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The life science business of Merck operates
as MilliporeSigma in the U.S. and Canada.
Safety in
laboratory
Ivander Yeremia
08 March 2023, PT Exxon Mobil
Agenda 01 Keselamatan Kerja di Laboratorium
02 Penanganan Bahan Kimia yang Aman
03 Penyimpanan Bahan Kimia yang Aman
04 Penanganan Tumpahan Bahan Kimia
05 Pengelolaan Limbah Laboratorium
06 How to find additional safety info and
support
2 Safety in Laboratory
Agenda 01 Keselamatan Kerja di Laboratorium
3 Safety in Laboratory
Unfortunately, accidents happen…
4
Tiga orang terluka akibat kecelakaan di Lab
“Feuerwehrmagazin” 30 May, 2011
• 3 siswa terkena luka bakar diakibatkan botol Nitric Acid (HNO3) 2,5L pecah
• Pecahan dari botol kaca menyebabkan luka dan cedera mata
• Lebih dari 100 emergency personnel dikerahkan
Source: http://www.feuerwehrmagazin.de/nachrichten/einsatze/drei-verletzte-nach-unfall-in-chemie-labor-19105 21.05.2012
Safety in Laboratory
Apa saja pemicu kecelakaan kerja ?
1. Kesalahan kelengkapan bangunan dan/atau
laboratorium?
2. Kesalahan penanganan bahan kimia berbahaya?
3. Kesalahan penyimpanan?
4. Informasi yang kurang tentang hazards?
5. Dan lain-lain.
Kecelakaan
Dapat
dan Harus
Dicegah
5 Safety in Laboratory
Laboratorium yang aman,
mengapa ?
1. Menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang aman.
2. Mengurangi risiko kehilangan staff.
3. Mengurangi risiko kehilangan alat dan bahan
kimia.
6 Safety in Laboratory
Ruang Laboratorium yang Aman
Lampu penerangan
tertutup
Dilengkapi dengan
peralatan keselamatan dan
penanganan kecelakaan
kerja
 APAR
 Emergency shower & eye wash,
 Kotak P3K,
 Pintu darurat,
Bersih dari sampah dan
tidak licin
Dilengkapi dengan
“grounding”
7 Safety in Laboratory
Peralatan Keselamatan dan Penanganan Kecelakaan
Kerja
8
Pembasuh badan
darurat, pembasuh mata
• Memiliki kualitas air standar air
minum
• Aliran air tidak berhenti otomatis
• cek rutin (sebulan sekali)
• Dapat diset sehingga tepat
dengan posisi mata (eye wash)
APAR
(Alat Pemadam Api Ringan)
• Jangan disemprotkan secara
langsung sumber kebakaran
• Segera isi ulang setelah
dipakai meskipun belum
benar-benar kosong!
Selimut/baju
tahan api
• Gunakan untuk mematikan
api kecil (e.g. Kebakaran
karena minyak, dsb)
• Gunakan untuk melindungi
diri anda sendiri terlebih
dahulu
Kotak P3K dan isinya
Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan
Transmigrasi Republik Indonesia
Nomor : PER-15/MEN/VIII/2008
Safety in Laboratory
Peralatan Keselamatan dan Penanganan Kecelakaan
Kerja
9 Safety in Laboratory
Berbagai Jenis Kecelakaan Kerja
Terluka oleh glassware Terbakar oleh asam (HF)
Terbakar ringan: Dinginkan dengan air selama 10
menit!
Terbakar (parah): Oleskan antiseptik dan segera
konsultasi ke dokter
Terbakar karena asam: Oleskan polyethylene glycole
400 (artikel no 817003) / calcium gluconate!
Luka ringan: Segera tutup luka dengan plester !
Luka berat : Olesi antiseptik dan segera tutup dengan
plaster untuk menghindari pendarahan yang lebih
banyak !
Penanganan Kecelakaan Kerja
Kecelakaan yang sering terjadi:
• Terluka oleh glassware
• Terbakar oleh api
• Terbakar karena asam atau basa
10 Safety in Laboratory
Pertolongan pertama pada korban:
• Tenangkan korban.
• Apabila terjadi korban
kebakaran, cegahlah korban
untuk tidak panik dan berlari-lari
sehingga menyebabkan api
tersebar.
• Rebahkan korban dilantai dan
selimuti dengan baju tahan api
atau jas lab.
Apabila Terjadi
Kecelakaan
Pasang sistem telefon darurat
Jika terjadi kecelakaan, segera
Informasikan ke petugas P3K
terdekat !
Informasikan :
1. Dimana kecelakaan terjadi?
2. Siapa nama yang menelepon?
3. Apa kecelakaan yang terjadi ?
4. Berapa jumlah korban ?
Jangan menutup telepon,
sebelum penerima telepon jelas dan
meminta anda menutupnya!
11 Safety in Laboratory
Penanganan Kebakaran –
prosedur evakuasi
• Segera keluar ke tempat yang aman
• Dahulukan dan bantulah orang dengan disabilitas
• Jangan gunakan elevator
• Jangan berlarian atau panik
• Segera turun menuju tempat yang terbuka
• Pergilah ke “assembly point“, Jangan Kembali Ke
Gedung!
12 Safety in Laboratory
Aturan Dasar Laboratorium
Safety goggles
Pakaian pelindung
Conductive safety shoes
Appropriate gloves (see SDS)
Selalu gunakan alat pelindung diri (APD)
Beri label
pada botol dan beaker glass!
• Nama bahan kimia
• Label tanda bahaya yang tepat
NaOH 1N
Selalu kancing jas lab!
(Jangan menggulung lengan jas lab!)
Pelindung mata Alat Pelindung Pernafasan
(Respirator)
untuk bahan kimia berbahaya
Jas lab
Sarung tangan
13 Safety in Laboratory
Safety in Laboratory
14
Gloves Guidelines
Aturan Dasar Laboratorium
Abbreviations:
• VG = very good
• G = good
• F = fair
• P = poor
• Safe handling of hazardous
chemicals
• Label own mixtures
acc. to DIN EN ISO guidelines
• Avoiding mismatch
of chemicals
Protect yourself against SUBSTANCE
Safe and complete labelling
• Always label your bottles and beakers!
• Name of the substance
• Correct hazard label
• Use pictograms
15
1.00801.0001 Label set
Safety in Laboratory
Aturan dasar di Laboratorium
16
NO
Eating &
Drinking
Ventilation
Bekerja di area yang
berventilasi baik
(gunakan respirator jika
diperlukan)
Bekerjalah sesuai
dengan volume yang
dibutuhkan
Jangan makan, minum,
atau menggunakan
kosmetik di daerah
Laboratorium.
Buang limbah dengan
prosedur yang
sesuai, untuk
melindungi kesehatan
diri dan lingkungan
Minimal
volumes
Proper
disposal
Safety in Laboratory
Can you rely on your
existing cleaning
procedures?
Infinite variety of
contaminations and
surfaces
17
Protect yourself against SUBSTANCE
Safe Cleaning
Safety in Laboratory
ExtranÂŽ - cleaners for reliable processes
 Can you rely on your application results
when thinking of your existing cleaning procedures?
 How do you clean equipment in your lab?
 Have you heard about our sophisticated,
easy-to-use 1 l bottle with additional measuring aid?
Features
 Ideal all-purpose cleaner
 Bottles, canisters, accessories & specialities available
 Several types with dedicated cleaning properties
ExtranÂŽ MA
for
MAnual cleaning
ExtranÂŽ AP
for
AParative cleaning
in lab dish washers
Extran is important in every laboratory, where impurities have to be removed.
Benefits
• Protects the health of the
laboratory staff –
no toxic ingredients
• Protects the environment -
biodegradable
• Distinctive cleaning power -
concentrates
• Extensive universal effects
• Residue-free cleaning &
reliable processes –
High purity for scientific work
18
Protect yourself against SUBSTANCE
Lab cleaners
Safety in Laboratory
…always chose the right detergent for your contamination to be removed
19
Protect yourself against SUBSTANCE
Lab cleaners
Safety in Laboratory
Drying is a daily
lab process –
but is it always
safe?
