took a major shared of Toulouse Airport - located in the south of France, and many development came across the continents in the same time of economic crisis in Europe and many parts of the world, this is what I curiosly taking my time seeing what was the past performances made by this country. Thanks to many people doing their hard work providing interesting report and articles that I've never forgot to credit to each text and images. Bonne Lecture!
Asia represents substantial opportunities (business development, sourcing, investments...). However, Asian countries are deeply different from each other, probably as much as European countries are.
Our team prepared a series of Asian Country Briefings to help our visitors, friends, and partners better understand those different countries from a business prospective. In this short report, you will find an overview of the Asian countries we will cover. We hope you will find it useful and then be in a strong(er) position to benefit from the substantial opportunities the Asian markets offer, be it for investments, disribution, outsourcing (IT services, Engineering services), or European sourcing purposes.
Should you have questions or comments, feel free to post them in the comment box below or drop us a note to relations@eurosia.eu.
Giáo sư Tony Makin tham gia VEAM 2015 với bài trình bày về “Triển vọng cho nền kinh tế châu Á”.
Professor Tony Makin joined in VEAM 2015 with the presentation about “Prospect for the Asian Economy”.
Để biết thêm chi tiết về các hoạt động và nghiên cứu của DEPOCEN truy cập:
Website: http://depocen.org/vn/
LinkedIn: http://linkd.in/1GnHrHB
Facebook: DEPOCEN
Slides presenting the report of the Gonzale Wise Men Group - Project Europe 2030 - in a short and dense format. The main message being the need for a common political market. Note that this is author's take on the issue and not necessarily a fair summary of the report. Presented at European Forum Alpbach, August 31, 2010
Based on the data of Japanese Prime metropolitan area from 1955 to 2013, this paper studies the effect of industry agglomeration and population aggregation on economic growth in Tokyo metropolitan area. Through the processing of the panel data, we find that the industry agglomeration in Japanese Prime metropolitan region has apparently positive impacts on its economic growth, and also, population aggregation can positively effects its economic growth. Following this paper is try to carry out research on Tokyo —the core city of Japanese Prime metropolitan area, to study the influence of industry agglomeration on its economic growth. This paper thinks that in the process of the development of the city group, due to resource constraints, the manufacturing output unit of land demand big industry will gradually from the degree of economic development is relatively high in the whole city and the city to evacuate, inside, labor resources are gradually to the regional flow of high GDP per capita output.
This is the fourth annual SSC Benchmark Survey of Hungary, carried out by the Hungarian Service and Outsourcing Association (HOA) to provide reliable, comparable industry data to its members and the investors considering entering the market
Ost-ungarische Einsatzort mit alleinstehende Unterstützungen, dedizierte Vize-Bürgermeister und 25k Arbeitslosen - die optimale neu Standort für Ihre Herstellung.
How to support industrial site selection with SlideShare presentationsBalazs Csorjan dr.
This short material shows you how to support site selection process with SlideShare presentations - and acquire site selection (FDI) projects at the same time.
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This 60-minute webinar, sponsored by Adobe, was delivered for the Training Mag Network. It explored the five elements of SPARK: Storytelling, Purpose, Action, Relationships, and Kudos. Knowing how to tell a well-structured story is key to building long-term memory. Stating a clear purpose that doesn't take away from the discovery learning process is critical. Ensuring that people move from theory to practical application is imperative. Creating strong social learning is the key to commitment and engagement. Validating and affirming participants' comments is the way to create a positive learning environment.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
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Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
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𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
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➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
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➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
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➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
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3. Watching behind the scenes
Emerging markets like China, India, or Central and Eastern Europe became the most
relevant, fastest growing manufacturing locations of the world. When it’s about manufacturing
site selection, there are a few, online guide available.
In these few slides we try to collect and investigate some data about China and Central- and
Eastern Europe, to provide you some comparison about the manufacturing locations.
4. China:
the workshop of
the world
“When China wakes, it will shake the world”
(Napoleon Bonaparte)
There is no doubt: China is the nr. 1
manufacturing location of the world. There
are some interesting data beyond this
overworked truth.
5. Did you know?
● in 1814, China was far the largest
economy of the world (and India was the
2nd largest - but it’s another story)
● China doubled its GDP per capita in last
decade. That achievement took the
industrializing United Kingdom 150 years.
● Economic growth is fueled by the
government’s investments in large scale
infrastructure developments
● in 2040, Chinese GDP is estimated to
reach 123 trillion USD - again the largest
economy of the world
● this is not a tiger on the picture
6. In 2010, China became the nr.1 manufacturing
country of the world.
