Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. There are four main goals of psychology: describe, understand/explain, predict, and control behaviors. Some key fields of study include abnormal, biopsychology, clinical, cognitive, and developmental psychology. The major schools of thought in psychology are structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, psychoanalysis, and Gestalt psychology. Common research methods used in psychology include surveys, case studies, experiments, questionnaires/interviews, standardized tests, and observations.
Psychology is an academic and scientific study of mental processes and behavior. Psychologists study such concepts as perception, cognition, emotion, personality, behavior, interpersonal relationships, and the individual and collective unconscious.
Psychology also refers to the application of such knowledge to various spheres of human activity including issues related to daily life—e.g. family, education, and work—and the treatment of mental health problems.
Psychology includes many sub-fields of study and application concerned with such areas as human development, sports, health, industry, media, law.
Psychology is the science of the intellects, characters and behavior of animals including man. Human education is concerned with certain changes in the intellects, characters and behavior of men, its problems being roughly included under these four topics: Aims, materials, means and methods.
Educational psychology is the study of human learning. The study of learning processes, both cognitive and affective, allows researchers to understand individual differences in behavior, personality, intellect, and self- concept. The field of educational psychology heavily relies on testing, measurement, assessment, evaluation, and training to enhance educational activities and learning processes. This can involve studying instructional processes within the classroom setting.
Educational psychology can in part be understood through its relationship with other disciplines. It is informed primarily by psychology, bearing a relationship to that discipline analogous to the relationship between medicine and biology. It is also informed by neuroscience. Educational psychology in turn informs a wide range of specialities within educational studies, including instructional design, educational technology, curriculum development, organizational learning, special education and classroom management. Educational psychology both draws from and contributes to cognitive science and the learning sciences.
Psychology is an academic and scientific study of mental processes and behavior. Psychologists study such concepts as perception, cognition, emotion, personality, behavior, interpersonal relationships, and the individual and collective unconscious.
Psychology also refers to the application of such knowledge to various spheres of human activity including issues related to daily life—e.g. family, education, and work—and the treatment of mental health problems.
Psychology includes many sub-fields of study and application concerned with such areas as human development, sports, health, industry, media, law.
Psychology is the science of the intellects, characters and behavior of animals including man. Human education is concerned with certain changes in the intellects, characters and behavior of men, its problems being roughly included under these four topics: Aims, materials, means and methods.
Educational psychology is the study of human learning. The study of learning processes, both cognitive and affective, allows researchers to understand individual differences in behavior, personality, intellect, and self- concept. The field of educational psychology heavily relies on testing, measurement, assessment, evaluation, and training to enhance educational activities and learning processes. This can involve studying instructional processes within the classroom setting.
Educational psychology can in part be understood through its relationship with other disciplines. It is informed primarily by psychology, bearing a relationship to that discipline analogous to the relationship between medicine and biology. It is also informed by neuroscience. Educational psychology in turn informs a wide range of specialities within educational studies, including instructional design, educational technology, curriculum development, organizational learning, special education and classroom management. Educational psychology both draws from and contributes to cognitive science and the learning sciences.
Read Online (PDF) Educational Psychology Reader The Art and Science of How Pe...berkeleyasntyuty
The revised edition of Educational Psychology Reader The Art and Science of How People Learn presents an exciting amalgam of educational psychology8217s researchbased reflections framed in twentyfirst century critical educational psychology. As a discipline educational psychology is reinventing itself from its early and almost exclusive identification with psychometrics and taxonomystyled classifications to a dynamic and multicultural collage of conversations concerning language acquisition socially mediated learning diverse learning modalities motivation the affective domain brainbased learning the role of ecology in increasing achievement and many other complementary dimensions of how people learn. Many polymaths of the discipline are included in this volume providing daunting evidence of the range and intellectual rigor of educational psychology at this historical juncture. Featuring a collection of renowned international authors this text will appeal to scholars across the globe. T
Read Online (PDF) Educational Psychology Reader The Art and Science of How Pe...berkeleyasntyuty
The revised edition of Educational Psychology Reader The Art and Science of How People Learn presents an exciting amalgam of educational psychology8217s researchbased reflections framed in twentyfirst century critical educational psychology. As a discipline educational psychology is reinventing itself from its early and almost exclusive identification with psychometrics and taxonomystyled classifications to a dynamic and multicultural collage of conversations concerning language acquisition socially mediated learning diverse learning modalities motivation the affective domain brainbased learning the role of ecology in increasing achievement and many other complementary dimensions of how people learn. Many polymaths of the discipline are included in this volume providing daunting evidence of the range and intellectual rigor of educational psychology at this historical juncture. Featuring a collection of renowned international authors this text will appeal to scholars across the globe. T
Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, aiming to understand how individuals think, feel, and act in various situations. Its nature encompasses both objective observation and subjective experience, delving into areas such as cognition, emotion, perception, motivation, and social interaction. Branches of psychology include clinical, counseling, developmental, cognitive, social, and experimental psychology, each focusing on distinct aspects of human behavior and mental processes. Types of psychology range from applied fields like industrial-organizational and forensic psychology to theoretical areas such as neuropsychology and evolutionary psychology, collectively contributing to a comprehensive understanding of human nature and behavior.
Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It has the same goals as other sciences; to describe, explain, predict and control behaviour. Utilizes critical thinking. Theories are based on empirical data. Research is conducted in a systematic and scientific manner
General psychology
Introduction to Psychology, Definition, What is Psychology : Nature of Psychology, Psychology as a science, The challenges of studying psychology, Schools of Psychology
Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and behavior. It explores various aspects of our mental life, including emotions, thoughts, motivations, and personalities, as well as the ways in which we interact with the world around us. It is also concerned with understanding how individuals develop, learn, and grow over time, and how they adapt to different types of experiences and environments. Some of the major subspecialties within psychology include clinical psychology, developmental psychology, cognitive psychology, social psychology, and neuropsychology. Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and behavior. It explores various aspects of our mental life, including emotions, thoughts, motivations, and personalities, as well as the ways in which we interact with the world around us. It is also concerned with understanding how individuals develop, learn, and grow over time, and how they adapt to different types of experiences and environments. Some of the major subspecialties within psychology include clinical psychology, developmental psychology, cognitive psychology, social psychology, and neuropsychology. Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and behavior. It explores various aspects of our mental life, including emotions, thoughts, motivations, and personalities, as well as the ways in which we interact with the world around us. It is also concerned with understanding how individuals develop, learn, and grow over time, and how they adapt to different types of experiences and environments. Some of the major subspecialties within psychology include clinical psychology, developmental psychology, cognitive psychology, social psychology, and neuropsychology. Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and behavior. It explores various aspects of our mental life, including emotions, thoughts, motivations, and personalities, as well as the ways in which we interact with the world around us. It is also concerned with understanding how individuals develop, learn, and grow over time, and how they adapt to different types of experiences and environments. Some of the major subspecialties within psychology include clinical psychology, developmental psychology, cognitive psychology, social psychology, and neuropsychology. Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and behavior. It explores various aspects of our mental life, including emotions, thoughts, motivations, and personalities, as well as the ways in which we interact with the world around us. It is also concerned with understanding how individuals develop, learn, and grow over time, and how they adapt to different types of experiences and environments. Some of the major subspecialties within psychology include clinical psychology, developmental psychology, cognitive psychology, social psychology, and neuropsychology.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. Psychology - defined as the
science or the scientific study of
behavior and mental processes
■ 16th century – it comes from the two Greek word
“Psyche” – soul/mind
“logos” –study of
It was define as the study of soul
3. ■ William James define
Psychology as the science of
mental life, the science of
feelings, desires and cognitions,
reasoning, decision and the like
4.
5. 4 Main Goals of Psychology
■ Describe
-Describe the person’s behavior or action
■ Understand/Explain
-How we behave in different situation
■ Predict
-We predict based on the given situation
■ Control
-Modify behavior and mental process Based on
accurate prediction
6. Why Psychology is an
important Subject?
■ To be able to deal effectively to the people
around you
■ To understand the nature of people especially
the person whose behavior are different
■ To be able to know on how to react accordingly
■ To be able to understand yourself
■ To become a well-rounded person
■ To gain a better understanding of himself and
improve his behavior
■ To gain insight into one’s own personality so that
we can adjust more with other people
8. Fields of Study in
Psychology
■ Abnormal Psychology
(psychopathology) – etiology or cause
of mental and personality disorder
■ Biopsychology – study the biological
basis of behavior with focus on the
operation of the brain and nervous
system.
■ Counseling Psychology (vocational) –
the fields of psychology which deals with
the problem of normal individual
9. Fields of Study in
Psychology
■ Clinical Psychology – study the
diagnosis and treatment of abnormal
behavior in clinical setting
■ Cognitive Psychology – branch of
psychology that studies all mental
process. Focuses on higher mental
functions like thought, language, memory,
problem solving, reasoning and decision
making.
10. Fields of Study in
Psychology
■ Developmental Psychology – study
changes in behavior and cognitive
process across their life span.
■ Experimental – this specialized in the
investigation and experimentation of the
physiological aspect of behavior, the
process of sensing, perceiving, learning
and thinking.
■ Industrial Psychology – field that
applies the methods, facts and principles
of Psychology to people at work
11. Fields of Study in
Psychology
■ Personality (Dynamic) – study the
consistency a changes in a person’s
behavior overtime. It deals with the
characteristic and trait of a person.
■ Psychometrics/Mathematical
psychology – applies statistical
procedures and analysis of data and
human behavior. A field of Psychology
that involved in measurement and
evaluation of individual as well as groups.
12. Fields of Study in
Psychology
■ Social Psychology – studies the way
people’s thought, feelings and action are
affected by others.
■ Sports Psychology – focuses on social,
mental and emotional problems of
athlete.
