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Chapter 2
Exercises
1. Issuance of stock
Prepare journal entries to record the issuance of 100,000 shares
of common stock at $20 per share for each of the following inde
pendent cases:
a.
Jackson Corporation has common stock with a par value of $1 p
er share.
b. Royal Corporation has no-
par common with a stated value of $5 per share.
c. French Corporation has no-
par common; no stated value has been assigned.
2. Stock subscriptions: Journal entries
Investors recently subscribed to 5,000 shares of B&J Travel's $1
par-
value common stock at $10 per share. During the year, the comp
any received 80% of the balances due, which resulted in the issu
ance of 4,000 shares of stock.
a. Prepare journal entries to record
1) the subscriptions to investors.
2) the receipt of cash from subscribers.
3) the issuance of shares.
b. Determine the year-
end balance in the Common Stock Subscribed account.
c. Determine the year-
end balance in the Common Stock Subscriptions Receivable acc
ount.
3. Analysis of stockholders' equity
Star Corporation issued both common and preferred stock durin
g 20X6. The stockholders' equity sections of the company's bala
nce sheets at the end of 20X6 and 20X5 follow:
20X6
20X5
Preferred stock, $100 par value, 10%
$ 580,000
$ 500,000
Common stock, $10 par value
2,350,000
1,750,000
Paid-in capital in excess of par value
Preferred
24,000
—
Common
4,620,000
3,600,000
Retained earnings
8,470,000
6,920,000
Total stockholders' equity
$16,044,000
$12,770,000
a.
Compute the number of preferred shares that were issued during
20X6.
b.
Calculate the average issue price of the common stock sold in 2
0X6.
c. By what amount did the company's paid-
in capital increase during 20X6?
d.
Did Star's total legal capital increase or decrease during 20X6?
By what amount?
4. Preparation of stockholders' equity section
The following data relate to LeMaster Corporation as of Decem
ber 31, 20XX, the close of the current accounting period:
. Preferred stock—The company has 1,000 shares of $50 par-
value cumulative preferred stock authorized. The stock pays a 1
0% dividend; to date, 400 shares have been issued at $55 per sh
are.
. Common stock—A total of 25,000 shares of $1 stated-
value common stock is authorized. To date, 10,000 shares have
been issued at $10 per share, and an additional 3,000 shares hav
e been subscribed to at $15 per share.
Assuming a retained earnings balance of $177,000, prepare the s
tockholders' equity section of LeMaster's December 31, 20XX b
alance sheet.
· Bond premium: Straight-line amortization
Castillo Company issued $200,000 of 10% 4-
year bonds on January 1, 20X1 for $216,000. The bonds pay int
erest semiannually on June 30 and December 31.
e.
Prepare the required journal entry to record the bond issuance o
n January 1, 20X1.
e.
Prepare entries to record the interest payment and premium amo
rtization on June 30 and December 31, 20X1. Castillo uses the s
traight-line method of amortization.
e. Compute 20X1 bond interest expense.
e.
Present the proper disclosure of the bond issue on Castillo's Dec
ember 31, 20X1, balance sheet.
Problems
1. Bond computations: Straight-line amortization
Southlake Corporation issued $900,000 of 8% bonds on March 1
, 20X1. The bonds pay interest on March 1 and September 1 and
mature in 10 years. Assume the independent cases that follow:
· Case A—The bonds are issued at 100.
· Case B—The bonds are issued at 96.
· Case C—The bonds are issued at 105.
Southlake uses the straight-line method of amortization.
Instructions
Complete the following table:
Case A
Case B
Case C
a.
Cash inflow on the issuance date
________
________
________
b.
Total cash outflow throughmaturity
________
________
________
c.
Total borrowing cost over the life of the bond issue
________
________
________
d.
Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 20X1
________
________
________
e.
Amortization for the year ended December 31, 20X1
________
________
________
f.
Unamortized premium or unamoratized discount as of December
31, 20X1 if any
________
________
________
g.
Bond carrying value as of December 31, 20X1
________
________
________
2. Bonds: Journal entries, issuance through retirement
On May 1, 20X1, American Housing Corporation issued $300,0
00 of 12%, 5-
year bonds for $294,200 plus accrued interest. The bonds are da
ted March 1, 20X1, and pay semiannual interest on March 1 and
September 1. American uses the straight-
line method of amortization and will amortize the discount over
the 58 months that the bonds are expected to be outstanding.
Instructions
b.
