This document discusses business objectives and stakeholders. It defines objectives as targets a business sets for itself, both short-term and long-term. Setting objectives can increase motivation, make decision-making easier, reduce conflicts, and allow managers to assess performance. Common business objectives include survival, profit, growth, and market share. Stakeholders are any groups affected by the business and include shareholders, workers, managers, customers, government, banks, and the community. Each stakeholder group has its own objectives that may sometimes conflict with other objectives. Public sector businesses have financial, service, and social objectives rather than profit-maximization.

1. Business Studies
Chapter 5 Business Objectives and stakeholders Objectives
Objective
An objective is a target that a business sets itself. The target may be short term (one year) or long
term (five years).
Benefits of setting objectives
 Increases motivation as employees and managers now have clear targets to work
towards.
 Decision making will be easier and less time consuming as there are set targets to
base decisions on. i.e, decisions will be taken in order to achieve business
objectives.
 Setting objectives reduces conflicts and helps unite the business towards reaching
the same goal.
 Managers can compare the business’ performance to its objectives and make
any changes in its activities if required.
Business Objectives:
Objectives vary with different businesses due to size, sector and many other factors.
however, many business in the private sector aim to achieve the following objectives.
• Survival: New or small firms usually have survival as a primary objective. Firms
in a highly competitive market will also be more concerned with survival rather
than any other objective. To achieve this, firms could decide to lower prices, which
would mean forsaking other objectives such as profit maximization.
• Profit: This is the income of a business from its activities after deducting total
costs. Private sector firms usually have profit making as a primary objective. This
is because profits are required for further investment into the business as well as
for the payment of return to the shareholders/owners of the business.
• Growth: Once a business has passed its survival stage it will aim for growth and
expansion. This is usually measured by value of sales or output. Aiming for
business growth can be very beneficial. A larger business can ensure greater
job security and salaries for employees. The business can also benefit from
higher market share and economies of scale.
• Market share: This can be defined as the proportion of total market sales achieved
by one business. Increased market share can bring about many benefits to the
business such as increased customer loyalty, setting up of brand image, etc.

2. • Service to the society: Some operations in the private sectors such as social
enterprises do not aim for profits and prefer to set more economical objectives.
They aim to better the society by providing social,
environmental and financial aid.
A business’ objectives do not remain the same forever. As market situations change
and as the business itself develops, its objectives will change to reflect its current
market and economic position. For example, a firm facing serious economic
recession could change its objective from profit maximization to short term survival.
Stakeholder groups:
A stakeholder is any person or group that is interested in or directly affected by
the performance or activities of a business. These stakeholder groups can be
external – groups that are outside the business or they can be internal – those groups
that work for or own the business. Following are some of the stakeholders groups and
their objectives:
Shareholder/ Owners:
These are the risk takers of the business. They invest capital into the business to set
up and expand it. These shareholders are liable to a share of the profits made by the
business.
Objectives:
• Shareholders are entitled to a rate of return on the capital they have
invested into the business and will therefore have profit maximization as an
objective.
• Business growth will also be an important objective as this will ensure that the
value of the shares will increase.
Workers:
These are the people that are employed by the business and are directly involved in
its activities.
Objectives:
• Contract of employment that states all the right and responsibilities to and of the
employees.
• Regular payment for the work done by the employees.
• Workers will want to benefit from job satisfaction as well as motivation.
• The employees will want job security– the ability to be able to work without the
fear of being dismissed or made redundant.
Managers:
They are also employees but managers control the work of others. Managers are in
charge of making key business decisions.

3. Objectives:
• Like regular employees, managers too will aim towards a secure job.
• Higher salaries due to their jobs requiring more skill and effort.
• Managers will also wish for business growth as a bigger business means that
managers can control a bigger and well known business.
Customers:
Customers are a very important part of every business. They purchase and consume
the goods and services that the business produces/ provides. Successful businesses
use market research to find out customer preferences before producing their goods.
Objectives:
• Price that reflects the quality of the good.
• The products must be reliable and safe.i.e, there must not be any false
advertisement of the products.
• The products must be well designed and of a perceived quality.
Government:
The role of the government is to protect the workers and customers from the
business’ activities and safeguard their interests.
Objectives:
• The government will want the business to grow and survive as they will bring a lot
of benefits to the economy. A successful business will help increase the total
output of the country, will improve employment as well as increase
government revenue through payment of taxes.
• They will expect the firms to stay within the rules and regulations set by the
government.
Banks:
These banks provide financial help for the business’ operations’
Objectives:
• The banks will expect the business to be able to repay the amount that has been lent
along with the interest on it. The bank will thus have business liquidity as its
objective.
Community:
This consists of all the stakeholder groups, especially the third parties that are affected
by the business’ activities.
Objectives:
• The business must offer jobs and employ local employees.
• The production process of the business must in no way harm the environment.
• Products must be socially responsible and must not pose any harmful effects from
consumption.
Conflicts of stakeholders’ objectives:

4. As all stakeholders have their own aims they would like to achieve, it is natural that
conflicts of stakeholders’ interests could occur.
For example, workers will aim towards earning higher salaries. Shareholders might
not want this to happen as paying higher salaries could mean that less profit will be
left over for payment of return to the shareholders.
Public- sector businesses:
Government owned and controlled businesses do not have the same objectives as
those in the private sector.
Objectives:
• Financial: Although these businesses do not aim to maximize profits, they will
have to met the profit target set by the government. This is so that it can be
reinvested into the business for meeting the needs of the society.
• Service: The main aim of this organization is to provide a service to the community
that must meet the quality target set by the government.
• Social: Most of these social enterprises are set up in order to aid the community.
This can be by providing employment to local citizens, providing good quality
goods and services at an affordable rate, etc.