Chapter 2( goals of five year plans)
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This document discusses India's economic system and planning. It begins by defining capitalist, socialist, and mixed economic systems. It notes that India adopted a mixed system to promote welfare. The Planning Commission was established in 1950 to facilitate five-year plans aimed at growth, modernization, self-reliance, and equity. Some key achievements of planning included increased GDP and improvements in agriculture, infrastructure, and industry.
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The Planning Commission was established in 1950 by the Government of India to promote equitable economic and social development. Its key responsibilities included assessing resources, formulating plans to utilize resources effectively, and determining priorities. The first Five-Year Plan was launched in 1951.
Over time, the Planning Commission guided several Five-Year Plans and the annual plans between them. The Plans aimed to achieve objectives like equitable growth, poverty alleviation, food security, employment generation, and self-reliance. Major sectors like agriculture, industry, education, health, rural development, and infrastructure received significant allocations to foster balanced development across the country.
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The global economy is going through an upheaval and there are great uncertainties ahead. The global economic recession and crisis has, quite expectedly, impacted India, too. But it is a moot point whether the Indian economy is affected more by the global economic ups and downs or by India’s structural and political problems and economic management or mismanagement.
Whatever be the case, there is very significant global interest in the Indian economy. Along with China, Brazil, Indonesia, and a few other countries, India promises great potential of growth in the next few years and decades. The future of the Indian economy is thus a significant concern among the global financial and business community, economic policy-makers and managers, multilateral financial institutions, economists and other academics as well as investors and consumers in India.
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A critical flaw of Nehru’s strategy of consolidation of the Indian nation, economic development and social transformation flowed from his non-adherence to the Gandhian strategy of non-violent struggle in one crucial aspect and its emphasis on the mobilization of the people.
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Planning in India
The Planning Commission was established in 1950 by the Government of India to promote equitable economic and social development. Its key responsibilities included assessing resources, formulating plans to utilize resources effectively, and determining priorities. The first Five-Year Plan was launched in 1951.
Over time, the Planning Commission guided several Five-Year Plans and the annual plans between them. The Plans aimed to achieve objectives like equitable growth, poverty alleviation, food security, employment generation, and self-reliance. Major sectors like agriculture, industry, education, health, rural development, and infrastructure received significant allocations to foster balanced development across the country.
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The document discusses various concepts relating to employment in India such as worker, workforce, unemployment, and sectors of employment. It notes that in 2011-12, India had approximately 473 million strong workforce, with men comprising 70% and women 30% of rural workers, and men 80% and women 20% of urban workers. Unemployment exists when able-bodied persons willing to work are unable to find jobs and is measured as a ratio of unemployed to total labor force. The government has implemented various employment generation programs to promote primary education, health, infrastructure and agriculture.
India 2050
The global economy is going through an upheaval and there are great uncertainties ahead. The global economic recession and crisis has, quite expectedly, impacted India, too. But it is a moot point whether the Indian economy is affected more by the global economic ups and downs or by India’s structural and political problems and economic management or mismanagement.
Whatever be the case, there is very significant global interest in the Indian economy. Along with China, Brazil, Indonesia, and a few other countries, India promises great potential of growth in the next few years and decades. The future of the Indian economy is thus a significant concern among the global financial and business community, economic policy-makers and managers, multilateral financial institutions, economists and other academics as well as investors and consumers in India.
If one looks at the numbers, the significant global interest in India is not surprising. It is well known that - on a purchasing power parity basis – India is already, at over USD four trillion of GDP, the fourth largest economy in the world; very close to the size of the Japanese economy, the third largest. In the next 15 to 18 years this size is expected to grow, as per various studies and estimates, four to five times. As a result many foreign investors and a majority of global companies and businesses are making a beeline for the Indian market, which promises a booming middle class of a few hundred million consumers, expanding steadily in the next few decades.
Where will the Indian economy go from here? In the three to four decades after independence, the Indian economy was characterized by the ‘Hindu rate of growth’, growing at about 3.5 per cent per annum. In the next two decades it grew at seven to eight per cent per annum, but the growth rate is under strain in recent years of global economic turbulence.