Prepare journal entries to record (1) the bond issuance on May 1
, 20X1; (2) the semiannual interest payment and discount amorti
zation on September 1, 20X1; and (3) accrued interest and disco
unt amortization on December 31, 20X1.
b. Compute total bond interest expense for 20X1.
b.
Present the proper disclosure of the bond issue on American's D
ecember 31, 20X1, balance sheet.
b.
Prepare journal entries to record the semiannual interest paymen
t and discount amortization on March 1, 20X2.
b.
Assume that the entire bond issue was called at 101, plus accrue
d interest, on July 1, 20X2. Prepare journal entries to record the
bond retirement. Hint: Examine when amortization was last rec
orded.
1. Issuance of stock
Ventures Inc. was formed on January 1 to invest in artwork. The
company is authorized to issue 10,000 shares of $1 par-
value common stock and 1,000 shares of 10%, $50 par-
value cumulative preferred stock. The following selected transa
ctions occurred during the first quarter ofoperation:
Jan. 3
Sold 5,000 shares of common stock to the corporation's founder
s at $30 per share.
19
Sold 600 shares of preferred stock at $58 per share.
Feb. 4
Issued 100 common shares to an attorney for $3,300 of legal wo
rk related to corporate start-up and formation.
11
Issued 2,000 shares of common stock to Pierre LaTour in excha
nge for a painting appraised at $75,000. The art originally cost
LaTour $30,000.
1. Instructions
d. Prepare journal entries to record the company's transactions.
d.
Prepare the stockholders' equity section of the firm's March 31
balance sheet. The Retained Earnings balance on this date totals
$41,000.
d.
The president of Ventures believes that organization costs shoul
d be expensed immediately. Briefly explain why the president's
view is incorrect.
Chapter 3
Exercises
1. Product costs and period costs
The costs that follow were extracted from the accounting record
s of several different manufacturers:
1. Weekly wages of an equipment maintenance worker
2. Marketing costs of a soft drink bottler
3. Cost of sheet metal in a Honda automobile
4. Cost of president's subscription to Fortune magazine
5.
Monthly operating costs of pollution control equipment used in
a steel mill
6. Weekly wages of a seamstress employed by a jeans maker
7.
Cost of compact discs (CDs) for newly recorded releases of Rus
h, Billy Joel, and Bryan Adams
a.
Determine which of these costs are product costs and which are
period costs.
a.
For the product costs only, determine those that are easily trace
d to the finished product and those that are not.
1. Definitions of manufacturing concepts
Interstate Manufacturing produces brass fasteners and incurred t
he following costs for the year just ended:
Materials and supplies used
Brass
$ 75,000
Repair parts
16,000
Machine lubricants
9,000
Wages and salaries
Machine operators
128,000
Production supervisors
64,000
Maintenance personnel
41,000
Other factory overhead
Variable
35,000
Fixed
46,000
Sales commissions
20,000
1. Compute the following:
c. Total direct materials consumed
c. Total direct labor
c. Total prime cost
c. Total conversion cost
1. Understanding cost flows
Executive Wares, which began business on January 1, 20X4, sel
ls high-
priced office accessories to executives. One of the company's pr
oducts, catalog item No. 12, consists of a leather appointment b
ook and a matching pen-and-pencil set—
all assembled and packaged in a gift box by Executive Wares.
During 20X4, the firm purchased 8,000 20X5 appointment book
s from its supplier at $14 each. The following data are available
as of June 30:
Appointment books issued to the Packaging
Department from the storeroom
6,500
Gift sets completed
5,400
Completed gift sets in the warehouse
2,200
Completed gift sets given to customers as samples
20
If no errors or theft occurred during the period, determine the c
ost of the appointment books that would appear
d.
in the company's (1) raw materials, (2) work in process, and (3)
finished goods inventories as of June 30.
d. as cost of goods sold for the period ended June 30.
d. as an operating expense for the period ended June 30.
1. Basic manufacturing computations
Lyon Manufacturing reported total manufacturing costs (direct
materials used, direct labor, and factory overhead) of $549,000
for 20X3. Sales and operating expenses were $759,200 and $142
,500, respectively. The following information appeared on comp
any balance sheets:
For the Year Ended
12/31/X3
12/31/X2
Finished goods
$150,000
$153,700
Work in process
86,400
74,100
1.
Compute cost of goods manufactured, cost of goods sold, and ne
t income for 20X3.
