Data Gathering and Presentation

1. DATA
COLLECTION AND
PRESENTATION

2. OBJECTIVES:
1.Differentiate primary data from secondary data.
2.Identify the different methods of collecting and
presenting data.
3.Construct statistical tables.
4.Choose and construct the appropriate graphs for
particular types of data.

3. COLLECTION OF DATA
TYPES OF
DATA
PRIMARY
DATA
SECONDA
RY DATA

4. Primary Data
• Data that has been collected from first-hand information is
known as primary data. It has more reliable, authentic and
not been published anywhere.
• Primary data is done by the investigator himself.

5. Methods
of
Collecting
Primary
Data

6. SECONDARY DATA
•Secondary data are those that have already been
collected by others.
•These are usually in journals, periodicals, research
publication ,official record etc.
•When it is not possible to collect the data by
primary method, the investigator go for
secondary method.

7. DATA PRESENTATION

8. METHODS OF
PRESENTING
DATA
TEXTUAL
FORM
GRAHICAL/
PICTORIAL FORM
TABULAR
FORM

9. A. TEXTUAL PRESENTATION OF DATA
Data can be presented using
paragraphs or sentences.
It involves enumerating
important characteristics,
emphasizing significant figures
and identifying important
features of data.

10. EXAMPLE:
You are asked to present the performance of your section in
Statistics test. The following are the test scores of your class:
34 42 20 50 17 9 34 43
50 18 35 43 50 23 23 35
37 38 38 39 39 38 38 39
24 29 25 26 28 27 44 44
49 48 46 45 45 46 45 46

11. SOLUTION
9 23 28 35 38 43 45 48
17 24 29 37 39 43 45 49
18 25 34 38 39 44 46 50
20 26 34 38 39 44 46 50
23 27 35 38 42 45 46 50
First, arrange the data from lowest to highest in order
for you to identify the important characteristics.

12. In the Statistics class of 40
students, 3 obtained the perfect score
of 50. Sixteen students got a score of
40 and above, while only 3 got 19 and
below. Generally, the students
performed well in the test with 23 or
70% getting a passing score of 38 and
above.

13. B. TABULAR
Below is a sample of a table with all of its parts indicated:
TABLE TITLE
TABLE NUMBER
COLUMN
HEADER
ROW CLASSIFIER
BODY
SOURCE NOTE

14. C. GRAPHICAL/DIAGRAMS
Diagrams and graphs are extremely useful
because:
1. They are attractive to the eyes.
2. 4. Facilitate comparison of data.

15. KINDS OF
GRAPHS
LINE
GRAPH
BAR
GRAPH
PIE
GRAPH
HISTOGRAM
FREQUENCY
POLYGON

16. FREQUENCY POLYGON:
1. The most commonly used graphic
device to illustrate statistical distribution.
2. Used to represent frequency distribution
of quantitative data.
3. Useful to compare 2 or more frequency
distributions.

18. HISTOGRAM
1. It is a bar diagram without gap
between bars.
2. If we draw frequencies of each group
or class intervals in the form of columns
or rectangles such a diagram is called
histogram.
3. It represents a frequency distribution.

20. LINE GRAPH

21. BAR GRAPH

22. BAR GRAPH
77.1
57.2
18
63.4
44.3
9.8
0 20 40 60 80 100
55 to 59
60- to 64
65 +
Women
Men
Figure 3.5 Percent of Men and Women 55 Years and Above in the
Civilian Labor Force, 2002

23. PIE GRAPH

24. PICTOGRAPH

25. STATISTICAL MAP