What lies beneath these numbers? What insights do we have about the Indian economy to help us analyze and perhaps ‘decode’ what trajectories it may follow in the coming years? Moreover, besides the overall numbers, what about rising inequality and financial inclusion? What about hundreds of millions of Indians living in abject poverty, without bank accounts and any access to credit? Hardly ten per cent of the country’s households participate in the capital market. What about chronic malnutrition among children? What about the lopsided 0-6 age-group child sex ratio that has declined further from 927 in 2001 to 914 in 2011? What about poor marketable skills among a big portion the huge and growing young population? What about the condition of India’s universities and polytechnics? And also, what about the political culture and institutions of governance, shaken by scams, scandals and corruption day in and day out?
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According to a Citi study, India is projected to have the largest economy in the world by 2050 with a GDP of $85.97 trillion, surpassing the US and China. This will be achieved through strong average annual GDP growth of 8.1% over the next 39 years, fueled by India's demographic dividend of a large working-age population and its democratic system. However, for India to realize its economic potential and ensure widespread prosperity, major reforms are needed in education, land acquisition, infrastructure development, and other areas to boost productivity and inclusive growth.
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In this PPT, I have explained the following topics in detail. It will be helpful for teachers as well as students.
Content covered:
Economic System
Types of Economic System
Economic planning
Goal of five year plans
Problems faced by Indian Agriculture
Solutions to solve problems faced by Indian Agriculture
Problems under Green Revolution
Importance of Subsidies
Public and Private sectors in Indian Industrial Development
Industrial Policy Resolution, 1956
Industrial License
Industrial Concessions
Small Scale Industries
Trade policies: Import substitution
Also meaning of Green Revolution
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The document provides details about India's five-year plans from 1951-2012. It summarizes the key goals and outcomes of each five-year plan, including improving agriculture (1st plan), developing industry (2nd plan), increasing electricity and irrigation projects (3rd plan), nationalizing banks and responding to wars (4th plan), focusing on employment and self-reliance (5th plan), expanding infrastructure and tourism (6th plan), improving productivity (7th plan), economic reforms (8th plan), generating employment and reducing poverty (9th plan), increasing access to education and clean water (10th plan), accelerating GDP growth and employment (11th plan).
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The Planning Commission of India was established in 1950 to formulate and implement the Five-Year Plans to promote the development of the Indian economy. It will be replaced by a new institution as announced by Prime Minister Modi. The Planning Commission is being scrapped because it is seen as outdated and reducing the role of states and private sector in development. Its targets are often not met and it does not consider regional differences. The new institution will promote cooperation between public and private sectors and empower states to pursue development.
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This document provides an overview of topics related to the Indian economy that may be covered in the UPSC Prelims 2016 exam, including terms used in the Indian economy, planning, poverty and unemployment, economic reforms, inflation, and monetary policy. It defines key economic concepts and terms, describes India's various Five-Year Plans since 1951 and their objectives, outlines approaches to measuring and addressing poverty, and explains tools and objectives of monetary policy in India like the bank rate, cash reserve ratio, and statutory liquidity ratio.
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The document provides an overview of India's 12 Five Year Plans from 1951-2012. It discusses the objectives, achievements and challenges of each plan. The key points are:
- The First Five Year Plan (1951-1956) aimed to improve living standards and make judicious use of resources with a total outlay of Rs. 2069 Cr. Major dams and industries were started.
- Subsequent plans focused on increasing GDP growth, agricultural production, employment, education and healthcare. Plans also aimed to reduce poverty, regional disparities and reliance on imports.
- The Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-2012) targeted 9% GDP growth and included priorities like agriculture, irrigation, education, health, and
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The document summarizes India's history of economic planning through Five Year Plans from 1951 to 2017. It provides details on the objectives and assessments of each plan. Some key points include:
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In this PPT, I have explained the following topics in detail. It will be helpful for teachers as well as students.