1. Schedule of cost of goods manufactured, income statement
The following information was taken from the ledger of Jefferso
n Industries Inc.:
Direct labor
$ 85,000
Administrative expenses
$59,000
Selling expenses
34,000
Work in. process
Sales
300,000
Jan. 1
29,000
Finished goods
Dec. 31
21,000
Jan. 1
115,000
Direct material purchases
88,000
Dec. 31
131,000
Depreciation: factory
18,000
Raw (direct) materials
Indirect materials used
10,000
on hand
Indirect labor
24,000
Jan. 1
31,000
Factory taxes
8,000
Dec. 31
40,000
Factory utilities
11,000
1. Prepare the following:
h.
A schedule of cost of goods manufactured for the year ended De
cember 31
h. An income statement for the year ended December 31
1. Understanding cost behavior
The planning department of Herzog Company has prepared budg
ets for three probable levels of operation for the upcoming year.
Because of their significance, the following costs have been sel
ected for study:
1.
Level of activity (units)
10,000
12,000
15,000
Total
Per unit
Total
Per unit
Total
Per unit
Direct materials
$ 90,000
$ 9.00
$108,000
$ 9.00
$135,000
$ 9.00
Direct labor
120,000
12.00
144,000
12.00
180,000
12.00
Advertising
300,000
30.00
300,000
25.00
300,000
20.00
Management
Salaries
180,000
18.00
180,000
15.00
180,000
12.00
$690,000
$69.00
$732,000
$61.00
$795,000
$53.00
1.
Addressing his executive staff, Herzog's president commented: "
It's imperative that we implement cost-
cutting programs to reduce advertising and management salaries
. As shown by the per-
unit costs, these variable expenditures are destroying our profit
margins. Our fixed outlays of direct materials and direct labor (
constant at $9.00 and $12.00 per unit, respectively) also need so
me improvement. I know our competitors are paying approximat
ely $19.25 for these same two production factors."
1. Comment on the president's remarks.
Problems
1. Cost classification
E. Turner & Sons manufactures barbecue grills. For each of the
following costs, determine cost behavior (variable or fixed) and
whether the cost is a product or a period cost. If a product cost,
identify the cost as direct materials (DM), direct labor (DL), or
factory overhead (FOH). Item (a) is presented as an example.
2.
Cost
Variable/fixed
Product/period
DM/DL/FOH
a.
Property taxes on the factory
Fixed
Product
FOH
b.
Salary of the production supervisor
___________
___________
___________
c.
Freight costs on shipments to out-of-state customers
___________
___________
___________
d.
Wages of assembly personnel
___________
___________
___________
e.
Grill tops and frames
___________
___________
___________
f.
Straight-line depreciation on factory equipment
___________
___________
___________
g.
Paint used to touch up production scratches
___________
___________
___________
h.
Customer rebate offered on grill No. 301
___________
___________
___________
i.
Heating costs for manufacturing facilities
___________
___________
___________
j.
Wheels attached to portable models
___________
___________
___________
k.
Fees paid for plant security
___________
___________
___________
L
Advertising costs for new product line
___________
___________
___________
3. Straightforward manufacturing statements
The following information was extracted from the accounting re
cords of Olympic Company for the year just ended:
Sales
$628,000
Work in process, Jan. 1
56,700
Advertising expense
23,500
Direct material purchases
231,500
Finished goods, Dec. 31
67,800
Indirect materials used
12,300
Direct labor
85,600
Direct materials, Jan. 1
45,500
Finished goods, Jan. 1
55,900
Direct materials, Dec. 31
38,200
Sales staff salaries
33,300
Work in process, Dec. 31
47,400
Indirect labor
50,700
4.
Utilities, taxes, insurance, and depreciation are incurred jointly
by Olympic's manufacturing, sales, and administrative facilities.
The costs were as follows:
Utilities
$40,000
Taxes
25,000
Insurance
10,000
Depreciation
36,000
5.
The first three costs are allocated proportionately on the basis o
f square feet occupied by the three functional areas. A review of
the company's facilities revealed the following percentages wo
uld be appropriate: manufacturing, 50%; sales, 30%; and admini
strative, 20%. Depreciation is allocated 70, 20, and 10%, respec
tively.
6. Instructions
a.
Prepare a schedule of cost of goods manufactured in good form.
b. Prepare an income statement in good form.
7. Manufacturing statements and cost behavior
Tampa Foundry began operations during the current year, manuf
acturing various products for industrial use. One such product is
light-
gauge aluminum, which the company sells for $36 per roll. Cost
information for the year just ended follows:
Variable cost per unit
Fixed cost
Direct materials
$ 4.50
$ —
Direct labor
6.50
—
Factory overhead
9.00
50,000
Selling
—
70,000
Administrative
—
135,000
8.