20
Drying agents
Protect yourself against SUBSTANCE
Safety in Laboratory
 Silica Gel – Safe drying with orange gel
 Silica Gel is a favored drying agent
 Suitable for:
− Drying gaseous, liquid or solid substances
− Protection against moisture and mold formation
− Filling for desiccators, drying tubes, columns
Benefits
• Cost savings through possibility
to regenerate
• Easy handling and disposal
• High capacity
• Non-toxic ingredients
• Wide range of pack sizes
Safety information
Dangers of silica gel with blue gel indicator
• cobalt (II) chloride (CoCl2) is classified as carcinogenic and toxic for
reproduction*
• When working with the desiccant, any dust particles may easily be
inhaled
Merck offers a broad range of non-toxic silica gels which are
based on iron-salt indicator
21
Drying agents
Protect yourself against SUBSTANCE
Safety in Laboratory
Agenda
02 Penanganan Bahan Kimia yang Aman
22 Safety in Laboratory
23
Pemahaman Karakteristik
Bahan Kimia dan Sumber
Bahaya Simbol Bahaya Bahan Kimia
GHS Pictogram
Sifat Bahaya
Berbahaya secara fisik
Berbahaya secara biologi
Berbahaya secara kimia
“Orang“ bisa menjadi
sumber bahaya
Safety in Laboratory
Corrosive
Korosif
Explosive
Mudah Meledak
Flammable
Mudah Terbakar
Compressed Gas
Gas Bertekanan
Enviromental Hazard
Berbahaya Bagi
Lingkungan
Oxidizing
Pengoksidasi
Toxic
Beracun
Harmful
Berbahaya
Health Hazard
Berbahaya untuk
Kesehatan
SDS: Sumber Utama untuk Informasi Safety
24 Safety in Laboratory
SDS: Sumber Utama untuk Informasi Safety
25
Hazard statements
Precautionary statements
Safety in Laboratory
Isi SDS
26
SECTION 1. Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking
SECTION 2. Hazards identification
SECTION 3. Composition/information on ingredients
SECTION 4. First aid measures
SECTION 5. Firefighting measures
SECTION 6. Accidental release measures
SECTION 7. Handling and storage
SECTION 8. Exposure controls/personal protection
SECTION 9. Physical and chemical properties
SECTION 10. Stability and reactivity
SECTION 11. Toxicological information
SECTION 12. Ecological information
SECTION 13. Disposal considerations
SECTION 14. Transport information
SECTION 15. Regulatory information
SECTION 16. Other information
Safety in Laboratory
Label: Sumber Informasi Penting
27
Hazard & precautionary statements
Smart label
• Downloadable APP: „My M Safety – SDS & Label“
• Alternative scan via website: www.merckmillipore.com/ScanNow
Safety in Laboratory
Grounding
is essential for safe
solvents handling
Selalu bekerja di
ruangan/tempat yang
berventilasi baik
Heat
Oksigen
Bahan mudah
terbakar
Alat Pemanas, sinar
matahari langsung, api
atau percikan api
Listrik statis
28
Bahaya Kebakaran
Sumber Bahaya
Bagaimana prinsip terjadinya Api?
Safety in Laboratory
Bigger pack sizes
Avoid explosive environments by proper grounding
2
4
1
3
6
Always wear PPE
(conductive safety
shoes) and use
conductive floor
All components to be
grounded separately
Metallic contact of
grounding clamps
Install grounding
BEFORE opening
Sampling vessels < 1l
Scrape the
varnish layer down
to the metall
7 Avoid additional
ignition sources
5 Use only appropriate
tools for opening!
29 Safety in Laboratory
Bahan mudah terbakar secara spontan
(Contoh: Aluminium alkyls, Phosphorus)
Pencegahan: Hindarkan kontak dengan udara!
Gas mudah terbakar
(Contoh: Butane, Propane)
Pencegahan: Hindarkan terbentuknya campuran gas ini di
udara!!! Jauhkan dari sumber api!!!
Cairan mudah terbakar, (Cairan dengan titik nyala “flash
point“ dibawah 21°C)
(Contoh: Acetone, Benzene)
Pencegahan: Jauhkan dari sumber api terbuka!
Bahan kimia mudah terbakar saat bereaksi dengan air
(Contoh: Lithium aluminium hydride, Sodium, Calcium oksida)
Pencegahan: Hindari kontak dengan air dan simpan ditempat
yang kering/tidak lembab!
30
Bahan Mudah Terbakar
Titik Nyala / Flash Point
suhu terendah dimana
senyawa/bahan
mengeluarkan uap yang
cukup untuk membentuk
campuran dengan udara
yang dapat terbakar
https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/flash-point-d_924.html
Safety in Laboratory
1. Very toxic / Sangat beracun = LD50 dibawah
25mg/kg
2. Toxic = LD50 lebih besar dari 25 mg/kg tetapi
kurang dari 200 mg/kg
3. Harmful = LD50 lebih dari 200 mg/kg tetapi
kurang dari 2000 mg/kg
31
Bahan Beracun
LD50 = letal dosis
Dosis zat tersebut yang dapat
membunuh 50 % populasi
makhluk hidup!
Safety in Laboratory
Bahan Korosif
Asam Kuat (Contoh: H2SO4, HNO3)
• Asam Hydrofluoric (HF) merupakan bahan kimia
yang berbahaya, baik bersifat korosif maupun
iritasi. Terbakar akan bahan ini akan sembuh
lama.
Basa Kuat (Contoh: NH4OH, NaOH, KOH)
• Sodium (NaOH) dan Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
sangat berbahaya bagi kulit (akan terbakar) dan
mata (buta).
Iritant
Beriritasi pada mata (contoh: Benzyl bromide)
• Bisa memicu kepada kebutaan.
• Asam Osmic (OsO4) menyebabkan mata berair, diikuti
dengan terbakar, dan makin parah pada kebutaan.
Beriritasi pada kulit (contoh: Toluene, Ethanol)
• Memicu kerusakan kulit, seperti terbakar, kulit kering,
kulit kasar.
Klasifikasi Bahan Kimia
32 Safety in Laboratory
Page 33
Orang Sebagai Sumber Bahaya
Jenuh
Kurang supervisi
Dalam masa pemulihan
Salah dalam penempatan kerja
Kurang sehat
Kelelahan
Instruksi yang salah
Kurang pelatihan
Dalam tekanan
Safety in Laboratory
Agenda
03 Penyimpanan Bahan Kimia yang Aman
34 Safety in Laboratory
Mengapa Penyimpanan Bahan Kimia itu penting?
35
Terhindar dari
resiko kecelakaan
dan penyakit kerja
akibat bahan kimia
Para pengguna
bahan kimia semakin
tenang dalam
bekerja
Penyimpanan bahan kimia yang tepat akan memberikan manfaat,
antara lain:
Pengalokasian
penyimpanan
bercampur menjadi lebih
aman
Safety in Laboratory
Tipe – Tipe Penyimpanan
Lemari penyimpanan Safety
• digunakan untuk menyimpan bahan
kimia dipakai sehari-hari, dan
dalam kuantitas sedikit
• digunakan untuk menyimpan cairan
yang mudah terbakar
• Beri keterangan jenis bahaya dan
daftar bahan kimia yang disimpan
• Beri simbol larangan dan keamanan
Penyimpanan Tabung Gas
• Jangan Menyimpan Bahan Kimia
Permanen di Lemari Asam!
• Jangan menempatkan tabung
gas untuk lemari asam di dalam
Laboratorium!
36 Safety in Laboratory
37
• Penyimpanan yang tidak beraturan
tidak diperbolehkan.
• Seluruh produk harus disimpan di
rak-rak, lemari atau area
penyimpanan lainnya.
• Separasi dan Segregasi Produk
• Penyimpanan berdasarkan
karakteristik bahaya yang
disarankan bukan berdasarkan
alphabet-huruf.
Cara Penyimpanan Bahan
Kimia Berbahaya
Acetic anhydride + Acetaldehyde
Copper (II) sulphide + Cadmium chlorate
Hydrogen peroxide + Iron (II) sulphide
Jika Penyimpanan dilakukan secara
alfabetis :
Semua kombinasi ini
akan mengakibatkan ledakan atau reaksi
eksotermis !!
Safety in Laboratory
38
Inkompatibilitas
Nama Produk Inkompatibilitas Reaksi
Asam Asetat CrO3, KMnO4, H2O2
Oksidasi yang cepat
Aseton HNO3, H2SO4, CrO3
Asetilen
Ag0, Hg0, Cu0, Mg0
F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
O2, O3, (NO)x
Explosive acetylides
Oksidasi yang cepat
Acrolein Asam-asam kuat, basa-basa (NH4OH, gol. amina) Polimerisasi berbahaya
Logam alkali
Air
Halogen (F2, Cl2, Br2)
Alkali halida (CCl4, CH2Cl2)
Karbon dioksida (CO2)
Sulfur (S8)
Reaksi eksotermis
Reaksi ledakan
Reaksi eksotermis
Ledakan
Reaksi eksotermis
Ammonia Perak nitrat, perak oksida
Reaksi perak nitrida yang mudah meledak
(AgN3)
Asam sulfat
Potassium permanganat
KClO3
Reaksi eksotermis
Asam-asam kuat (HCl,
H2SO4, HNO3)
NaOH, KOH, HONH4
NaOCl
NaCN, KCN
NaN3
Reaksi eksotermis
Pelepasan senyawa diklor
Pelepasan asam sianit yang beracun
Pelepasan asam hydrazoic yang beracun
Safety in Laboratory
39
Poster Penyimpanan Bercampur
Bahan Kimia,
berisikan
Keterangan Keselamatan Kerja
dalam Penggabungan
Penyimpanan Bahan Kimia
Safety in Laboratory
40 Safety in Laboratory
• Meminimalkan resiko terjadinya api dari bahan-
bahan yang inkompatibel satu sama lainnya.