Content covered:
Economic System
Types of Economic System
Economic planning
Goal of five year plans
Problems faced by Indian Agriculture
Solutions to solve problems faced by Indian Agriculture
Problems under Green Revolution
Importance of Subsidies
Public and Private sectors in Indian Industrial Development
Industrial Policy Resolution, 1956
Industrial License
Industrial Concessions
Small Scale Industries
Trade policies: Import substitution
Also meaning of Green Revolution
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The document provides details about India's five-year plans from 1951-2012. It summarizes the key goals and outcomes of each five-year plan, including improving agriculture (1st plan), developing industry (2nd plan), increasing electricity and irrigation projects (3rd plan), nationalizing banks and responding to wars (4th plan), focusing on employment and self-reliance (5th plan), expanding infrastructure and tourism (6th plan), improving productivity (7th plan), economic reforms (8th plan), generating employment and reducing poverty (9th plan), increasing access to education and clean water (10th plan), accelerating GDP growth and employment (11th plan).
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The Planning Commission of India was established in 1950 to formulate and implement the Five-Year Plans to promote the development of the Indian economy. It will be replaced by a new institution as announced by Prime Minister Modi. The Planning Commission is being scrapped because it is seen as outdated and reducing the role of states and private sector in development. Its targets are often not met and it does not consider regional differences. The new institution will promote cooperation between public and private sectors and empower states to pursue development.
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The document summarizes India's five year plans from 1951 to 2012. It discusses the key objectives, sectors of focus, and economic growth targets and achievements of each five year plan. The first five year plan (1951-1956) focused on agriculture and irrigation to boost the economy out of poverty. It achieved a growth rate of 3.6% compared to its target of 2.1%. Subsequent plans emphasized industry, infrastructure, poverty alleviation, employment generation, and increasing GDP growth rates to accelerate economic development. Later plans also aimed to improve social indicators like education, health, and empower women.
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The document discusses how the Make in India initiative aims to create new job opportunities in India by utilizing existing talent, empowering secondary and tertiary sectors, and driving investment and growth. The campaign seeks to turn India into a global manufacturing hub and has received positive feedback from industry professionals. Providing productive employment for India's growing labor force through accelerated growth and expanded opportunities is an objective of the government's economic policy.
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This document outlines the rationale for transforming India's planning body from the Planning Commission to NITI Aayog. It notes that India has undergone significant political, economic, social and technological changes in the past 65 years. It highlights key transformations like increased population, rapid economic growth, the rise of the private sector, globalization, the evolution of states, and advances in technology. Given these changes, the Planning Commission's structures and practices are no longer aligned with current realities. The document reviews calls from experts and past leaders to reform the Planning Commission so it can better serve India's development needs. It introduces NITI Aayog as the replacement institution to guide development in a changing India.
contribution of small scale industries in economic developement
The document discusses the contribution of small scale industries to economic development in India. It notes that small scale industries play a vital role in the economy by generating significant employment, requiring relatively low investment, and promoting entrepreneurship. Over the past few decades, the number of small scale industries has increased substantially as has their production value, exports, and employment. Small scale industries now account for 35% of manufacturing output, 80% of industrial employment, and 40% of total exports, demonstrating their important role in India's economic development.
Small Business Role in Development of Economy
Small businesses in Pakistan, such as cigarette, paan, and drink shops, make a significant contribution to the country's GDP. Including their revenues could boost economic development and growth. Based on observations of shops in Lahore's Defense area, these small businesses generate average daily incomes of Rs. 2,000-3,500 and monthly profits of Rs. 20,000-25,000, with some larger shops making over Rs. 100,000 per month. Including these revenues in GDP calculations could increase Pakistan's economic performance and progress.
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The document discusses the occupational structure of India's economy. It defines occupational structure as the segments of a population engaged in different economic activities and professions. In colonial India, the majority (70-75%) of the workforce was in agriculture, while manufacturing and services accounted for 10% and 15-20% respectively. Though some states saw a shift away from agriculture over time, others like Rajasthan saw increased agricultural dependence. By 2000, agriculture had declined but was still the largest occupation at 56.7% of the workforce. The occupational structure has remained relatively static despite economic development, with around 60% still in agriculture. Suggestions to change this include controlling population growth, rural industry development, and infrastructure expansion.
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This document provides an overview of topics related to the Indian economy that may be covered in the UPSC Prelims 2016 exam, including terms used in the Indian economy, planning, poverty and unemployment, economic reforms, inflation, and monetary policy. It defines key economic concepts and terms, describes India's various Five-Year Plans since 1951 and their objectives, outlines approaches to measuring and addressing poverty, and explains tools and objectives of monetary policy in India like the bank rate, cash reserve ratio, and statutory liquidity ratio.