Production and sales totaled 20,000 rolls and 17,000 rolls, respe
ctively. There is no work in process. Tampa carries its finished
goods inventory at the average unit cost of production.
9. Instructions
a. Determine the cost of the finished goods inventory of light-
gauge aluminum.
b.
Prepare an income statement for the current year ended Decemb
er 31.
c.
On the basis of the information presented, answer the following
questions:
1) Does it appear that the company pays commissions to its sale
s staff? Explain.
2) What is the likely effect on the $4.50 unit cost of direct mate
rials if next year's production increases? Why?
Student Guidance ReportAshford University ACC206Guidance
ReportWeek TwoLISTEN TO AUDIO/VIDEO EXPLAINING
THE GUIDANCE REPORTYELLOW INDICATES ACCOUNT
AMOUNTS CHANGEDChange Account to:Based Upon Course
Start DateExercise/
ProblemAccount to
be changedOriginal
AmountJan-FebMar-AprMay-JunJul-AugSept-OctNov-
DecShares1000001100012000130001400015000100000Share
price$ 20$ 21$ 22$ 23$ 24$ 25$ 26Ch 2 Ex
1QuestionsYOUR ANSWERS BASED UPON COURSE START
DATEA. CashCommon stockPaid-in-capitalB. CashCommon
stockPaid-in-capitalC. CashCommon stockAccount to
be changedOriginal
Amount20X620X520X620X520X620X520X620X520X620X520
X620X5Ch 2 EX 3Preferred stock, $100 par value, 10%
580000500000600,000500,000620,000500,000640,000500,0006
60,000500,000680,000500,000$ 700,000$ 500,000Common
par101112131415$ 16YOUR ANSWERS BASED UPON
COURSE START DATEA. Preferred shares issuedB. Shares
issued of commonB. Average issued price of commonC. Paid-
in-capital increaseD. Legal capital increaseCh 2 Pb 3Account to
be changedOriginal
AmountJan 3, Common Shares
sold50005,2005,4005,6005,8006,0006,200Share
price58626670747882Attoney
cost33003,6003,9004,2004,5004,8005,100YOUR ANSWERS
BASED UPON COURSE START DATE3-JanCashCommon
stockPaid-in-capital in excess of par common stockJan.
19CashPreferred stockPaid-in-capital in excess of par- Preferred
stock4-FebOrganization costsCommon stockPaid-in-capital in
excess of par common stockInvestment in art workCommon
stockPaid-in-capital in excess of par common stockStockholders
EquityCommon stock, $1 par-value, authorized 10,000 shares,
shares issued and outstandingPreferred stock,10%, $50 par,
authorized 1000 sharesshares issued and outstandingTotal
Capital StockPaid-in-Capital in excess of par:Common
stockPreferred stockTotal Paid-in-CapitalRetained
earningsTotal Shareholders EquityCh3 Ex 4Account to
be changedOriginal
Amount12/31/X312/31/X212/31/X312/31/X212/31/X312/31/X2
12/31/X312/31/X212/31/X312/31/X212/31/X312/31/X2Manufac
turing
costs549000551,000553,000555,000557,000559,000561,000Sale
s759200761,600764,000766,400768,800771,200773,600YOUR
ANSWERS BASED UPON COURSE START DATECost of
goods manufacturedBeginning work in processManufacturing
costsEnding work in processCost of goods manufacturedCost of
goods soldBeginning finished goodsCost of goods
manufacturedEnding finished goodsCost of goods soldNet
incomeSalesCost of goods soldOperating expensesNet
incomeCh 3 Pb 2Account to
be changedOriginal
AmountSales
628000629000630000631000632000633000634000Work in
process, Jan. 1
56700577005870059700607006170062700Advertising expense
23500245002550026500275002850029500Direct material
purchases
231500232500233500234500235500236500237500YOUR
ANSWERS BASED UPON COURSE START DATEa. Prepare a
schedule of cost of goods manufactured in good form.Direct
materials usedBeginning raw materials inventoryNet
purchasesDirect materials availableLess: Ending raw materials
inventoryDirect materials usedDirect laborFactory
overheadIndirect materials usedIndirect laborUtilities Taxes
Insurance Depreciation Total manufacturing costsAdd:
Beginning work in process inventoryLess: Ending work in
process inventoryCosts of goods manufacturedSalesCost of
goods soldBeginning finished goods inv.Cost of goods
manufacturedGoods available for saleLess: Ending finished
