The document summarizes key events surrounding World War 2 in the Philippines. It describes the Axis and Allied forces, Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor which brought the US into the war, and the Japanese invasion and occupation of the Philippines. US and Filipino forces resisted the Japanese but ultimately surrendered. The Japanese established a new government structure over the occupied Philippines, headed by military administrators. They created a Philippine Executive Commission and later the Second Philippine Republic under President Jose P. Laurel, though the country remained under harsh Japanese military control throughout the occupation.

2. Eruption of World War II in Europe

4. 1. Axis Powers
• Axis Powers was a group of countries led
by Nazi Germany, the kingdom of Italy
and the empire of Japan

5. 2. Allied Forces
• Allied Forces were led by the United
Kingdom and until its defeat; France
joined in the European theater of The
Soviet Union in June1941 and by the
United States in December 1941. In the
Asia Pacific Theater, the Allies were led by
the Republic of China, following the 1937
invasion of China by Japan and the United
States and the British Commonwealth,
following the 1941-1942 Japanese Attacks.

6. Japan attacks Pearl
Harbor

7. •Pearl Harbor
Naval base,
Hawaii, was
attack by the
Japanese
torpedo and

8. President Franklin D. Roosevelt
-Addressed the American
Congress, and the nation, to
detail the attack.
He asked the Congress to pass a
declaration of war.

9. • The Congress- Obliged, voted and
passed the US Declaration of War on
Japan, on the same day. That was
America's formal entry into World War
II. New technology, including the new
radar mounted on Opana point, was in
placed, manned and functioning at the
time of the attack.

13. Lt. Gen.
Masaharu
Homma

14. • USAFFE (United States Army Forces in the Far
East) -defenders, who resisted with
magnificent courage that attacked by the
Japanese Invaders.
• Fil-American troops
No foods
No medicines
No ammunitions

15. The Escape
of Quezon

16. MANUEL
QUEZON

18. Gen. Douglas McArthur

20. April 9,1942
•The final stage of
the Battle of Bataan

21. Major General Edward "Ned" P. King Jr.
He formally
surrendered to
Japanese Army
under Lt.General
Masaharu
Homma

22. • Mariveles to Camp O'Donnel-Prison camp in
the province of Tarlac
• Major General Yoshitake Kawane
• The Death March70,000 Filipino and American
Soldier with 16 generals (six of whom were
Filipinos) laid down their arms in Bataan.

24. • Shocked civilized mankind
• The war prisoners, suffering from thirst, disease and
fatigue, were forced to march from Mariveles,
Bataan to San Fernando, Pampanga.
• No food and water
• Hundred of strugglers, who could no longer walk,
were mercilessly bayoneted to death or brutally
beaten by the cruel Japanese guards. From San
Fernando, the prisoners who survived the march
were thrown into railway box-cars and taken to
Capas, Tarlac where they were concentrated. Many
suffocated to death inside the box-cars along the way.

26. • May 6, 1942 ,Corregidor fell.
• Fall of Corregidor marked
the end of organized
resistance against the
Japanese invasion.

27. • General Wainwright, the
vanquished defender of
Corregidor,
was humiliated by Gen
Homma during the
surrender negotiations.
He was taken to Manila.
Gen. Jonathan M. Wainwright

28. • On May 10 , Major General
William F. Sharp Jr., The
commander of the Visayan-
Mindanao forces to surrendered
to the Japanese in Malabaybay,
Bukidnon. The war was over, as
far as the American forces in the
Philippines were concerned. But
to the Filipino people, the war
was still on. They fled to the hills
with their guns and waged
relentless guerilla warfare
against the Japanese invaders.
Major General William F.
Sharp Jr.