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The document summarizes the key characteristics of the Indian economy. It notes that India has a mixed economy with both public and private sectors. It has a large population but low capital formation due to low savings rates and unequal wealth distribution. Other characteristics include high domestic consumption, price instability, rapid urbanization, and a fast-growing services sector. The economy is ranked among the world's largest and continues to experience strong growth, though technological development still lags more advanced countries.
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The document provides an overview of India's 12 Five Year Plans from 1951-2012. It discusses the objectives, achievements and challenges of each plan. The key points are:
- The First Five Year Plan (1951-1956) aimed to improve living standards and make judicious use of resources with a total outlay of Rs. 2069 Cr. Major dams and industries were started.
- Subsequent plans focused on increasing GDP growth, agricultural production, employment, education and healthcare. Plans also aimed to reduce poverty, regional disparities and reliance on imports.
- The Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-2012) targeted 9% GDP growth and included priorities like agriculture, irrigation, education, health, and
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The document summarizes India's 12th five-year economic plan (2012-2017). It discusses goals such as achieving 9% GDP growth through higher investment, job creation, and public-private partnerships. Key sectors covered include agriculture, transportation, environment, health care, energy, and education. The plan emphasizes balanced regional development, technological innovation, and making growth more inclusive. Overall the plan aims to accelerate economic growth while providing a supportive policy environment for private business and improving implementation at the state level.
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MPSC मुख्य परीक्षा २०१६. अर्थशास्त्र भाग १. सामान्य अध्ययन पेपर ४
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Similar to Chapter 2( goals of five year plans)
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The document discusses India's First Five Year Plan from 1951-1956. The Plan had three main objectives: 1) Correct economic imbalances caused by partition, 2) Initiate balanced development to increase income and living standards, and 3) Progressively reform the socio-economic structure according to the constitution. Key achievements included increasing national income, exceeding food grain production targets, and prioritizing agriculture and community development. However, the Plan faced challenges in equitable distribution and meeting industrialization goals.
Economic development
Pandit Nehru adopted a mixed economy model for India after independence to balance capitalism and socialism. This included public, private, and joint sectors. Five Year Plans were established to address poverty, unemployment, and economic development. The Plans focused on agriculture, industry, employment, and standards of living. Nationalization of banks in the 1960s and 1970s aimed to promote development. India liberalized its economy in 1991 under PM Narasimha Rao and FM Manmohan Singh in response to an economic crisis, adopting policies of privatization, liberalization, and globalization. This included opening to foreign investment and joining the World Trade Organization in 1995.
Indian Economy during the planning era
The document discusses the Indian economy during the planning era. Key points:
- Planning was adopted after independence to accelerate growth and reduce poverty through increasing incomes. The first few decades saw 3.5-4% growth.
- Objectives of planning included expanding employment, modernizing the economy, promoting social justice and reducing inequality, ensuring sustainable growth, and achieving self-reliance.
- Five-Year Plans were the main mechanism for achieving planning objectives through targeted programs and investments. The 12th Plan aimed for faster, sustainable, and more inclusive growth.
Unit-I Five Year Plan 2023 M.Sc II Year.pptx
The document summarizes India's history of economic planning through Five Year Plans from 1951 to 2017. It provides details on the objectives and assessments of each plan. Some key points include:
- The Planning Commission was established in 1950 and the first Five Year Plan was launched in 1951, marking the beginning of India's planned economic development.
- The plans aimed to achieve objectives like self-sufficiency, employment generation, economic stability, and reducing economic inequality.
- The first 10 plans emphasized public sector investment but later plans shifted focus to the government acting as a growth facilitator.
- Major developments under the plans included the establishment of IITs, steel mills, power projects, nationalization of banks, and the expansion
PLANNING IN INDIA.pptx
The Planning Commission was established by the government in 1950 to draught, develop, and implement India's five-year plans.