goods inv.Cost of goods soldGross profitOperating
expenses:Selling expenses:AdvertisingSales staff
salariesUtilities Taxes Insurance Depreciation Total selling
expensesAdministrative expenses:Utilities Taxes Insurance
Depreciation Total administrative exp.Total operating
expensesNet
income../../cpabi_000/Documents/ACC205%20Chapters/Produce
d%20videos/Guidance%20Report/Guidance%20Report.mp4

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  • 1. Chapter 2 Exercises 1. Issuance of stock Prepare journal entries to record the issuance of 100,000 shares of common stock at $20 per share for each of the following inde pendent cases: a. Jackson Corporation has common stock with a par value of $1 p er share. b. Royal Corporation has no- par common with a stated value of $5 per share. c. French Corporation has no- par common; no stated value has been assigned. 2. Stock subscriptions: Journal entries Investors recently subscribed to 5,000 shares of B&J Travel's $1 par- value common stock at $10 per share. During the year, the comp any received 80% of the balances due, which resulted in the issu ance of 4,000 shares of stock. a. Prepare journal entries to record 1) the subscriptions to investors. 2) the receipt of cash from subscribers. 3) the issuance of shares. b. Determine the year- end balance in the Common Stock Subscribed account. c. Determine the year- end balance in the Common Stock Subscriptions Receivable acc ount. 3. Analysis of stockholders' equity Star Corporation issued both common and preferred stock durin g 20X6. The stockholders' equity sections of the company's bala nce sheets at the end of 20X6 and 20X5 follow:
  • 2. 20X6 20X5 Preferred stock, $100 par value, 10% $ 580,000 $ 500,000 Common stock, $10 par value 2,350,000 1,750,000 Paid-in capital in excess of par value Preferred 24,000 — Common 4,620,000 3,600,000 Retained earnings 8,470,000 6,920,000 Total stockholders' equity $16,044,000 $12,770,000 a. Compute the number of preferred shares that were issued during 20X6. b. Calculate the average issue price of the common stock sold in 2 0X6. c. By what amount did the company's paid- in capital increase during 20X6? d. Did Star's total legal capital increase or decrease during 20X6? By what amount? 4. Preparation of stockholders' equity section The following data relate to LeMaster Corporation as of Decem
  • 3. ber 31, 20XX, the close of the current accounting period: . Preferred stock—The company has 1,000 shares of $50 par- value cumulative preferred stock authorized. The stock pays a 1 0% dividend; to date, 400 shares have been issued at $55 per sh are. . Common stock—A total of 25,000 shares of $1 stated- value common stock is authorized. To date, 10,000 shares have been issued at $10 per share, and an additional 3,000 shares hav e been subscribed to at $15 per share. Assuming a retained earnings balance of $177,000, prepare the s tockholders' equity section of LeMaster's December 31, 20XX b alance sheet. · Bond premium: Straight-line amortization Castillo Company issued $200,000 of 10% 4- year bonds on January 1, 20X1 for $216,000. The bonds pay int erest semiannually on June 30 and December 31. e. Prepare the required journal entry to record the bond issuance o n January 1, 20X1. e. Prepare entries to record the interest payment and premium amo rtization on June 30 and December 31, 20X1. Castillo uses the s traight-line method of amortization. e. Compute 20X1 bond interest expense. e. Present the proper disclosure of the bond issue on Castillo's Dec ember 31, 20X1, balance sheet. Problems 1. Bond computations: Straight-line amortization Southlake Corporation issued $900,000 of 8% bonds on March 1 , 20X1. The bonds pay interest on March 1 and September 1 and mature in 10 years. Assume the independent cases that follow: · Case A—The bonds are issued at 100. · Case B—The bonds are issued at 96.