29. JAPANESE OCCUPATION

30. The Occupation
• Japanese military authorities immediately began organizing a new government
structure in the Philippines. Although the Japanese had promised independence for
the islands after the occupation, they initially organized Council of State through
which they directed civil affairs until October 1940, when they declared the
Philippines an independent Republic.
• Most of the Philippine elite, with a few notable expectations, served under the
Japanese, Philippine collaboration in Japanese-sponsored political institutions-which
later became a major domestic political issue, was motivated by several considerations.
Among them was the effort to protect the people from the harshness of Japanese rule
(an effort that Quezon himself had advocated), protection of family and personal
interests, and a belief that Philippine nationalism would be advanced by solidarity
with fellow Asians. Many collaborated to pass information to the Allies. The
Japanese-sponsored Republic headed by President Jose P. Laurel proved to be
unpopular.

31. Japanese Military Administration
• Japanese Military Administration was
established by the Japanese High
Command for the purpose of supervising
the popular, economic, and cultural
affairs of the conquered nation. It was
headed by a director-general.

32. Major General Yoshihide Hayashi-First director-general
Major General Takazi Watchi-
• Second and the last director-general

33. • By order of the Japanese High Command, the
officials and employees of the Commonwealth
Government were compelled to remain at their
posts. Not all, however, compiled with this
military order. Some fled to the hills and joined
the guerillas. Others remained in their homes
and pretended to be too ill to take active part in
governmental affairs.
• The Japanese Military Administration, acting upon
directives from Tokyo, imposed many
restrictions ,which the Filipino people fearfully
obeyed. Martial Law was declared in all
occupied areas. Curfew and blackouts were
maintained in Manila. The civilian population was
disarmed and in any hostile act against the
Japanese army was severely penalize. A military
proclamation stated that "for one Japanese killed
by the population ,ten prominent Filipinos were to pay
with their lives ." The use of radio antennae and

34. Philippine
Executive
Commission
•was established on January
of 1942.

35. Jorge B. Vargas
First Chairman of PEC

36. • The PEC was created as the
temporary care taker government of the
greater Manila area and eventually of the
whole Philippines during the Japanese
occupation of the country during World War
II.

37. • The PEC formally abolished all political parties on Dec. 8,
1942 by virtue of Proclamation No. 109 creating the
Kapisanan sa Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas
(Organization in the Service of the New Philippines) or
better known then as the KALIBAPI.
• The KALIBAPI was established to ago at the mental
education, moral generation, physical invigoration, and
economic rehabilitation of the Philippines under the
guidance of the Japanese Military Administration.
• It was tasked to foster strong cooperation with the
Japanese as part of the Order Great East Asia that
promotes the lifting of the "great oriental race". The
"KALIBAPI" was appointed as a strong right arm of the
Japanese occupational forces of the Philippines.

38. Framing
The
Constitution

39. Hideki Tojo
• A Japanese premier who
pledged to established the
Republic of the Philippines
• He pledged to promote the
KALIBAPI to call for a convention
on June 19, 1943 , twenty of its
members were elected to form
the preparatory commission for
the independence.

40. • The Commission
tasked to draft a
Constitution for the
Philippine Republic
and the elected
head was Jose P.
Laurel

41. The 1943 Constitution
• Commitee appointed by Philippine Executive
Commission- drafted the constitution
• Japanese-They establish the body of the 1943
constitution.
• Hideki Tojo- Promised “The Honor of Independence”
meaning the Commission could be supplanted by a
form a republic. It provided strong executive powers
• The legislature consisted of a National Assembly and
only those who considered as anti-US could stand for
election , although in practice most legislators were
appointed rather than elected.

42. Second Philippine Republic
• The Republic Of The Philippines- This
was a State in the Philippines established
in 1943 under the Japanese Occupation
• Gen Masaharu Homma dissolved the
Commonwealth of the Philippines and
established the Philippine Executive
Commission, a caretaker government,
with Vargas as its first chairman

43. Benigno Q. Aquino
Director General of
KALIBAPI and the First
speaker of the Republic of
the Philippines
Jose P. Laurel
President of the Republic Of The
Philippines