Economic panning in india
The document discusses the introduction of economic planning in India, including the early attempts at planning in the 1930s-1940s and the establishment of the Planning Commission in 1950. It outlines the objectives of economic planning such as increasing employment and self-sufficiency. It then discusses the importance of planning for best utilizing resources, income growth, improving living standards, and more balanced development. The document notes that the Planning Commission oversaw India's five-year plans until it was replaced by NITI Aayog. NITI Aayog aims to foster cooperative federalism and takes a three-year planning approach rather than five-year plans.
Indian economy
Winter of discontent will be made glorious summer': RBI quotes Shakespeare in a forecast about the Indian economy
Final
This document lists the prime ministers of India from Jawaharlal Nehru to Manmohan Singh, along with their terms in office. It also provides brief descriptions of the planning process in India and the roles and functions of the Planning Commission, including formulating five-year plans, assessing resources, and promoting economic development goals like increasing production and employment.
5 year plans in INDIA
This slide show depict 5 years plans in India. It gives clear picture about all 5 year plans which were completed till now
India's 5 year plan startegy
The document provides details about India's various five-year plans from the first plan in the 1950s to the ninth plan in the late 1990s-early 2000s. It summarizes the key goals and outcomes of each successive plan, including a focus on agriculture in early plans, developing industry and infrastructure in later plans, and gradually opening India's economy through reforms in the 1990s.
Budget 2014-15
budget and our finance ministers till yet nd finally budget of 2014-15 and vr usefull to know each point ........
Business Environment_Unit 2.pdf
1. The document discusses the business environment course syllabus which covers topics like economic, politico-legal, technological, demographic, and socio-cultural environments as well as foreign investment and trade regulations.
2. The economic environment unit covers the history of economic systems, planned and mixed economies, economic planning in India, monetary and fiscal policies, and industrial policies.
3. Key aspects of economic planning in India include the objectives of attaining economic growth, equality, employment, self-reliance, modernization, and balanced regional development.
Role of Economic Planning In India
The document summarizes India's economic planning process through its eleven five-year plans from 1951 to 2012. It outlines the key objectives, focus areas, and growth targets and achievements of each five-year plan, highlighting developments in agriculture, industry, infrastructure, education, health, poverty alleviation, and other social and economic goals. Planning is overseen by the Planning Commission to promote growth, self-reliance, and modernization across sectors in a systematic manner.
5 years plan in india
The document summarizes the key aspects of India's first 11 five-year plans from 1951 to 1997. The first plan focused on improving agriculture, while the second emphasized industry and heavy industry. Subsequent plans addressed various economic goals like poverty alleviation, employment, self-reliance, and modernization. Major events like wars and changes in government impacted the plans. The plans played a key role in India's transition from a closed to a more open and liberalized economy.
5 year plan ppt 2
The document provides an overview of India's five-year plans from the first plan in 1951 to the ninth plan ending in 2002. Some key points covered include:
- The first plan focused on improving agriculture and irrigation projects. The second plan emphasized industry and heavy industry.
- Subsequent plans addressed various goals like poverty alleviation, employment, self-reliance, modernization, and increasing productivity in key sectors like agriculture.
- Economic reforms began in the early 1990s during a period of political instability, liberalizing the socialist economy and opening up to international trade. The eighth plan undertaken reforms to correct debt and deficits.
5 year plan ppt
The document outlines India's 14 Five Year Plans from 1951 to 2022. It discusses the objectives and key achievements of each plan. The plans aimed to develop India's economy through industrialization, agriculture, education and poverty reduction. Major achievements included establishing steel mills, power plants, banks, roads, increasing food grain and energy production. The plans were overseen and implemented by the Planning Commission of India.
India’s five year plan
The document discusses India's five year plans which were formulated to develop the economy after independence. The Planning Commission was established in 1950 to frame, execute and monitor the plans. The early plans focused on development of irrigation, infrastructure, and heavy industry to build a self-reliant economy. Later plans emphasized agriculture, poverty alleviation, rural development and privatization during economic liberalization in the 1990s. The plans aimed to achieve annual GDP growth targets and social development goals.
Politics of planned development
Politics of planned development
Ideas of development
Idea of five year plan
Goals of five year plan
First five year plan
SECOND FIVE YEAR PLAN
THIRD FIVE YEAR PLAN
Agriculture Vs. Industry
Land reforms
The green revolution
The white revolution
Farmers using new technology
Public Vs. Private sector
development of agricultural
euility
modernisation
Self Reliance
Growth
Bombay Plan.