  • 4. · Case C—The bonds are issued at 105. Southlake uses the straight-line method of amortization. Instructions Complete the following table: Case A Case B Case C a. Cash inflow on the issuance date ________ ________ ________ b. Total cash outflow throughmaturity ________ ________ ________ c. Total borrowing cost over the life of the bond issue ________ ________ ________ d. Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 20X1 ________ ________ ________ e. Amortization for the year ended December 31, 20X1 ________ ________ ________ f. Unamortized premium or unamoratized discount as of December
  • 5. 31, 20X1 if any ________ ________ ________ g. Bond carrying value as of December 31, 20X1 ________ ________ ________ 2. Bonds: Journal entries, issuance through retirement On May 1, 20X1, American Housing Corporation issued $300,0 00 of 12%, 5- year bonds for $294,200 plus accrued interest. The bonds are da ted March 1, 20X1, and pay semiannual interest on March 1 and September 1. American uses the straight- line method of amortization and will amortize the discount over the 58 months that the bonds are expected to be outstanding. Instructions b. Prepare journal entries to record (1) the bond issuance on May 1 , 20X1; (2) the semiannual interest payment and discount amorti zation on September 1, 20X1; and (3) accrued interest and disco unt amortization on December 31, 20X1. b. Compute total bond interest expense for 20X1. b. Present the proper disclosure of the bond issue on American's D ecember 31, 20X1, balance sheet. b. Prepare journal entries to record the semiannual interest paymen t and discount amortization on March 1, 20X2. b. Assume that the entire bond issue was called at 101, plus accrue d interest, on July 1, 20X2. Prepare journal entries to record the bond retirement. Hint: Examine when amortization was last rec orded. 1. Issuance of stock
  • 6. Ventures Inc. was formed on January 1 to invest in artwork. The company is authorized to issue 10,000 shares of $1 par- value common stock and 1,000 shares of 10%, $50 par- value cumulative preferred stock. The following selected transa ctions occurred during the first quarter ofoperation: Jan. 3 Sold 5,000 shares of common stock to the corporation's founder s at $30 per share. 19 Sold 600 shares of preferred stock at $58 per share. Feb. 4 Issued 100 common shares to an attorney for $3,300 of legal wo rk related to corporate start-up and formation. 11 Issued 2,000 shares of common stock to Pierre LaTour in excha nge for a painting appraised at $75,000. The art originally cost LaTour $30,000. 1. Instructions d. Prepare journal entries to record the company's transactions. d. Prepare the stockholders' equity section of the firm's March 31 balance sheet. The Retained Earnings balance on this date totals $41,000. d. The president of Ventures believes that organization costs shoul d be expensed immediately. Briefly explain why the president's view is incorrect. Chapter 3 Exercises 1. Product costs and period costs The costs that follow were extracted from the accounting record s of several different manufacturers:
  • 7. 1. Weekly wages of an equipment maintenance worker 2. Marketing costs of a soft drink bottler 3. Cost of sheet metal in a Honda automobile 4. Cost of president's subscription to Fortune magazine 5. Monthly operating costs of pollution control equipment used in a steel mill 6. Weekly wages of a seamstress employed by a jeans maker 7. Cost of compact discs (CDs) for newly recorded releases of Rus h, Billy Joel, and Bryan Adams a. Determine which of these costs are product costs and which are period costs. a. For the product costs only, determine those that are easily trace d to the finished product and those that are not. 1. Definitions of manufacturing concepts Interstate Manufacturing produces brass fasteners and incurred t he following costs for the year just ended: Materials and supplies used Brass $ 75,000 Repair parts 16,000 Machine lubricants 9,000 Wages and salaries Machine operators 128,000 Production supervisors 64,000 Maintenance personnel
  • 8. 41,000 Other factory overhead Variable 35,000 Fixed 46,000 Sales commissions 20,000 1. Compute the following: c. Total direct materials consumed c. Total direct labor c. Total prime cost c. Total conversion cost 1. Understanding cost flows Executive Wares, which began business on January 1, 20X4, sel ls high- priced office accessories to executives. One of the company's pr oducts, catalog item No. 12, consists of a leather appointment b ook and a matching pen-and-pencil set— all assembled and packaged in a gift box by Executive Wares. During 20X4, the firm purchased 8,000 20X5 appointment book s from its supplier at $14 each. The following data are available as of June 30: Appointment books issued to the Packaging Department from the storeroom 6,500 Gift sets completed 5,400 Completed gift sets in the warehouse 2,200 Completed gift sets given to customers as samples 20 If no errors or theft occurred during the period, determine the c ost of the appointment books that would appear d.
  • 9. in the company's (1) raw materials, (2) work in process, and (3) finished goods inventories as of June 30. d. as cost of goods sold for the period ended June 30. d. as an operating expense for the period ended June 30. 1. Basic manufacturing computations Lyon Manufacturing reported total manufacturing costs (direct materials used, direct labor, and factory overhead) of $549,000 for 20X3. Sales and operating expenses were $759,200 and $142 ,500, respectively. The following information appeared on comp any balance sheets: For the Year Ended 12/31/X3 12/31/X2 Finished goods $150,000 $153,700 Work in process 86,400 74,100 1. Compute cost of goods manufactured, cost of goods sold, and ne t income for 20X3. 1. Schedule of cost of goods manufactured, income statement The following information was taken from the ledger of Jefferso n Industries Inc.: Direct labor $ 85,000 Administrative expenses $59,000 Selling expenses 34,000
  • 10. Work in. process Sales 300,000 Jan. 1 29,000 Finished goods Dec. 31 21,000 Jan. 1 115,000 Direct material purchases 88,000 Dec. 31 131,000 Depreciation: factory 18,000 Raw (direct) materials Indirect materials used 10,000 on hand Indirect labor 24,000 Jan. 1 31,000 Factory taxes 8,000 Dec. 31 40,000 Factory utilities 11,000 1. Prepare the following: h.
