This document summarizes Linked Library Data initiatives and the role of the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative. It discusses how libraries are publishing structured data using vocabularies like FRBR, MARC, and RDA. It also outlines efforts to align library metadata with the Dublin Core Abstract Model and link library data on the web through the W3C Linked Data Incubator Group. The document concludes that distributing bibliographic control through linked data allows for greater interlinking and description of values as non-literal resources.

1. Linked Library Data, LOD-LAM, &
the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative
Presented 2012-06-01
Linked Ancient World Data Institute
Corey A Harper

2. Topical Overview
• - Value Vocabs
• Talk outline:
- id.loc
* A few principles that didn't come up
yesterday - fast
- Open vs. Closed world - viaf
assumption - Instance data
- Graph Merging - British Library stuff & more
* LOD-LAM - W3C Incubator Group
* Libraries in the LOD-LAM - Archives
- RDF Vocabs - ALA, IFLA, ExL, & more
- Non-Library * DCMI
* BiBo
- DCAM
* FRBR Fake
* DCterms - Metadata Registries
- Library - Vocabulary Alignment
* Official FRBR * Where does this fit?
* ISBD & other IFLA * Services from Libraries & Library
* MARC 21 Data?
* BibFrame * Use cases for LAWDI & AW
* RDAdigi Scholarship
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3. 3 Takeaways
• Libraries are doing a lot in this
space
• We want to do more, including
building infrastructure for your
research
• The Dublin Core Metadata Initiative
is more than a set of vocabularies.
We’re working on how to do this
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4. Library Metadata
• Rich stores of MARC, MODS, &c.
• Robust Controlled Vocabularies
 Subject Heading lists
 Code lists
 Thesauri
• Emerging data model in FR*
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5. Era of
“Perpetual
Metadata
Heterogeneity”
--or--
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6. Ethan Gruber’s Alphabet Soup
MODS MARC METS DC EAD MADS TEI
MEI CIDOC-CRM SKOS RDF RDFS
XML FGDC FRBR EAC-CPF ISO-19115
FRSAD MARC-XML VRA FRAD PB-
CORE DARWIN-CORE &c &c &c
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7. Bibliographic Vocabs
• Bibliographic Ontology (Bibo)
 Zotero, Omeka, EPrints and Others
• FRBR – unofficial
 And now Official (Thank you IFLA!)
• International Standard for Bibliographic
Description (ISBD)
• Resource Description and Access (RDA)
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9. Linked Library [Archive, Museum] Data
• LIBRIS (Swedish Union Catalog)
• Library of Congress (LCSH, OSI)
• German National Library
• Hungarian National Library
• British Library
• Europeana
• Archives Hub, LOCAH & Linking Lives
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10. LCSH in Dublin Core
• Encoding Scheme for DC Subject
• No easy way to draw on equivelent
terms and cross-references
• Abstract Model, RDF and SKOS are
enabling applications to make use of the
whole vocabulary
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11. LCSH as a Web Service!
• Uses principles of linked data
• lcsh.info -> id.loc.gov
• People noticed when taken down
• Links to French Subject Headings
• URIs for Literal String lookup
• http://id.loc.gov/authorities/label/World Wide Web
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14. Swedish National Library
RDF Data
http://blog.libris.kb.se/semweb/?p=7
Image courtesy of Martin Malmstem
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15. Image courtesy of Ed Summers
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16. Image courtesy of Ed Summers
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17. Other Vocabularies
• Thesaurus for Economics
• French Subject Headings
• Swedish Subject Headings
• IconClass (not on web yet)
• OCLC Terminology Services
• Dewey Decimal Classification
• Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)
• Faceted Application of Subject Terminology
(FAST)
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18. Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)
• http://viaf.org/
• http://viaf.org/viaf/data
• 20+ Authority Files
• Map/Reduce in Hadoop
• ODC-By License
 For attribution at triple level, using OCLC
URI is sufficient
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19. Social Networks of Archival Context
Image From: http://inkdroid.org/journal/2010/08/12/archival-context-on-the-web/
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20. Linking Lives – Screenshots from P. Johnston
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21. Linking Lives – Screenshots from P. Johnston
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22. Resource Description and Access
• Current focus on MARC
 Much criticism
 Within MARC, not a tremendous change
 Different problems outside of MARC
• Possible focus outside of MARC
 RDA as realization of FRBR
 RDA as Metadata Vocabularies
 RDA as related to Bibo
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23. RDA as Metadata Vocabularies
Slide Adapted from Diane Hillmann
• RDA elements, roles and vocabularies
have been provisionally registered
• IFLA FRBRer and ISBD elements and
vocabularies have been officially
registered
• Discussions about long term
maintenance of both RDA and the
vocabularies
• Effort to create multi-language RDA
Vocabularies
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24. Metadata Registries
• Formerly NSDL Registry
 Now “Open Metadata Registry”
 Managing Vocabularies
 Providing Vocabulary Services
• RDA – Now adding translations
• IFLA Work
 FRBR, FRAD, FRSAD, ISBD
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26. BIBO and RDAVocab
• Open question re: alignment
 DCMI Vocabulary Management & Alignment
• Simplified view of Bib Data is useful
 Interlinking with more general data
 Interlinking with non-library domain data
• FRBR as internal model for library
domain
• Examples
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27. Dublin Core Efforts
• Dublin Core Metadata Initiative, more
than Dublin Core Metadata Element Set
• Dublin Core Abstract Model
• Application and Description Set Profiles
• Harmonization, not Normalization
• Vocabulary Management Infrastructure
 Including Mapping Efforts
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28. DCAM Resource Model
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29. DCAM Resource Model: Subtle Difference
• Property-Value pairs built around notion
of “Described Resource”
• Centralizing triples around a single
object
 Becoming Property-Value pairs
• Preserving DC 1:1 Principle by including
descriptions of “related resource”
• How to validate???
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31. Conclusions
• Distributed bibliographic control environment
 Linking Data
 Focus on identification over description
• “In short, by treating values as non-literal
resources and assigning URIs to them we give
ourselves (and others) the hooks on which to
hang further descriptions.” - Andy Powell
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32. W3C Linked Library Data Incubator
• Collected, Curated and Clustered over
50 Use Cases
• Mined use cases for functional
requirements and design patterns
• Recommendations to W3C
 Should lead to Working Groups
(or new Community Groups)
• http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/lld/
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33. Other Activities
• ALCTS/LITA Linked Library Data IG
• IFLA Semantic Web IG
 https://wiki.d-nb.de/x/vA10Ag
• Open Knowledge Foundation
 http://okfn.org/
• CKAN Linked Library Data Group:
 http://ckan.net/group/lld
• LC’s Bibliographic Framework Initiative
 http://www.loc.gov/marc/transition/
• IGELU Linked Data Interest Group
 http://igelu.org/special-interests/lod
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34. Thanks!
Questions?
corey.harper@nyu.edu
212.998.2479
@chrpr
http://delicious.com/charper/lawditalk
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