• Hindari terjadinya asap beracun dari kejadian
kebakaran.
• Hindari reaksi bahaya yang terjadi secara cepat
(spontaneous) yang dapat menimbulkan kebakaran
atau gas yang sangat beracun.
41
Mengapa aturan penyimpanan
bercampur sangat penting?
• Penyimpanan terseparasi
berarti menempatkan produk-
produk dalam wilayah
penyimpanan yang berbeda-
beda.
• Penyimpanan tersegregasi
berarti penyimpanan di dalam
wilayah yang sama dimana
produk-produk dipisahkan satu
sama lain dengan celah atau
penghalang.
Safety in Laboratory
Protect
yourself:
daily risk
sources Pack size
Filling volume
42 Safety in Laboratory
43
Maximum lifting loads
 Local regulations for
occupational health & safety
 Personal calculation acc. to gender,
time frame and frequency
Quantities of flammable
liquids* (flashpoint < 55°C)
 nominal volume < 1 l
 larger quantities in
non-breakproof vessels: up to 5 l
 other vessels:
up to 10 l at a protected location
(e.g. safety cabinet as specified in DIN EN 14470-1:2004)
 Plastic containers > 5 l:
only suitable with sufficient
electrostatic discharge capability
WEIGHT
Protect yourself against PACK SIZE
The issues
Valuable lab storage space
vs. daily consumption
→ base area of 5x 1l vs. 1x 5l
DIMENSION
LIMITATION
*source:
Working Safely in Laboratories, Basic Principles and Guidelines,
DGUV Information 213-851
Edition: October 2011 (Reprint with editorial amendments 04/2017)
Safety in Laboratory
Agenda
04 Penanganan Tumpahan Bahan Kimia
44 Safety in Laboratory
Tumpahan Bahan Kimia
• Tumpahan bahan kimia dapat terjadi kapan dan dimanapun
• Tingkat bahaya dari zat yang tumpah sama
• Berbagai karakteristik bahaya bahan kimia yang dapat
tumpah
• Membutuhkan bahan penyerap dan bahan penetralisir yang
tepat dan aman
• Reaksi yang berbahaya (i.e. eksotermik) dapat terjadi
• Perlu wadah pembuangan yang tepat dan diperlakukan sama
dengan wadah pembuangan limbah B3
Jenis Tumpahan Bahan Kimia
• Jenis padatan
• Jenis cairan
• Bahan Penyerap Organik
• Serbuk gergaji (tidak direkomendasikan
zat pengoksidasi dan asam kuat)
• Pasir kali (Murah, daya serapnya rendah
10% berat tumpahan)
• Arang kayu granul (Harus kering, tidak
untuk zat pengoksidasi)
• Bahan Penyerap Anorganik
Silikat
• Bahan Penyerap Sintetik
Copolymer inert
Jenis Bahan Penyerap Tumpahan
Page 45
How to clear up chemical spillages
Ketika terjadi tumpahan
• Jangan panik
• Pakai Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) yang
sesuai (MSDS)
• Isolasi daerah tumpahan Beri
peringatan “Awas, ada tumpahan bahan
kimia”Beri tali pembatas agar tidak ada
yang melintas
• Tutup tumpahan dengan sorbent inert,
jika perlu lakukan penetralan
• Perlakukan buangan tumpahan seperti
tumpahan B3, jangan dibuang langsung
ke lingkungan
46
Menangani Tumpahan Bahan Kimia
Safety in Laboratory
How to clear up chemical spills
ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents
Avoid serious injuries
by using
fast, easy and safe
absorption & neutralization
of unpleasant chemicals
spills
47
1 Multiple types available to cover nearly all
chemical liquids
2 Bright red bottle stands out among other
HDPE bottles in laboratories
3 Specific usage instructions are
provided on each product’s label
4 Clear Process monitoring – pH
indicator keeps track of neutralization process
5 Absorbent and neutralizer combined in
one product
Safety in Laboratory
How to clear up chemical spills
ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents
48 Safety in Laboratory
Specification
 Aqueous solution: 1–2 times its own weight
 Organic solvent/oil:2–4 times its own weight
 The powder form possess a slightly higher
 Absorbance capacity than the granules.
 Suitable for:
− concentrated acids and alkalis,
− acid chlorides,
− aqueous solutions,
− organic solvents,
− paraffin oils
Safety in Laboratory
49
ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents
Powder
Pack Size Packaging Catalogue
Number
500 g PE Bottle 1.02051.0500
25 kg Fibre Carton 1.02051.9025
Specification
 The granulates are more suitable for areas where the powder form
cannot be used due to its finer particle size, e.g. draughty rooms or
outdoors.
 Suitable for:
− concentrated acids and alkalis, acid
− chlorides,
− aqueous solutions,
− organic solvents,
− paraffin oils.
 Not suitable for: viscous oils
50
ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents
Granules
Pack
Size
Packaging Catalogue
Number
1 kg PE Bottle 1.01568.1000
5 kg Bucket, plastic 1.01568.5000
20 kg Paper sack 1.01568.9020
20 kg PE drum 1.01568.9021
Specification
 Absorbent and neutralizer for spilled diluted
and concentrated alkalis, with indicator
 Color change Blue to pale blue
 Absorption capacity:
− 100 g NaOH 25% ~ 120 g Chemizorb® OH–
Safety in Laboratory
51
ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents
OH-
Pack Size Packaging Catalogue
Number
1 kg PE Bottle 1.01596.1000
Specification
 Absorbent and neutralizer for spilled diluted
and concentrated acids, with indicator
 Not suitable for: Hydrofluoric acid
 Color change Bright Yellow to pale yellow
 Absorption capacity:
− 100 g HCl 25% ~ 100 g Chemizorb® H+
Safety in Laboratory
52
ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents
H+
Pack Size Packaging Catalogue
Number
2 kg PE Bottle 1.03874.2000
5 kg Bucket 1.03874.5000
Specification
 Absorbent and neutralizer for spilled
hydrofluoric acid and other diluted or semi-
concentrated acids, with indicator
 Chemizorb® HF should be added until a dry
powder mixture is obtained.
 Color change Red to Rose
 Absorption capacity:
− 100 g HNO3 25%~160 g Chemizorb® HF
Safety in Laboratory
53
ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents
HF
Pack Size Packaging Catalogue
Number
1 kg PE Bottle 1.01591.1000
 Supelco® Chemizorb® Hg is an all-inclusive set of
reagents and auxiliaries for safe, complete removal of
mercury drops, and traces of elementary mercury.
 The reagents included in the kit are sufficient for
decontamination an area of roughly one square meter.
 Features and Benefits
− Easy-to-use, Kit includes clear, visual instructions for
safe decontamination
− Ready, All reagents and accessories needed are
stored in one case
− Portable, Case’s light weight and integrated handle
facilitate transportation
− Safe, Accessories help prevent any contact with the
hazardous product
Safety in Laboratory
54
ChemizorbÂŽ absorbent
Hg
Description
Product Pack Size Packaging Cat.
No.
Remark
ChemizorbÂŽ Hg Reagents
and accessories for
absorption of mercury
1 set PE Case 1.125
76.00
01
500 g of reagent 1,
100 mL of reagent 2,
one small tub, one
large disposal can,
protective gloves
ChemizorbÂŽ Hg Reagents
refill pack for Cat. No.
1.12576.0001
1 set PE Can 1.015
69.00
01
500 g of reagent 1,
100 mL of reagent 2
Safety in Laboratory
55
ChemizorbÂŽ absorbent
Hg
Description
Safety in Laboratory
56
Hg
ChemizorbÂŽ absorbent
Suction off all mercury
droplets using the
pipette
Empty pipette contents
into the mercury bottle
Strew a layer of
reagent 1 on all
remaining mercury
Spray the reagent-
covered area with
reagent 2
Allow 15 to 30
minutes’ reaction time
Using a small shovel
and spatula,
remove the mercury-
containing absorbent
and place it in the
small tub
Wipe away any
remaining material
Place all tools and
working materials
into the large can
Handling Procedure with Kit
Protect
yourself:
daily risk
sources
Packaging
Material
Material
properties
57 Safety in Laboratory
• Open caps & closures
safely and easily
− Flat or unruffled
− Specially shaped
− Very tightly closed
Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL
Closures & Caps
Always use suitable
& safe tools!
Don‘t experiment on your own!