  • 11. A schedule of cost of goods manufactured for the year ended De cember 31 h. An income statement for the year ended December 31 1. Understanding cost behavior The planning department of Herzog Company has prepared budg ets for three probable levels of operation for the upcoming year. Because of their significance, the following costs have been sel ected for study: 1. Level of activity (units) 10,000 12,000 15,000 Total Per unit Total Per unit Total Per unit Direct materials $ 90,000 $ 9.00 $108,000 $ 9.00 $135,000 $ 9.00 Direct labor 120,000 12.00 144,000 12.00
  • 13. Addressing his executive staff, Herzog's president commented: " It's imperative that we implement cost- cutting programs to reduce advertising and management salaries . As shown by the per- unit costs, these variable expenditures are destroying our profit margins. Our fixed outlays of direct materials and direct labor ( constant at $9.00 and $12.00 per unit, respectively) also need so me improvement. I know our competitors are paying approximat ely $19.25 for these same two production factors." 1. Comment on the president's remarks. Problems 1. Cost classification E. Turner & Sons manufactures barbecue grills. For each of the following costs, determine cost behavior (variable or fixed) and whether the cost is a product or a period cost. If a product cost, identify the cost as direct materials (DM), direct labor (DL), or factory overhead (FOH). Item (a) is presented as an example. 2. Cost Variable/fixed Product/period DM/DL/FOH a. Property taxes on the factory Fixed Product FOH b. Salary of the production supervisor ___________ ___________ ___________ c. Freight costs on shipments to out-of-state customers ___________ ___________
  • 14. ___________ d. Wages of assembly personnel ___________ ___________ ___________ e. Grill tops and frames ___________ ___________ ___________ f. Straight-line depreciation on factory equipment ___________ ___________ ___________ g. Paint used to touch up production scratches ___________ ___________ ___________ h. Customer rebate offered on grill No. 301 ___________ ___________ ___________ i. Heating costs for manufacturing facilities ___________ ___________ ___________ j. Wheels attached to portable models ___________ ___________ ___________
  • 15. k. Fees paid for plant security ___________ ___________ ___________ L Advertising costs for new product line ___________ ___________ ___________ 3. Straightforward manufacturing statements The following information was extracted from the accounting re cords of Olympic Company for the year just ended: Sales $628,000 Work in process, Jan. 1 56,700 Advertising expense 23,500 Direct material purchases 231,500 Finished goods, Dec. 31 67,800 Indirect materials used 12,300 Direct labor 85,600 Direct materials, Jan. 1 45,500 Finished goods, Jan. 1 55,900 Direct materials, Dec. 31 38,200 Sales staff salaries 33,300 Work in process, Dec. 31
  • 16. 47,400 Indirect labor 50,700 4. Utilities, taxes, insurance, and depreciation are incurred jointly by Olympic's manufacturing, sales, and administrative facilities. The costs were as follows: Utilities $40,000 Taxes 25,000 Insurance 10,000 Depreciation 36,000 5. The first three costs are allocated proportionately on the basis o f square feet occupied by the three functional areas. A review of the company's facilities revealed the following percentages wo uld be appropriate: manufacturing, 50%; sales, 30%; and admini strative, 20%. Depreciation is allocated 70, 20, and 10%, respec tively. 6. Instructions a. Prepare a schedule of cost of goods manufactured in good form. b. Prepare an income statement in good form. 7. Manufacturing statements and cost behavior Tampa Foundry began operations during the current year, manuf acturing various products for industrial use. One such product is light- gauge aluminum, which the company sells for $36 per roll. Cost information for the year just ended follows: Variable cost per unit Fixed cost
