- Chile is a long, narrow country located on the western edge of South America between the Andes mountains and the Pacific Ocean, bordering Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina. - Chile has a varied climate ranging from the world's driest desert in the north to a rainy temperate climate in the south, with Mediterranean climate in between. - Chile was once home to indigenous peoples like the Inca in the north and Mapuche in the central and southern regions but was colonized by Spain in the 16th century and gained independence in the early 19th century.