58 Safety in Laboratory
• Safe transportation of
breakable containers to
➢ the next room / lab
➢ the next level
e.g. by elevator
Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL
Transportation of breakable containers
“Working Safely in Laboratories“
DGUV Information 213-850
4.10.3 Transport
http://www.guidelinesforlaboratories.de
(DGUV - German Social Accident Insurance)
59 Safety in Laboratory
• Safe pouring of hazardous
chemicals
• Avoiding unintended contact
with the hazardous chemical
Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL
Bottle design
• Always wear appropriate gloves
• Prefer bottles with handle
• Use glass bottles with handle made out of
one drop – avoiding risks by predetermined
breaking points
• If bottles with handle are not applicable,
use helpful tools
60 Safety in Laboratory
Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL
Bottle design - handling
• Safe & convenient handling
and pouring of hazardous
solid chemicals
• Avoid unintended contact with
hazardous chemicals
• Always wear appropriate personal safety
equipment
• If bottles with handle are not applicable,
use helpful tools for handling and
pouring
61 Safety in Laboratory
• Protection from glass fracture
• Reduction of
daily used weights
• Increasing
pressure resistance
Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL
Glass bottle risks
• HPDE-bottles
• Aluminum bottles
• Safebreak bottles
62 Safety in Laboratory
Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL
Safebreak bottle untuk Asam
Benefits
• Offers all advantages of
glass bottles
• Additional safety through
PE-coating:
best protection against chemical
burns, and cuts from glass splinters
• Best handling properties due to
non-sticky surface
Protect yourself by protecting the glass bottle
Fitur
• Original botol gelas Merck dilapisi dengan PE (chemical has only contact to the glass)
• Dalam kasus ketika botol pecah:
asam dan pecahan kaca akan tetap di dalam lapisan PE Meets all safety requirements
• Pembuangan lebih mudah dan ekologis (dengan standard glass)
• Tersedia dalam ukuran botol kemasan kecil: 1 l and 0.5 l
63 Safety in Laboratory
Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL
Hydrogen peroxide dalam black HDPE dengan SafetyCap
64
Black HDPE bottle
• Protects against UV light
• Safe and drip free pouring
• S40 thread for tighter
seals
• 2.5 L bottle with
convenient handle and
pressure stable bottom
• Valve with PTFE membrane
• Releases excess gas
• No pressure build-up
• Leakproof at all temperatures and
positions
• No gas or liquid can enter bottle
• Avoids contamination
• No protruding parts that can break
off
• For hydrogen peroxide and
sodium hypochlorite solution
Safetycap
Used for our chemical products that
could build up excess pressure in
bottles through chemical reaction
(e.g. hydrogen peroxide)
Safety in Laboratory
Protect
yourself:
daily risk
sources Application
Handling efforts
for daily volumes
65 Safety in Laboratory
• Heavy, big bottles:
avoid pouring or carrying
• Safer & easier processes
with e.g. 5l bottles
Protect yourself against APPLICATION RISKS / DAILY VOLUME
Special handling
• Use equipment specially developed
for bottles
• Withdrawal systems
• Safety stand for lightweight
HDPE-bottles
66 Safety in Laboratory
Protect yourself against APPLICATION RISKS / DAILY VOLUME
Safe handling: Bottle instrument connections
• Use equipment specially developed
for bottle connections with instruments
• HPLC-adapters
• Safer processes with instruments
• Avoid refilling and ghost peaks
• Avoid health hazards from solvent
vapours
• Avoid contaminations
• Avoid unstable mixture ratio
• Automate processes
67 Safety in Laboratory
• How many solvent is left my
bottle?
• Protection from overtopping
disposal bottles
• Prevent from
column
reconditioning?
Protect yourself against APPLICATION RISKS / DAILY VOLUME
Special handling
• Use equipment specially developed
for bottles
• Bottle level sensors with display
• Direct connection to instruments
• Process automation
Screw cap S40
with clamping
screw fittings
Switch point,
sensor tip
Alarm display
optical and
acoustic signals
D
PUMP
ON/OFF PURGE
INIT
START
STOP
SET
PROG
MANUAL
SET
7 8 9
4 5 6
1 2 3 DELETE
0 . CL
CONFI-
DENCE
B
A C D
ENTER
UTILITY
(SET UP)
ESCAPE
(LOCK
OFF)
POWER
ON
OFF
WAVE
LENGHT AUTO
ZERO
MARKER
START
STOP
TIME PROG
PARAM
SET
7 8 9
4 5 6
1 2 3 DELETE
0 . CL
CONFI-
DENCE
SPECT
MEMO
BACK
MEMO SPECT
PARAM
RECORD
ENTER
UTILITY
(SET UP)
ESCAPE
(LOCK OFF)
POWER
ON
OFF
UV Detector
Instrument
68 Safety in Laboratory
• Protection from glass fracture
• Increasing
pressure resistance
• Reducing cost
• Reduce ecological
footprint
Glass bottle risks
Protect yourself against APPLICATION RISKS / DAILY
VOLUME
• Bigger pack sizes made of
unbreakable material
→ Barrels, drums, canisters made of
stainless steel, metal, PE etc.
X
69 Safety in Laboratory
Agenda
05 Pengelolaan Limbah Laboratorium
70 Safety in Laboratory
Page 71
Definisi Limbah
Limbah = produk buangan yang telah dipakai
Limbah bahan kimia = buangan bahan kimia yang
telah dipakai, campuran bahan kimia, barang yang
belum dipakai namun sudah rusak
Limbah Laboratorium
Laboratorium merupakan salah satu sumber penghasil limbah
cair, padat dan gas yang berbahaya bila tidak ditangani secara
benar.
Sumber Limbah
• Bahan baku kadaluarsa
• Bahan habis pakai (medium biakan yang tidak terpakai)
• Produk proses di laboratorium (sisa spesimen)
• Produk upaya penanganan limbah (jarum suntik sekali pakai
setelah disterilkan) – laboratorium klinik
Jangan membuang residu
zat kimia ke saluran
pembuangan air !!!
Safety in Laboratory
Page 72
Limbah Bahan Kimia Berbahaya
Limbah yang mempunyai efek toksik dan berbahaya terhadap
manusia.
Secara umum, semua limbah yang bertanda di bawah ini
adalah berbahaya.
limbah harus dikumpulkan dan dikirim ke perusahaan
pengelola limbah profesional.
Page 73
Pengumpulan Limbah Laboratorium
Pembuangan Limbah • Limbah laboratorium dikumpulkan dan
dibuang dalam wadah terpisah
menurut tipe bahan kimia yang
berkaitan
• dipastikan bahan kimia yang
terkumpul dalam satu kategori tidak
bereaksi satu sama lain
• Pengecekan untuk kandungan asam
dan basa, pH indikator (No. Kat.
1.09535)
• Sebelum dikumpulkan, lakukan
penetralan. Sediakan larutan penetral
Page 74
Wadah untuk Cairan Pelarut Organik
• Dapat tahan terhadap bahan kimia yang disimpan
• Tidak mudah pecah/rusak
• Anti-bocor dan rapat gas
• Memiliki sertifikat UN untuk pengangkutan limbah
internasional
• Wadah harus ditempatkan di ruang berventilasi
baik
• Wadah harus disimpan tertutup rapat untuk
mencegah penguapan uap berbahaya
• Pilih wadah yang tepat (mengeliminir
kebocoran)
Safety in Laboratory
Asam asetat Alkohol, asam kromat, etilen glikol,asam nitrat, asam perklorat,
peroksida, permanganat
Asetat anhidrat Asam kromat, etilen glikol, asam nitrat, asam perklorat,
peroksida, permanganat.
alkohol, air : senyawa yang mengandung hidroksil
Aseton Campuran asam nitrat / asam sulfat pekat
Asetilen halogen, tembaga dan alloy nya, silver and mercury, garam
logam berat
Logam alkali Air, asam, alkohol, halogen, asam halida, oksigen udara,garam,
hidrokarbon terhalogenasi, seluruh oksidator, karbon dioksida
Page 75
Inkompatibel – Senyawa yang tidak boleh bercampur
Alkil aluminium Air, udara,alkohol
Aluminium klorida Air, alkohol, hidrida
Bubuk aluminium Semua agen oksidator, asam, alkali,
hidrokarbon halogenasi, peroksida
Amoniak dan alkil
amina yang lebih
rendah
halogen, bubuk logam, asam, merkuri (dari
termometer), kalsium hipoklorit, asam
fluorida
Ammonium nitrat Asam, bubuk logam, cairan mudah menyala,
klorat, nitrat, sulfur, senyawa organik
bercabang atau material mudah menyala
Senyawa arsenik Senyawa pereduksi
Safety in Laboratory
Agenda
06 How to find additional safety info and
support
76 Safety in Laboratory
Are you interested?
77
Safety products
for solvents
Withdrawal
systems for
inorganics
ChemizorbÂŽ
absorbents
ExtranÂŽ
detergents
Drying Agents
Safebreak
Bottles
HDPE bottles
ExtranÂŽ
5l canister
Safety in Laboratory
Further Information
Manuals – the whole story
Comprehensive, illustrated bilingual manuals
(EN/DE)
Printed manual
(included in product packaging)
Online manual
(available on demand – incl. all updates)
Online video manuals
(available on demand)
www.merckmillipore.com Maximize safety:
ask for individual support!