  • 17. Direct materials $ 4.50 $ — Direct labor 6.50 — Factory overhead 9.00 50,000 Selling — 70,000 Administrative — 135,000 8. Production and sales totaled 20,000 rolls and 17,000 rolls, respe ctively. There is no work in process. Tampa carries its finished goods inventory at the average unit cost of production. 9. Instructions a. Determine the cost of the finished goods inventory of light- gauge aluminum. b. Prepare an income statement for the current year ended Decemb er 31. c. On the basis of the information presented, answer the following questions: 1) Does it appear that the company pays commissions to its sale s staff? Explain. 2) What is the likely effect on the $4.50 unit cost of direct mate
  • 18. rials if next year's production increases? Why? Student Guidance ReportAshford University ACC206Guidance ReportWeek TwoLISTEN TO AUDIO/VIDEO EXPLAINING THE GUIDANCE REPORTYELLOW INDICATES ACCOUNT AMOUNTS CHANGEDChange Account to:Based Upon Course Start DateExercise/ ProblemAccount to be changedOriginal AmountJan-FebMar-AprMay-JunJul-AugSept-OctNov- DecShares1000001100012000130001400015000100000Share price$ 20$ 21$ 22$ 23$ 24$ 25$ 26Ch 2 Ex 1QuestionsYOUR ANSWERS BASED UPON COURSE START DATEA. CashCommon stockPaid-in-capitalB. CashCommon stockPaid-in-capitalC. CashCommon stockAccount to be changedOriginal Amount20X620X520X620X520X620X520X620X520X620X520 X620X5Ch 2 EX 3Preferred stock, $100 par value, 10% 580000500000600,000500,000620,000500,000640,000500,0006 60,000500,000680,000500,000$ 700,000$ 500,000Common par101112131415$ 16YOUR ANSWERS BASED UPON COURSE START DATEA. Preferred shares issuedB. Shares issued of commonB. Average issued price of commonC. Paid- in-capital increaseD. Legal capital increaseCh 2 Pb 3Account to be changedOriginal AmountJan 3, Common Shares sold50005,2005,4005,6005,8006,0006,200Share price58626670747882Attoney cost33003,6003,9004,2004,5004,8005,100YOUR ANSWERS BASED UPON COURSE START DATE3-JanCashCommon stockPaid-in-capital in excess of par common stockJan. 19CashPreferred stockPaid-in-capital in excess of par- Preferred stock4-FebOrganization costsCommon stockPaid-in-capital in excess of par common stockInvestment in art workCommon stockPaid-in-capital in excess of par common stockStockholders
  • 19. EquityCommon stock, $1 par-value, authorized 10,000 shares, shares issued and outstandingPreferred stock,10%, $50 par, authorized 1000 sharesshares issued and outstandingTotal Capital StockPaid-in-Capital in excess of par:Common stockPreferred stockTotal Paid-in-CapitalRetained earningsTotal Shareholders EquityCh3 Ex 4Account to be changedOriginal Amount12/31/X312/31/X212/31/X312/31/X212/31/X312/31/X2 12/31/X312/31/X212/31/X312/31/X212/31/X312/31/X2Manufac turing costs549000551,000553,000555,000557,000559,000561,000Sale s759200761,600764,000766,400768,800771,200773,600YOUR ANSWERS BASED UPON COURSE START DATECost of goods manufacturedBeginning work in processManufacturing costsEnding work in processCost of goods manufacturedCost of goods soldBeginning finished goodsCost of goods manufacturedEnding finished goodsCost of goods soldNet incomeSalesCost of goods soldOperating expensesNet incomeCh 3 Pb 2Account to be changedOriginal AmountSales 628000629000630000631000632000633000634000Work in process, Jan. 1 56700577005870059700607006170062700Advertising expense 23500245002550026500275002850029500Direct material purchases 231500232500233500234500235500236500237500YOUR ANSWERS BASED UPON COURSE START DATEa. Prepare a schedule of cost of goods manufactured in good form.Direct materials usedBeginning raw materials inventoryNet purchasesDirect materials availableLess: Ending raw materials inventoryDirect materials usedDirect laborFactory overheadIndirect materials usedIndirect laborUtilities Taxes Insurance Depreciation Total manufacturing costsAdd: Beginning work in process inventoryLess: Ending work in process inventoryCosts of goods manufacturedSalesCost of
  • 20. goods soldBeginning finished goods inv.Cost of goods manufacturedGoods available for saleLess: Ending finished goods inv.Cost of goods soldGross profitOperating expenses:Selling expenses:AdvertisingSales staff salariesUtilities Taxes Insurance Depreciation Total selling expensesAdministrative expenses:Utilities Taxes Insurance Depreciation Total administrative exp.Total operating expensesNet income../../cpabi_000/Documents/ACC205%20Chapters/Produce d%20videos/Guidance%20Report/Guidance%20Report.mp4