Child labour is a major social and economic problem in India, with estimates of between 20-50 million children working long hours in difficult conditions. Poverty is the main driver of child labour, as poor families rely on children's work for survival. Children often work in mills, factories, mines, shops, and other hazardous environments instead of attending school. While laws prohibit hazardous child labour, stronger enforcement of policies that address poverty and generate adult employment are still needed to effectively tackle the root causes and break the cycle of child labour across generations in India.