• Video “Safety in the laboratory”
(Video length: 7:11 min)
• Handling video manuals for
each solvent withdrawal system
www.merckmillipore.com/safety-film
www.sigmaaldrich.com/lab-safety
78 Safety in Laboratory
Further Information
Technical product details
Technical data sheets
(available on request)
• Additional technical details on e.g. materials, threads
• Mainly with picture and/or drawing
• Also available for packaging, e.g. bottles, containers
Individual installations
(available on request for high volume business)
• Individual support and product selection
• Customized products on request
Maximize safety
and ask for
individual support!
79 Safety in Laboratory
Maximize your safety
Safety information ONLINE
www.SigmaAldrich.com/lab-safety www.MerckMillipore.com/safety www.MerckMillipore.com/safety-film
80 Safety in Laboratory
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y4e_2YnKbl8
We are looking forward to
your questions!
Thank you very much for your
kind attention!
82 Safety in Laboratory
Safety Training

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Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 1 STEP Using Odoo 17
 

Safety Training

  • 1. The life science business of Merck operates as MilliporeSigma in the U.S. and Canada. Safety in laboratory Ivander Yeremia 08 March 2023, PT Exxon Mobil
  • 2. Agenda 01 Keselamatan Kerja di Laboratorium 02 Penanganan Bahan Kimia yang Aman 03 Penyimpanan Bahan Kimia yang Aman 04 Penanganan Tumpahan Bahan Kimia 05 Pengelolaan Limbah Laboratorium 06 How to find additional safety info and support 2 Safety in Laboratory
  • 3. Agenda 01 Keselamatan Kerja di Laboratorium 3 Safety in Laboratory
  • 4. Unfortunately, accidents happen… 4 Tiga orang terluka akibat kecelakaan di Lab “Feuerwehrmagazin” 30 May, 2011 • 3 siswa terkena luka bakar diakibatkan botol Nitric Acid (HNO3) 2,5L pecah • Pecahan dari botol kaca menyebabkan luka dan cedera mata • Lebih dari 100 emergency personnel dikerahkan Source: http://www.feuerwehrmagazin.de/nachrichten/einsatze/drei-verletzte-nach-unfall-in-chemie-labor-19105 21.05.2012 Safety in Laboratory
  • 5. Apa saja pemicu kecelakaan kerja ? 1. Kesalahan kelengkapan bangunan dan/atau laboratorium? 2. Kesalahan penanganan bahan kimia berbahaya? 3. Kesalahan penyimpanan? 4. Informasi yang kurang tentang hazards? 5. Dan lain-lain. Kecelakaan Dapat dan Harus Dicegah 5 Safety in Laboratory
  • 6. Laboratorium yang aman, mengapa ? 1. Menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang aman. 2. Mengurangi risiko kehilangan staff. 3. Mengurangi risiko kehilangan alat dan bahan kimia. 6 Safety in Laboratory
  • 7. Ruang Laboratorium yang Aman Lampu penerangan tertutup Dilengkapi dengan peralatan keselamatan dan penanganan kecelakaan kerja  APAR  Emergency shower & eye wash,  Kotak P3K,  Pintu darurat, Bersih dari sampah dan tidak licin Dilengkapi dengan “grounding” 7 Safety in Laboratory
  • 8. Peralatan Keselamatan dan Penanganan Kecelakaan Kerja 8 Pembasuh badan darurat, pembasuh mata • Memiliki kualitas air standar air minum • Aliran air tidak berhenti otomatis • cek rutin (sebulan sekali) • Dapat diset sehingga tepat dengan posisi mata (eye wash) APAR (Alat Pemadam Api Ringan) • Jangan disemprotkan secara langsung sumber kebakaran • Segera isi ulang setelah dipakai meskipun belum benar-benar kosong! Selimut/baju tahan api • Gunakan untuk mematikan api kecil (e.g. Kebakaran karena minyak, dsb) • Gunakan untuk melindungi diri anda sendiri terlebih dahulu Kotak P3K dan isinya Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi Republik Indonesia Nomor : PER-15/MEN/VIII/2008 Safety in Laboratory
  • 9. Peralatan Keselamatan dan Penanganan Kecelakaan Kerja 9 Safety in Laboratory
  • 10. Berbagai Jenis Kecelakaan Kerja Terluka oleh glassware Terbakar oleh asam (HF) Terbakar ringan: Dinginkan dengan air selama 10 menit! Terbakar (parah): Oleskan antiseptik dan segera konsultasi ke dokter Terbakar karena asam: Oleskan polyethylene glycole 400 (artikel no 817003) / calcium gluconate! Luka ringan: Segera tutup luka dengan plester ! Luka berat : Olesi antiseptik dan segera tutup dengan plaster untuk menghindari pendarahan yang lebih banyak ! Penanganan Kecelakaan Kerja Kecelakaan yang sering terjadi: • Terluka oleh glassware • Terbakar oleh api • Terbakar karena asam atau basa 10 Safety in Laboratory
  • 11. Pertolongan pertama pada korban: • Tenangkan korban. • Apabila terjadi korban kebakaran, cegahlah korban untuk tidak panik dan berlari-lari sehingga menyebabkan api tersebar. • Rebahkan korban dilantai dan selimuti dengan baju tahan api atau jas lab. Apabila Terjadi Kecelakaan Pasang sistem telefon darurat Jika terjadi kecelakaan, segera Informasikan ke petugas P3K terdekat ! Informasikan : 1. Dimana kecelakaan terjadi? 2. Siapa nama yang menelepon? 3. Apa kecelakaan yang terjadi ? 4. Berapa jumlah korban ? Jangan menutup telepon, sebelum penerima telepon jelas dan meminta anda menutupnya! 11 Safety in Laboratory
  • 12. Penanganan Kebakaran – prosedur evakuasi • Segera keluar ke tempat yang aman • Dahulukan dan bantulah orang dengan disabilitas • Jangan gunakan elevator • Jangan berlarian atau panik • Segera turun menuju tempat yang terbuka • Pergilah ke “assembly point“, Jangan Kembali Ke Gedung! 12 Safety in Laboratory
  • 13. Aturan Dasar Laboratorium Safety goggles Pakaian pelindung Conductive safety shoes Appropriate gloves (see SDS) Selalu gunakan alat pelindung diri (APD) Beri label pada botol dan beaker glass! • Nama bahan kimia • Label tanda bahaya yang tepat NaOH 1N Selalu kancing jas lab! (Jangan menggulung lengan jas lab!) Pelindung mata Alat Pelindung Pernafasan (Respirator) untuk bahan kimia berbahaya Jas lab Sarung tangan 13 Safety in Laboratory
  • 14. Safety in Laboratory 14 Gloves Guidelines Aturan Dasar Laboratorium Abbreviations: • VG = very good • G = good • F = fair • P = poor
  • 15. • Safe handling of hazardous chemicals • Label own mixtures acc. to DIN EN ISO guidelines • Avoiding mismatch of chemicals Protect yourself against SUBSTANCE Safe and complete labelling • Always label your bottles and beakers! • Name of the substance • Correct hazard label • Use pictograms 15 1.00801.0001 Label set Safety in Laboratory
  • 16. Aturan dasar di Laboratorium 16 NO Eating & Drinking Ventilation Bekerja di area yang berventilasi baik (gunakan respirator jika diperlukan) Bekerjalah sesuai dengan volume yang dibutuhkan Jangan makan, minum, atau menggunakan kosmetik di daerah Laboratorium. Buang limbah dengan prosedur yang sesuai, untuk melindungi kesehatan diri dan lingkungan Minimal volumes Proper disposal Safety in Laboratory
  • 17. Can you rely on your existing cleaning procedures? Infinite variety of contaminations and surfaces 17 Protect yourself against SUBSTANCE Safe Cleaning Safety in Laboratory
  • 18. ExtranÂŽ - cleaners for reliable processes  Can you rely on your application results when thinking of your existing cleaning procedures?  How do you clean equipment in your lab?  Have you heard about our sophisticated, easy-to-use 1 l bottle with additional measuring aid? Features  Ideal all-purpose cleaner  Bottles, canisters, accessories & specialities available  Several types with dedicated cleaning properties ExtranÂŽ MA for MAnual cleaning ExtranÂŽ AP for AParative cleaning in lab dish washers Extran is important in every laboratory, where impurities have to be removed. Benefits • Protects the health of the laboratory staff – no toxic ingredients • Protects the environment - biodegradable • Distinctive cleaning power - concentrates • Extensive universal effects • Residue-free cleaning & reliable processes – High purity for scientific work 18 Protect yourself against SUBSTANCE Lab cleaners Safety in Laboratory
  • 19. …always chose the right detergent for your contamination to be removed 19 Protect yourself against SUBSTANCE Lab cleaners Safety in Laboratory
  • 20. Drying is a daily lab process – but is it always safe? 20 Drying agents Protect yourself against SUBSTANCE Safety in Laboratory