Planning Commission
India's 5 year plan startegy
The document discusses India's five-year plans for economic development. It provides details on the goals and outcomes of the first nine five-year plans from 1951 to 1997. The first plan focused on improving agriculture, while subsequent plans emphasized industry, poverty alleviation, employment, infrastructure development, and increasing self-sufficiency in key sectors like energy and agriculture. Economic liberalization began in the 1980s and accelerated in the 1990s to correct economic imbalances and foreign debt.
Manufacuting
This document provides an overview of industrial policy in India from 1950 to the present. It discusses how India was one of the first developing countries to implement an industrial policy after World War II to coordinate public and private investment and bring strategic industries under public ownership. This model held sway from 1950-1980 but began eroding in the 1980s and changed fundamentally after an economic crisis in 1991. However, the document argues industrial policy has continued in a different form and still faces challenges in achieving equitable and sustainable growth while leveraging opportunities in areas like information and communication technology. It examines the historical models, economic growth trends, role of services, and implications for future industrial policy approaches in India.
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Chapter 2( goals of five year plans)
- 1. Presented By: RAJARSHI PALIT PGT (Economics) JNV BIRBHUM , WEST BENGAL
- 2. The learners will be able to define various economic systems. The learners will be able to describe the reasons behind India adopting a mixed economic system. The learners will be able to explain the achievements of economic planning in India. The learners will be able to distinguish between various economic systems. The learner will be able to justify the objectives of India’s economic planning. The learners will be able to describe the achievements of Indian planning.
- 3. ◦ A ) Capitalist Economy. ◦ B) Socialist Economy. ◦ C) Mixed Economy.
- 4. Capitalist Economy: It is a system where the means of production and distribution are driven by the market forces. The forces of demand and supply. Socialist Economy : It is a system where the means of production and distribution are owned by the state. State here means the government of the land. Mixed Economy : It is a type of economic system which has the elements of both the capitalist as well as the socialist system. Here both the Public sector and the private sector exist.
- 5. While adopting a economic system the Indian policy makers wanted a system which would promote the welfare of all rather than a few. Socialism as a system appealed to Jawaharlal Nehru. However , he didn’t support all the economic activities being carried out by the Public sector. So India adopted the best of the Socialist system with private sector also being encouraged to participate in economic activities. The IPR( Industrial Policy Resolution) 1948 and the directive principles of the state policy reflect that. 1950 Planning commission was set up with the PM as its chairman.
- 6. “ Economic planning means utilisation of country’s resources in different development activities in accordance with national priorities.” The specific goals of India’s five year plans were; a) Growth b)Modernisation c)Self reliance and d) Social justice( Equity)
- 7. Dr. Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis born in 1893 in Calcutta was the architect of Indian Planning. He started the journal Sankhya which is still trusted platform for the statisticians to discuss various issues on statistics. Growth : It is the increase in the country’s capacity to produce goods and services within. Growth implies a large stock of capital or a large size of supporting services like transport and banking. Increase in GDP is an indicator of growth.
- 8. Modernisation: Modernisation is the improvement in the techniques of production which helps in achieving higher levels of production. However it also means changes in social outlook of the people. Self Reliance: Self reliance means being independent. India in its first seven five year plans avoided imports. This was mainly done to reduce India’s dependence of foreign nations and also encourage domestic industries. Equity: It is important that the benefits of growth, Modernisation and Self reliance reaches every individual of the country. All the citizens should have a decent life and access to the ways and means of earning their livelihood
- 9. First Plan (1951–1956) Second Plan (1956–1961)) Third Plan (1961–1966)) Fourth Plan (1969–1974)) Fifth Plan (1974–1978) Sixth Plan (1980–1985) Seventh Plan (1985–1990) Eighth Plan (1992–1997) Ninth Plan (1997–2002) Tenth Plan (2002–2007) Eleventh Plan (2007–2012) Twelfth Plan (2012–2017)
- 10. Define economic planning. In which year was planning commission formed in India? State the common 0bjectives of Indian five year plans? Which Institution has replaced the planning commission? Mention an indicator of economic growth ? Why do we plan?
- 11. Stay safe.