Japanese occupation in the Philippines

3. Objectives:
Explain the motives of Japan for occupying the
Philippines
Explain policies and economic laws during the
Japanese occupation
Evaluate the struggles of Filipinos to attain
freedom from Japanese occupation

4. The Japanese q
Occupation in the
Philippines

5. Japan
- was once called “Energertic Dwarf” in
history because of its great military
- also an archipelago in East Asia
- was one of the most aggressive
countries during World War II
- it belonged to the Axis powers during
World War II

6. Axis Powers
- was a military coalition that initiated
World War II and fought against the
Allies
- they upheld authoritarianism
- composed of Japan, Germany & Italy
- headed by Hideki Tojo, Adolf Hitler &
Benito Mussolini

7. Allied Powers
- are nations that have joined in an
alliance
- composed of United States, Great
Britain, China, France, and Russia
- leaders were Winston Churchill,
Franklin Roosevelt and Joseph
Stalin

8. Asian Countries Colonized by Western
Countries
1. Indonesia – occupied by the Dutch
2. Malaysia – occupied by the British
3. Philippines – occupied by the Americans
Japan expressed its wish for the continent
of Asia to be united and to fall under the
same rule.

9. “Asia is for the Asians”
- the theory of the Japanese
They believed that the colonization by the
Western countries only meant the total disregard for
the welfare of many Asians. For them, the long time
aspiration for Asian development could only be
achieved if each Asian country would rule and decide
on its own and not to be ruled and prevailed upon by
its conquerors.

10. Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
- an organization created by Japan to unify
the countries in Asia which aimed to promote
and safeguard the interest of each member
World War II
- began in Europe and Asia in 1941 that
started when Germany invaded its neighboring
countries

11. Japanese announced a national policy of colonizing the
Asian countries so that:
1. Japan would be able to expand its territory for its
increasing population, which reached more than 50
million at the onset of the 20th century.
2. It could acquire the needed extra source of raw
materials for its industries and a market for its
products.
3. It would be able to realize its aim of creating and
expanding the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity
Sphere

12. Japan
- is a small country in East Asia
- it is an archipelago
- composed of more or less 4,000 islands
- its four main islands are Honshu,
Shikoku, Hokkaido and Kyushu
- formerly called Nippon
- known as “Land of the Rising Sun”

13. December 7, 1941
- Japanese launched a surprise attack on
Pearl Harbor, the US naval base in Hawaii
Where 5 battleships were sunk, almost two
hundred fighter planes were destroyed,
2,403 lives were lost, and 1,178 personnel
and civilians were destroyed which the
Americans called the “day of infamy”

14. President Theodore Roosevelt
- asked the US Congress to declare war
against Japan
Great Britain, Germany & Italy
- sided with Japan and also declared
war against the US on December 11, 1941

15. Malaya, Philippines & Indonesia
- simultaneously invaded by Japan
because the things that they could use
in battle were in their products
Clark Field, Pampanga
- destroyed the air force by the Japanese
planes

16. United States Armed Forces in the Far East
USAFFE
- Filipinos who deeply love for their
country joined in this group to fight against
the invaders
Gen. Douglas MacArthur
- commander of the USAFFE

17. Japanese army continued its conquest of
the Philippines even with the boldness and
bravery of the USAFFE because they have
inadequate planes and armaments because
Philippines was too far away from the US.
Gradually, different part of the Philippines
fell in the hands of the invaders.

18. Manila
- was declared as an “open city” by
Gen. MacArthur on December 26, 1941 to
spare the city from the tragedy of war
Under international law, any open city
should be spared from war however
Japanese ignored this law.

19. President Manuel L. Quezon
- was persuaded by Gen.
MacArthur to leave the
Corregidor along with Sergio
Osmeña, Manuel Roxas and
Secretary of Justice Jose Abad
Santos due to Quezon’s worsen health
condition

20. Jose P. Laurel & Jorge B. Vargas
- stayed in Manila to face the
enemy and in doing everything
possible to reduce the burden
That the citizens would endure

21. President Franklin Roosevelt
- advice that Quezon and his company to
be taken from Corregidor on February 20, 1942
and were spirited away to Australia
Washington D.C.
- where Quezon and his company
proceeded and established a government-in-
exile

22. Commonwealth
- called the government-in-exile
Corregidor
- moved the USAFFE headquarters here
March 11, 1942
- Gen. MacArthur with his family and
military leaders went to Australia to lead
the American forces in the South West Pacific

23. Gen. Jonathan Wainwright
- succeeded Mac Arthur as
commander of USAFFE in Corregidor
Gen. Masaharu Homma
- commander of the Japanese
army who attacked the USAFFE
group

24. The USAFFE at that time almost could
not cope anymore because of hunger,
thirst, disease, and severe hardships
because the shipments of food, aid,
medicines, ammunition, and weapons
from US were cut off.

25. General Edward P. King
- commander of USAFFE in
Bataan who surrendered to the
Japanese without permission
from Gen. Wainwright
This signalled the end end of hostilities in
Bataan and known as the “Fall of Bataan.”

26. tuberculosis
- caused of Manuel L. Quezon’s death
on August 1, 1944
Saranac Lake, New York
- where Manuel L. Quezon died

27. May 6, 1942
- date when General Wainwright surrender
Corregidor to the Japanese which is popularly
known as Fall of Corregidor
April 9, 1942
- the infamous Death March started where
USAFFE soldiers were force to march for 7 to 11
days without food or water from Mariveles,
Bataan to San Fernando, Pampanga

28. Camp O’Donnel in Capas, Tarlac
- where the USAFFE soldiers were sent
however, those who cannot proceed anymore
were shot or bayoneted
Death March
- was considered the most brutal tortures
and atrocities that the Japanese subjected the
combined Filipino & Americans during WW II

29. 1. Was once called “Energertic Dwarf” in
history because of its great military
2. The theory of the Japanese
3. Began in Europe and Asia in 1941 that started
when Germany invaded its neighboring countries

30. 4. The military alliance which upheld
authoritarianism composed of Japan, Germany &
Italy.
5. What was the aim of the Greater East Asia Co-
Prosperity Sphere?
6. Manila was declared as an “______” by Gen.
MacArthur to spare the city from the tragedy of war

31. 7. What was the cause of Manuel L. Quezon’s death
on August 1, 1944?
8. Filipinos who deeply loved their country joined in
this group to fight against the invaders
9. Was considered the most brutal tortures and
atrocities that the Japanese subjected the combined
Filipino & Americans during WW II.

32. 10. Where was the USAFFE headquarters moved to?