  • 21.  Silica Gel – Safe drying with orange gel  Silica Gel is a favored drying agent  Suitable for: − Drying gaseous, liquid or solid substances − Protection against moisture and mold formation − Filling for desiccators, drying tubes, columns Benefits • Cost savings through possibility to regenerate • Easy handling and disposal • High capacity • Non-toxic ingredients • Wide range of pack sizes Safety information Dangers of silica gel with blue gel indicator • cobalt (II) chloride (CoCl2) is classified as carcinogenic and toxic for reproduction* • When working with the desiccant, any dust particles may easily be inhaled Merck offers a broad range of non-toxic silica gels which are based on iron-salt indicator 21 Drying agents Protect yourself against SUBSTANCE Safety in Laboratory
  • 22. Agenda 02 Penanganan Bahan Kimia yang Aman 22 Safety in Laboratory
  • 23. 23 Pemahaman Karakteristik Bahan Kimia dan Sumber Bahaya Simbol Bahaya Bahan Kimia GHS Pictogram Sifat Bahaya Berbahaya secara fisik Berbahaya secara biologi Berbahaya secara kimia “Orang“ bisa menjadi sumber bahaya Safety in Laboratory Corrosive Korosif Explosive Mudah Meledak Flammable Mudah Terbakar Compressed Gas Gas Bertekanan Enviromental Hazard Berbahaya Bagi Lingkungan Oxidizing Pengoksidasi Toxic Beracun Harmful Berbahaya Health Hazard Berbahaya untuk Kesehatan
  • 24. SDS: Sumber Utama untuk Informasi Safety 24 Safety in Laboratory
  • 25. SDS: Sumber Utama untuk Informasi Safety 25 Hazard statements Precautionary statements Safety in Laboratory
  • 26. Isi SDS 26 SECTION 1. Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking SECTION 2. Hazards identification SECTION 3. Composition/information on ingredients SECTION 4. First aid measures SECTION 5. Firefighting measures SECTION 6. Accidental release measures SECTION 7. Handling and storage SECTION 8. Exposure controls/personal protection SECTION 9. Physical and chemical properties SECTION 10. Stability and reactivity SECTION 11. Toxicological information SECTION 12. Ecological information SECTION 13. Disposal considerations SECTION 14. Transport information SECTION 15. Regulatory information SECTION 16. Other information Safety in Laboratory
  • 27. Label: Sumber Informasi Penting 27 Hazard & precautionary statements Smart label • Downloadable APP: „My M Safety – SDS & Label“ • Alternative scan via website: www.merckmillipore.com/ScanNow Safety in Laboratory
  • 28. Grounding is essential for safe solvents handling Selalu bekerja di ruangan/tempat yang berventilasi baik Heat Oksigen Bahan mudah terbakar Alat Pemanas, sinar matahari langsung, api atau percikan api Listrik statis 28 Bahaya Kebakaran Sumber Bahaya Bagaimana prinsip terjadinya Api? Safety in Laboratory
  • 29. Bigger pack sizes Avoid explosive environments by proper grounding 2 4 1 3 6 Always wear PPE (conductive safety shoes) and use conductive floor All components to be grounded separately Metallic contact of grounding clamps Install grounding BEFORE opening Sampling vessels < 1l Scrape the varnish layer down to the metall 7 Avoid additional ignition sources 5 Use only appropriate tools for opening! 29 Safety in Laboratory
  • 30. Bahan mudah terbakar secara spontan (Contoh: Aluminium alkyls, Phosphorus) Pencegahan: Hindarkan kontak dengan udara! Gas mudah terbakar (Contoh: Butane, Propane) Pencegahan: Hindarkan terbentuknya campuran gas ini di udara!!! Jauhkan dari sumber api!!! Cairan mudah terbakar, (Cairan dengan titik nyala “flash point“ dibawah 21°C) (Contoh: Acetone, Benzene) Pencegahan: Jauhkan dari sumber api terbuka! Bahan kimia mudah terbakar saat bereaksi dengan air (Contoh: Lithium aluminium hydride, Sodium, Calcium oksida) Pencegahan: Hindari kontak dengan air dan simpan ditempat yang kering/tidak lembab! 30 Bahan Mudah Terbakar Titik Nyala / Flash Point suhu terendah dimana senyawa/bahan mengeluarkan uap yang cukup untuk membentuk campuran dengan udara yang dapat terbakar https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/flash-point-d_924.html Safety in Laboratory
  • 31. 1. Very toxic / Sangat beracun = LD50 dibawah 25mg/kg 2. Toxic = LD50 lebih besar dari 25 mg/kg tetapi kurang dari 200 mg/kg 3. Harmful = LD50 lebih dari 200 mg/kg tetapi kurang dari 2000 mg/kg 31 Bahan Beracun LD50 = letal dosis Dosis zat tersebut yang dapat membunuh 50 % populasi makhluk hidup! Safety in Laboratory
  • 32. Bahan Korosif Asam Kuat (Contoh: H2SO4, HNO3) • Asam Hydrofluoric (HF) merupakan bahan kimia yang berbahaya, baik bersifat korosif maupun iritasi. Terbakar akan bahan ini akan sembuh lama. Basa Kuat (Contoh: NH4OH, NaOH, KOH) • Sodium (NaOH) dan Potassium hydroxide (KOH) sangat berbahaya bagi kulit (akan terbakar) dan mata (buta). Iritant Beriritasi pada mata (contoh: Benzyl bromide) • Bisa memicu kepada kebutaan. • Asam Osmic (OsO4) menyebabkan mata berair, diikuti dengan terbakar, dan makin parah pada kebutaan. Beriritasi pada kulit (contoh: Toluene, Ethanol) • Memicu kerusakan kulit, seperti terbakar, kulit kering, kulit kasar. Klasifikasi Bahan Kimia 32 Safety in Laboratory
  • 33. Page 33 Orang Sebagai Sumber Bahaya Jenuh Kurang supervisi Dalam masa pemulihan Salah dalam penempatan kerja Kurang sehat Kelelahan Instruksi yang salah Kurang pelatihan Dalam tekanan Safety in Laboratory
  • 34. Agenda 03 Penyimpanan Bahan Kimia yang Aman 34 Safety in Laboratory
  • 35. Mengapa Penyimpanan Bahan Kimia itu penting? 35 Terhindar dari resiko kecelakaan dan penyakit kerja akibat bahan kimia Para pengguna bahan kimia semakin tenang dalam bekerja Penyimpanan bahan kimia yang tepat akan memberikan manfaat, antara lain: Pengalokasian penyimpanan bercampur menjadi lebih aman Safety in Laboratory
  • 36. Tipe – Tipe Penyimpanan Lemari penyimpanan Safety • digunakan untuk menyimpan bahan kimia dipakai sehari-hari, dan dalam kuantitas sedikit • digunakan untuk menyimpan cairan yang mudah terbakar • Beri keterangan jenis bahaya dan daftar bahan kimia yang disimpan • Beri simbol larangan dan keamanan Penyimpanan Tabung Gas • Jangan Menyimpan Bahan Kimia Permanen di Lemari Asam! • Jangan menempatkan tabung gas untuk lemari asam di dalam Laboratorium! 36 Safety in Laboratory
  • 37. 37 • Penyimpanan yang tidak beraturan tidak diperbolehkan. • Seluruh produk harus disimpan di rak-rak, lemari atau area penyimpanan lainnya. • Separasi dan Segregasi Produk • Penyimpanan berdasarkan karakteristik bahaya yang disarankan bukan berdasarkan alphabet-huruf. Cara Penyimpanan Bahan Kimia Berbahaya Acetic anhydride + Acetaldehyde Copper (II) sulphide + Cadmium chlorate Hydrogen peroxide + Iron (II) sulphide Jika Penyimpanan dilakukan secara alfabetis : Semua kombinasi ini akan mengakibatkan ledakan atau reaksi eksotermis !! Safety in Laboratory
  • 38. 38 Inkompatibilitas Nama Produk Inkompatibilitas Reaksi Asam Asetat CrO3, KMnO4, H2O2 Oksidasi yang cepat Aseton HNO3, H2SO4, CrO3 Asetilen Ag0, Hg0, Cu0, Mg0 F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 O2, O3, (NO)x Explosive acetylides Oksidasi yang cepat Acrolein Asam-asam kuat, basa-basa (NH4OH, gol. amina) Polimerisasi berbahaya Logam alkali Air Halogen (F2, Cl2, Br2) Alkali halida (CCl4, CH2Cl2) Karbon dioksida (CO2) Sulfur (S8) Reaksi eksotermis Reaksi ledakan Reaksi eksotermis Ledakan Reaksi eksotermis Ammonia Perak nitrat, perak oksida Reaksi perak nitrida yang mudah meledak (AgN3) Asam sulfat Potassium permanganat KClO3 Reaksi eksotermis Asam-asam kuat (HCl, H2SO4, HNO3) NaOH, KOH, HONH4 NaOCl NaCN, KCN NaN3 Reaksi eksotermis Pelepasan senyawa diklor Pelepasan asam sianit yang beracun Pelepasan asam hydrazoic yang beracun Safety in Laboratory
  • 39. 39 Poster Penyimpanan Bercampur Bahan Kimia, berisikan Keterangan Keselamatan Kerja dalam Penggabungan Penyimpanan Bahan Kimia Safety in Laboratory
  • 40. 40 Safety in Laboratory
  • 41. • Meminimalkan resiko terjadinya api dari bahan- bahan yang inkompatibel satu sama lainnya. • Hindari terjadinya asap beracun dari kejadian kebakaran. • Hindari reaksi bahaya yang terjadi secara cepat (spontaneous) yang dapat menimbulkan kebakaran atau gas yang sangat beracun. 41 Mengapa aturan penyimpanan bercampur sangat penting? • Penyimpanan terseparasi berarti menempatkan produk- produk dalam wilayah penyimpanan yang berbeda- beda. • Penyimpanan tersegregasi berarti penyimpanan di dalam wilayah yang sama dimana produk-produk dipisahkan satu sama lain dengan celah atau penghalang. Safety in Laboratory
  • 42. Protect yourself: daily risk sources Pack size Filling volume 42 Safety in Laboratory
