karya ilmiah BUGEMM

1. CHAPTER IV
FINDING RESEARCH
In this chapter, the writer would like to explain about the discussion of this research
after did the investigation in structure finding and interpretation as below:
4.1. The Result of Research
According to sjostrom (1995), wood has the following composition :
a. Cellulose: 40% - 50%
b. Hemicellulose: 20% - 30%
c. Lignin: 25% - 30%
In this research sawdust that studied after having analyzed the content of cellulose,
lignin, pentosan, water and ash. To get 48.8935% cellulose content, lignin content of
28.8977%, 2.09435% ash content, water content of 6.015%, 14.09945% pentosan content.
The following are the steps to create briquettes :
1. Preparation of raw materials
Raw material for making briquettes used are sawdust, In the process of making sawdust
been through this process of drying use light the sun to reduce the quantity of water
contained in it.
Picture 1.1 Sawdust
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2. 2. The process of carbonization
The process of carbonization is the combustion of sawdust that has been subjected to
drying to obtain a good heat value of wood powder.
Picture 1.2 Process burning
Picture 1.3 Result burning
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3. 3. Smoothing materials
Sawdust that have undergone the process of carbonization in sieve to produce finer
material so that when the printing process briquettes, procude briquettes a more solid
and smooth surface.
Picture 1.4 Sieving process
4. Making adhesive
Adhesive materials for use sago flour and water in the heat, a comparison between
sago flour and water is 1: 2.
Picture 1.5 Cooking adhesive
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4. Picture 1.6 adhesive
5. Process of printing
Process of printing made using pipe, then briquettes in the input material into the
pipe and pressed until completely solid.
Picture 1.7 pipe to print of briquettes
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5. 6. Driying of briquettes
Briquettes that have been printed, and then dried under the sun until completely dry
and the water content is reduced.
Picture 1.9 briquettes are ready in drying
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6. Picture 1.10 briquettes that have been dried
4.2 Discussion
After doing research the producing of briquettes, obtained discussion of the
influence of the material in the processing of briquettes using sawdust. The discussion
showed more water content, calorie value and density of briquettes to support the success
or failure of a this research.
4.2.1 Water Content
Water content of briquettes effect on the calorific value. The smaller water content,
then the higher its calorie value. Charcoal briquettes have higher hygroscopic, so the
calculation of water content purpose to determine the character hygroscopic of charcoal
briquettes results in this research. Measuring of water content made began from the dough
briquettes, briquettes after pressed and briquettes after being dried in the sun for about 4
days depending on the weather. Based on the analysis and calculations performed on
condition of water content can be view in Table.
Table. Average of water content briquettes
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No Day Weigh briquettes (gr)
1 First 150 gr
2 Second 120 gr
3 Third 80 gr
4 Forth 50 gr

7. 4.2.2 Calorie Value
Calorie value very effect toward the quality of briquettes. The higher calorie value,
then the better quality of briquettes that result. Charcoal briquettes have some excess than
usual charcoal (conventional), such as:
1. Heat that result from charcoal briquettes relative the higher than usual wood and the
calorie value can to attain 5.000 calories.
2. The charcoal briquettes if burning don not appear smoke or smell, so for weak
economic community that live in the cities with home ventilation less to suffice, very
practical to use charcoal briquettes.
3. After charcoal briquettes burned do not need give air.
4. The technology making charcoal briquettes is simple and do not need chemistry
materials.
5. The tools that using also is simple, enough with tools there are harmonizing necessary.
Calorie value the effect by water content and ashes content briquettes. The higher
water content and ashes content briquettes, therefore can descending calorie value in
briquettes that result.
4.2.3 The density of briquettes
The density is comparisons between heavy with the volume of the briquettes. The
size of the density influenced by the size and homogeneity of the constituent briquettes.
Based on the observations and calculations performed on the value of the density at each
treatment composition. Smaller particle size can expand the field of the bonds between the
powder, so can increase the density of briquettes (Masturin, 2002).
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