■ Legal Psychology or Forensic –
application of the principles of human
behavior in law and legal proceedings
14. STRUCTURALISM
■ Major contribution to psychology leads to formation of
other discipline
■ (1879) Wilhelm Wundt – He is considered as the 1st
modern psychologist
■ He established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig,
Germany 19th century
■ Structuralism was the study of the most basic elements,
primarily sensations that make up our conscious mental
process
■ Wundt’s greatest contribution was his method of
introspection
15. ■ A method which ask a person to verbalized his
thoughts and feelings without any censorship
■ The structuralist were primarily concerned with
discovering the structure of the mind
■ Structuralist analyzed conscious mental
experiences into basic elements
■ A. sensation
■ B. images
■ C. affective state/feelings
■ Edward Bradford Titchener – Wundt’s favorite
pupil developed the school of structuralism in the
US.
16. FUNCTIONALISM
■ Instead of self-analysis of the conscious mental experience
the functionalist studied how the mind affect’s what people
do
■ Given and developed by a group of American(Stanley Hall,
John Dewey) psychologist toward the middle of 1850’s
■ Emphasize on the study of the mind as it functions in
adapting the organism to the environment
■ Functionalism which was the study of function rather than
the structure of consciousness was interested in how mind
adapt to our changing environment
■ Many leaders were identified with the movement but the
most prominent of whom were WILLIAM JAMES
17. ■ (1890) William James published his book Principles of
Psychology(12 years he labored this book)
■ He clearly stated that his psychology was a functional one
whose aim was not to reduce mind to elements but to study
consciousness as an ongoing process or stream
■ He advanced the idea that the conscious mind is a “streamof
thought consciousness and subjective life” flowing like a river
that cannot be broken into parts”.
■ Focused and studied on children and uneducated people
■ Thus topics in psychology increases and include memory,
thinking and personality
JOHN DEWEY
■ Applied the theories and principles of psychology to the
improvement of education
HUGO MUNSTENBURG
■ Applied to increase productivity in industry
■ It gives systematic answer to what do men do? And why do
they do it
18. BEHAVIORISM
■ A school of psychology that rejected the 1st 3 school of
psychology who studied the mind and mental experience
to explain human behavior
■ The school of behaviorism was founded by JOHN B.
WATSON (PhD in University of Chicago)
19. ■ Watson express his dissatisfaction over structuralism and
functionalism
■ He did not believe in introspection as a method in the
study of psychology instead he advocate objective and
experimental observation
■ Watson defined psychology as the science of behavior and
behavioral response that are to be described objectively in
terms of stimulus response, habit formation and habit
integration
■ According to him, all behavior represents learned response
to a particular environmental stimuli
■ He believed that by controlling environmental stimuli, one
could shape an infant’s character into anything he might
wish
■ For him only observable method should be the basis of
study and experimentation
20. ■ “Objective Method” – measurement and observation S-R
psychology
All behavior represents learned behavior and response
3 important characteristics
■ • Conditioned reflexes - building blocks of behavior
■ • Learned behavior
■ • Denies the existence of instincts or inborn tendencies
21. PSYCHOANALYSIS
Sigmund Freud – Viennese Austrian physician and
psychiatrist
■ He attempt to find the cause and cure of personality
disorder
■ He postulated on the existence of unconscious mental
process
■ It was developed from the study and treatment of mental
patients suffering from psychological disorder
■ He found out that many of his patients with nervous
disorders were in reality suffering from mental conflicts
■ The third school of psychology to emerge next to
structuralism and functionalism
■ Sigmund Freud – founder of psychoanalysis includes the
unconscious mind in a formal psychological theory – he
called it psychic determinism
22. GESTALT
Max Wertheimer
Wolfgang Kohler
Kurt Koffka
■ Its fundamental principle states that the whole is more than
the sum of its parts
■ They put more importance on the study of the over all pattern
of any experience than the specific elements which made it
up
■ Contribution: perception
■ Learning, memory, problem solving
■ Gestalt – is a German word which means shape, form,
configuration
■ MOTTO: “The whole is different from the sum of its
parts”.
■ His claim that we perceive and think about he whole rather
than simple combination of separate element
■ He thinks that we can perceive and think about the whole
23. Methods of Research in
Studying Behavior in
Psychology
■ Survey. A survey is a way to obtain information by asking
many individuals either person to person, by telephone, or
by mail to answer a fixed set of questions about particular
subjects or events.
■ Case study. The case study is an in-depth analysis of
thoughts, feelings, beliefs, experiences, behaviors, or
problems of a single individual.
■ An experiment. Is a method for identifying cause-and-
effect relationships by following a set of rules and
guidelines that minimize the possibility of error, bias, and
chance occurrences.
■ Questionnaire and Interviews. An interview is a
technique for obtaining information by asking subjects to
read a list of written questions, ranging from open-ended to
structured, about a subject’s behaviors and attitudes,
usually in a one-on-one situation.
24. ■ Standardized tests. A standardized test is a technique to
obtain information by administering a psychological test
that has been standardized, which means that the test has
been given to hundreds of people and has been shown to
reliably measure thought patterns, personality traits,
emotions, or behaviors.
■ Observations. It is the most widely used method.
Researchers gather information by looking at a certain
behavior and attempting to explain it by studying it in
detail, recording it and finding patterns.