  • 43. 43 Maximum lifting loads  Local regulations for occupational health & safety  Personal calculation acc. to gender, time frame and frequency Quantities of flammable liquids* (flashpoint < 55°C)  nominal volume < 1 l  larger quantities in non-breakproof vessels: up to 5 l  other vessels: up to 10 l at a protected location (e.g. safety cabinet as specified in DIN EN 14470-1:2004)  Plastic containers > 5 l: only suitable with sufficient electrostatic discharge capability WEIGHT Protect yourself against PACK SIZE The issues Valuable lab storage space vs. daily consumption → base area of 5x 1l vs. 1x 5l DIMENSION LIMITATION *source: Working Safely in Laboratories, Basic Principles and Guidelines, DGUV Information 213-851 Edition: October 2011 (Reprint with editorial amendments 04/2017) Safety in Laboratory
  • 44. Agenda 04 Penanganan Tumpahan Bahan Kimia 44 Safety in Laboratory
  • 45. Tumpahan Bahan Kimia • Tumpahan bahan kimia dapat terjadi kapan dan dimanapun • Tingkat bahaya dari zat yang tumpah sama • Berbagai karakteristik bahaya bahan kimia yang dapat tumpah • Membutuhkan bahan penyerap dan bahan penetralisir yang tepat dan aman • Reaksi yang berbahaya (i.e. eksotermik) dapat terjadi • Perlu wadah pembuangan yang tepat dan diperlakukan sama dengan wadah pembuangan limbah B3 Jenis Tumpahan Bahan Kimia • Jenis padatan • Jenis cairan • Bahan Penyerap Organik • Serbuk gergaji (tidak direkomendasikan zat pengoksidasi dan asam kuat) • Pasir kali (Murah, daya serapnya rendah 10% berat tumpahan) • Arang kayu granul (Harus kering, tidak untuk zat pengoksidasi) • Bahan Penyerap Anorganik Silikat • Bahan Penyerap Sintetik Copolymer inert Jenis Bahan Penyerap Tumpahan Page 45
  • 46. How to clear up chemical spillages Ketika terjadi tumpahan • Jangan panik • Pakai Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) yang sesuai (MSDS) • Isolasi daerah tumpahan Beri peringatan “Awas, ada tumpahan bahan kimia”Beri tali pembatas agar tidak ada yang melintas • Tutup tumpahan dengan sorbent inert, jika perlu lakukan penetralan • Perlakukan buangan tumpahan seperti tumpahan B3, jangan dibuang langsung ke lingkungan 46 Menangani Tumpahan Bahan Kimia Safety in Laboratory
  • 47. How to clear up chemical spills ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents Avoid serious injuries by using fast, easy and safe absorption & neutralization of unpleasant chemicals spills 47 1 Multiple types available to cover nearly all chemical liquids 2 Bright red bottle stands out among other HDPE bottles in laboratories 3 Specific usage instructions are provided on each product’s label 4 Clear Process monitoring – pH indicator keeps track of neutralization process 5 Absorbent and neutralizer combined in one product Safety in Laboratory
  • 48. How to clear up chemical spills ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents 48 Safety in Laboratory
  • 49. Specification  Aqueous solution: 1–2 times its own weight  Organic solvent/oil:2–4 times its own weight  The powder form possess a slightly higher  Absorbance capacity than the granules.  Suitable for: − concentrated acids and alkalis, − acid chlorides, − aqueous solutions, − organic solvents, − paraffin oils Safety in Laboratory 49 ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents Powder Pack Size Packaging Catalogue Number 500 g PE Bottle 1.02051.0500 25 kg Fibre Carton 1.02051.9025
  • 50. Specification  The granulates are more suitable for areas where the powder form cannot be used due to its finer particle size, e.g. draughty rooms or outdoors.  Suitable for: − concentrated acids and alkalis, acid − chlorides, − aqueous solutions, − organic solvents, − paraffin oils.  Not suitable for: viscous oils 50 ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents Granules Pack Size Packaging Catalogue Number 1 kg PE Bottle 1.01568.1000 5 kg Bucket, plastic 1.01568.5000 20 kg Paper sack 1.01568.9020 20 kg PE drum 1.01568.9021
  • 51. Specification  Absorbent and neutralizer for spilled diluted and concentrated alkalis, with indicator  Color change Blue to pale blue  Absorption capacity: − 100 g NaOH 25% ~ 120 g ChemizorbÂŽ OH– Safety in Laboratory 51 ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents OH- Pack Size Packaging Catalogue Number 1 kg PE Bottle 1.01596.1000
  • 52. Specification  Absorbent and neutralizer for spilled diluted and concentrated acids, with indicator  Not suitable for: Hydrofluoric acid  Color change Bright Yellow to pale yellow  Absorption capacity: − 100 g HCl 25% ~ 100 g ChemizorbÂŽ H+ Safety in Laboratory 52 ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents H+ Pack Size Packaging Catalogue Number 2 kg PE Bottle 1.03874.2000 5 kg Bucket 1.03874.5000
  • 53. Specification  Absorbent and neutralizer for spilled hydrofluoric acid and other diluted or semi- concentrated acids, with indicator  ChemizorbÂŽ HF should be added until a dry powder mixture is obtained.  Color change Red to Rose  Absorption capacity: − 100 g HNO3 25%~160 g ChemizorbÂŽ HF Safety in Laboratory 53 ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents HF Pack Size Packaging Catalogue Number 1 kg PE Bottle 1.01591.1000
  • 54.  SupelcoÂŽ ChemizorbÂŽ Hg is an all-inclusive set of reagents and auxiliaries for safe, complete removal of mercury drops, and traces of elementary mercury.  The reagents included in the kit are sufficient for decontamination an area of roughly one square meter.  Features and Benefits − Easy-to-use, Kit includes clear, visual instructions for safe decontamination − Ready, All reagents and accessories needed are stored in one case − Portable, Case’s light weight and integrated handle facilitate transportation − Safe, Accessories help prevent any contact with the hazardous product Safety in Laboratory 54 ChemizorbÂŽ absorbent Hg Description
  • 55. Product Pack Size Packaging Cat. No. Remark ChemizorbÂŽ Hg Reagents and accessories for absorption of mercury 1 set PE Case 1.125 76.00 01 500 g of reagent 1, 100 mL of reagent 2, one small tub, one large disposal can, protective gloves ChemizorbÂŽ Hg Reagents refill pack for Cat. No. 1.12576.0001 1 set PE Can 1.015 69.00 01 500 g of reagent 1, 100 mL of reagent 2 Safety in Laboratory 55 ChemizorbÂŽ absorbent Hg Description
  • 56. Safety in Laboratory 56 Hg ChemizorbÂŽ absorbent Suction off all mercury droplets using the pipette Empty pipette contents into the mercury bottle Strew a layer of reagent 1 on all remaining mercury Spray the reagent- covered area with reagent 2 Allow 15 to 30 minutes’ reaction time Using a small shovel and spatula, remove the mercury- containing absorbent and place it in the small tub Wipe away any remaining material Place all tools and working materials into the large can Handling Procedure with Kit
  • 58. • Open caps & closures safely and easily − Flat or unruffled − Specially shaped − Very tightly closed Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL Closures & Caps Always use suitable & safe tools! Don‘t experiment on your own! 58 Safety in Laboratory
  • 59. • Safe transportation of breakable containers to ➢ the next room / lab ➢ the next level e.g. by elevator Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL Transportation of breakable containers “Working Safely in Laboratories“ DGUV Information 213-850 4.10.3 Transport http://www.guidelinesforlaboratories.de (DGUV - German Social Accident Insurance) 59 Safety in Laboratory
  • 60. • Safe pouring of hazardous chemicals • Avoiding unintended contact with the hazardous chemical Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL Bottle design • Always wear appropriate gloves • Prefer bottles with handle • Use glass bottles with handle made out of one drop – avoiding risks by predetermined breaking points • If bottles with handle are not applicable, use helpful tools 60 Safety in Laboratory
  • 61. Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL Bottle design - handling • Safe & convenient handling and pouring of hazardous solid chemicals • Avoid unintended contact with hazardous chemicals • Always wear appropriate personal safety equipment • If bottles with handle are not applicable, use helpful tools for handling and pouring 61 Safety in Laboratory