7. China receives the largest inward foreign direct investments (FDI) between emerging countries...
...however it’s pretty behind the FDI inflow of developed economies (EU, US)
8. Eastern Europe:
the workshop of
the world's largest
market
“Tell me where Central Europe is, and I can
tell who you are.”
(Jacques Rupnik)
When we say ‘Central - and Eastern Europe’,
we mean the Eastern member states of the
European Union.
9. Did you know?
● Transition countries: 100 million people
from the Soviet block to the European
Union.
● in the last 25 years, it became one of the
most important manufacturing location of
the EU.
● In 2012, Eastern European automotive
manufacturing reached the 59% of
Germany's output, which is higher than
France' and Italy's production all together.
● A leading electronics, food processing and
textile manufacturing location.
10. Eastern Europe:
the workshop of the
world's largest market
If the European Union was a country (coming soon), it would
be the largest economy of the world.
12. Labor markets
In the last 15 years, there was a super-high
wage inflation in China. From 2010 to
2011, wages doubled in Shenzhen, and
increased +60% in Shanghai. You can see
the result on the next slide.
On the top of all that, Chinese social
contributions are on the horizon. This time
“western style” health care and pansion
systems does not exist - but coming soon.
Otherwise, McKinsey & Co predicted for
2015 that wage inflation will dramatically
slow down in China, because workers
simply price themselves out of the market.
McKinsey has right: wages stabilised on a
relatively robust level, China has to seek
another economic model after its “superlow
cost” model.
13. Will Eastern
Europe provide
lower labor costs
than China?
Eastern European total labor costs were
100-300% of the Shenzhen level, in 2011:
Bulgaria provided similar labor cost than
Shenzhen.
After the high wage inflation in coastal
China, today the country provides higher
labor cost than Bulgaria and Romania,
somewhere at the level of Hungary and
Poland.
Shenzhen,
2011
15. comparison: infrastructure
Both destination has excellent transportation infrastructure, involving motorways and high speed railways. Eastern
European public utility and environmental infrastructure developments are regulated (and mostly funded) by European
Union, and there are relevant investments in Chinese public utilities
There are approx. 1,000 business parks in Eastern Europe, with liberalized industrial property market (there are no limits to
get a real estate). Eastern European industrial land average sales prices are between 20-40€ per sq.meter in larger cities,
and under 20€ in smaller towns. 10€ per sq.meter is a good deal, however some municipalities offer free of charge
industrial land. Manufacturing hall rental fees are between 2 and 5 € per sq.meter per month.
The quickly growing Chinese industrial property market includes 29 million sqm leasable logistic/industrial stock. Rental
fees are between 4-7 USD per sq.meter per month in premier locations - practically the same like in CEE.
17. The ghost of communism
China is a so called “market communist” country. It means,
the economy is led by the communist party’s 5-year plans.
The companies are owned by the government - but
competing on the more or less free market. In every day
life, the “law and order” is not the strenght of China.
Central-and Eastern Europe was also the member of
communist block (some countries like Hungary, were
“market communist” states, too). The communism is
collapsed in 1989-90, and after a democratic and economic
transition, Central- and Eastern Europe became the more
or less free part of the West.
18. supply chains
A recent BCG study states that…
"While direct costs such as labor and energy will
continue to have a strong influence on decisions
about where to manufacture, it is important to
take full account of other factors. Logistics,
obstacles to efficiently conducting business, and
the hidden costs and risks of managing extended
global supply chains, for example, can offset
much of the savings from labor or favorable
exchange rates. It is also crucial to take into
account hidden cost advantages of operating
shorter supply chains, such as speed to market,
greater flexibility, and a better ability to customize
products for specific markets."
19. conclusions
China still the workshop of the world, but manufacturing costs are rapidly increasing - the old school “low-cost” Chinese
manufacturing model is dead.
Product customization, improved speed-to market, EU funded manufacturing grants make Central- and Eastern Europe
and nearshoring more and more attractive.
20. About
Manufacturing Hungary Blog is an information source about the
manufacturing topics in Hungary and Eastern Europe. Our goal is to
support site selection team’s job, providing useful information.
Dr. Balazs Csorjan, investment promotion specialist, the former regional
director of Hungarian governmental investment promotion agency. Dr.
Csorjan has taken part in 300+ site selection projects - he knows your
questions.
21. If you liked this presentation,
please do not forget to share
it - maybe your partners will
like it, too.
Otherwise, do not hesitate to e-mail your questions: csorjan @ m35businesspark.hu or download the file.
thnx a lot!