  • 62. • Protection from glass fracture • Reduction of daily used weights • Increasing pressure resistance Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL Glass bottle risks • HPDE-bottles • Aluminum bottles • Safebreak bottles 62 Safety in Laboratory
  • 63. Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL Safebreak bottle untuk Asam Benefits • Offers all advantages of glass bottles • Additional safety through PE-coating: best protection against chemical burns, and cuts from glass splinters • Best handling properties due to non-sticky surface Protect yourself by protecting the glass bottle Fitur • Original botol gelas Merck dilapisi dengan PE (chemical has only contact to the glass) • Dalam kasus ketika botol pecah: asam dan pecahan kaca akan tetap di dalam lapisan PE Meets all safety requirements • Pembuangan lebih mudah dan ekologis (dengan standard glass) • Tersedia dalam ukuran botol kemasan kecil: 1 l and 0.5 l 63 Safety in Laboratory
  • 64. Protect yourself against PACKAGING MATERIAL Hydrogen peroxide dalam black HDPE dengan SafetyCap 64 Black HDPE bottle • Protects against UV light • Safe and drip free pouring • S40 thread for tighter seals • 2.5 L bottle with convenient handle and pressure stable bottom • Valve with PTFE membrane • Releases excess gas • No pressure build-up • Leakproof at all temperatures and positions • No gas or liquid can enter bottle • Avoids contamination • No protruding parts that can break off • For hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite solution Safetycap Used for our chemical products that could build up excess pressure in bottles through chemical reaction (e.g. hydrogen peroxide) Safety in Laboratory
  • 65. Protect yourself: daily risk sources Application Handling efforts for daily volumes 65 Safety in Laboratory
  • 66. • Heavy, big bottles: avoid pouring or carrying • Safer & easier processes with e.g. 5l bottles Protect yourself against APPLICATION RISKS / DAILY VOLUME Special handling • Use equipment specially developed for bottles • Withdrawal systems • Safety stand for lightweight HDPE-bottles 66 Safety in Laboratory
  • 67. Protect yourself against APPLICATION RISKS / DAILY VOLUME Safe handling: Bottle instrument connections • Use equipment specially developed for bottle connections with instruments • HPLC-adapters • Safer processes with instruments • Avoid refilling and ghost peaks • Avoid health hazards from solvent vapours • Avoid contaminations • Avoid unstable mixture ratio • Automate processes 67 Safety in Laboratory
  • 68. • How many solvent is left my bottle? • Protection from overtopping disposal bottles • Prevent from column reconditioning? Protect yourself against APPLICATION RISKS / DAILY VOLUME Special handling • Use equipment specially developed for bottles • Bottle level sensors with display • Direct connection to instruments • Process automation Screw cap S40 with clamping screw fittings Switch point, sensor tip Alarm display optical and acoustic signals D PUMP ON/OFF PURGE INIT START STOP SET PROG MANUAL SET 7 8 9 4 5 6 1 2 3 DELETE 0 . CL CONFI- DENCE B A C D ENTER UTILITY (SET UP) ESCAPE (LOCK OFF) POWER ON OFF WAVE LENGHT AUTO ZERO MARKER START STOP TIME PROG PARAM SET 7 8 9 4 5 6 1 2 3 DELETE 0 . CL CONFI- DENCE SPECT MEMO BACK MEMO SPECT PARAM RECORD ENTER UTILITY (SET UP) ESCAPE (LOCK OFF) POWER ON OFF UV Detector Instrument 68 Safety in Laboratory
  • 69. • Protection from glass fracture • Increasing pressure resistance • Reducing cost • Reduce ecological footprint Glass bottle risks Protect yourself against APPLICATION RISKS / DAILY VOLUME • Bigger pack sizes made of unbreakable material → Barrels, drums, canisters made of stainless steel, metal, PE etc. X 69 Safety in Laboratory
  • 70. Agenda 05 Pengelolaan Limbah Laboratorium 70 Safety in Laboratory
  • 71. Page 71 Definisi Limbah Limbah = produk buangan yang telah dipakai Limbah bahan kimia = buangan bahan kimia yang telah dipakai, campuran bahan kimia, barang yang belum dipakai namun sudah rusak Limbah Laboratorium Laboratorium merupakan salah satu sumber penghasil limbah cair, padat dan gas yang berbahaya bila tidak ditangani secara benar. Sumber Limbah • Bahan baku kadaluarsa • Bahan habis pakai (medium biakan yang tidak terpakai) • Produk proses di laboratorium (sisa spesimen) • Produk upaya penanganan limbah (jarum suntik sekali pakai setelah disterilkan) – laboratorium klinik Jangan membuang residu zat kimia ke saluran pembuangan air !!! Safety in Laboratory
  • 72. Page 72 Limbah Bahan Kimia Berbahaya Limbah yang mempunyai efek toksik dan berbahaya terhadap manusia. Secara umum, semua limbah yang bertanda di bawah ini adalah berbahaya. limbah harus dikumpulkan dan dikirim ke perusahaan pengelola limbah profesional.
  • 73. Page 73 Pengumpulan Limbah Laboratorium Pembuangan Limbah • Limbah laboratorium dikumpulkan dan dibuang dalam wadah terpisah menurut tipe bahan kimia yang berkaitan • dipastikan bahan kimia yang terkumpul dalam satu kategori tidak bereaksi satu sama lain • Pengecekan untuk kandungan asam dan basa, pH indikator (No. Kat. 1.09535) • Sebelum dikumpulkan, lakukan penetralan. Sediakan larutan penetral
  • 74. Page 74 Wadah untuk Cairan Pelarut Organik • Dapat tahan terhadap bahan kimia yang disimpan • Tidak mudah pecah/rusak • Anti-bocor dan rapat gas • Memiliki sertifikat UN untuk pengangkutan limbah internasional • Wadah harus ditempatkan di ruang berventilasi baik • Wadah harus disimpan tertutup rapat untuk mencegah penguapan uap berbahaya • Pilih wadah yang tepat (mengeliminir kebocoran) Safety in Laboratory
  • 75. Asam asetat Alkohol, asam kromat, etilen glikol,asam nitrat, asam perklorat, peroksida, permanganat Asetat anhidrat Asam kromat, etilen glikol, asam nitrat, asam perklorat, peroksida, permanganat. alkohol, air : senyawa yang mengandung hidroksil Aseton Campuran asam nitrat / asam sulfat pekat Asetilen halogen, tembaga dan alloy nya, silver and mercury, garam logam berat Logam alkali Air, asam, alkohol, halogen, asam halida, oksigen udara,garam, hidrokarbon terhalogenasi, seluruh oksidator, karbon dioksida Page 75 Inkompatibel – Senyawa yang tidak boleh bercampur Alkil aluminium Air, udara,alkohol Aluminium klorida Air, alkohol, hidrida Bubuk aluminium Semua agen oksidator, asam, alkali, hidrokarbon halogenasi, peroksida Amoniak dan alkil amina yang lebih rendah halogen, bubuk logam, asam, merkuri (dari termometer), kalsium hipoklorit, asam fluorida Ammonium nitrat Asam, bubuk logam, cairan mudah menyala, klorat, nitrat, sulfur, senyawa organik bercabang atau material mudah menyala Senyawa arsenik Senyawa pereduksi Safety in Laboratory
  • 76. Agenda 06 How to find additional safety info and support 76 Safety in Laboratory
  • 77. Are you interested? 77 Safety products for solvents Withdrawal systems for inorganics ChemizorbÂŽ absorbents ExtranÂŽ detergents Drying Agents Safebreak Bottles HDPE bottles ExtranÂŽ 5l canister Safety in Laboratory
  • 78. Further Information Manuals – the whole story Comprehensive, illustrated bilingual manuals (EN/DE) Printed manual (included in product packaging) Online manual (available on demand – incl. all updates) Online video manuals (available on demand) www.merckmillipore.com Maximize safety: ask for individual support! • Video “Safety in the laboratory” (Video length: 7:11 min) • Handling video manuals for each solvent withdrawal system www.merckmillipore.com/safety-film www.sigmaaldrich.com/lab-safety 78 Safety in Laboratory
  • 79. Further Information Technical product details Technical data sheets (available on request) • Additional technical details on e.g. materials, threads • Mainly with picture and/or drawing • Also available for packaging, e.g. bottles, containers Individual installations (available on request for high volume business) • Individual support and product selection • Customized products on request Maximize safety and ask for individual support! 79 Safety in Laboratory
  • 80. Maximize your safety Safety information ONLINE www.SigmaAldrich.com/lab-safety www.MerckMillipore.com/safety www.MerckMillipore.com/safety-film 80 Safety in Laboratory
  • 82. We are looking forward to your questions! Thank you very much for your kind attention! 82 Safety in Laboratory