Fasteners like nails, screws, and bolts are used to connect furniture components. Regulations for wood and furniture engineering are important to understand wood properties and variability. Sources of furniture design and product information include research, other regions, and understanding consumers to develop new efficient designs and constructions that use available materials and production methods.

1. 1.6 FASTENERS & CONNECTORS
1.7 REGULATION IN WOOD AND ANATOMY WOOD FURNITURE
ENGINEERING
1.8 SOURCES OF FURNITURE DESIGN AND PRODUCT
INFORMATION

2. 
Fastener – hardware that use to fasten two @ more furniture components
Example : screws, nail, nuts, bolts, rivets, retaining rings, pipe plugs, pins,
panel fasteners, clinch studs, bits, and anchors

Connectors – hardware use to attack / connect two @ more furniture
component
Example : metal plate, hinges

3. 
Gadget or accessories – hardware to enhance its function and beauties or
decoration purpose
Example : latches and catches

4.  Nail
Material
Variety such as aluminium, braches, metal
Structure
Head – to give better surface during application
Body – to strength then the grip during application
Point – the sharp to relocate the nail during application net as pilot hole during
Insertion
Size
-
Use penny system (length from head to point)
-
Use ‘d’ determine length varied from 1” to 6” long
-
A gauge system to indicate the ‘d’ as a nail

5. Type of nails

For interior purpose
-
Casing nail ( excellent for door frame, cornices)
- Finishing nail (good & mainly use in cabinet work, trim and other places where the nail
head hidden

For exterior purpose
-
Zinc : coated ( usually for roots and buildings exterior)

Cement nail
-
Purposely for cement

6.  Screw

Definition
- hardware which fastened the furniture component through twisting action during
insertion. It need pilot recession and to avoid from spoiling

Structure
Head - Groove, Philips, Hexagonal
Point - 2 parts : shank and thread
Point - range as 15 - 32
- need pilot to hole
- type as thread on point

Material
- copper, brass, aluminium,

7. Type of screw

COUNTERSUNK - SLOT HEAD:
-This can be used for general woodworking for example fitting hinges to doors. Because the
screw is countersunk it can be tightened 'flush' to the surface of the material.

POZIDRIV HEAD:
-Used with special screw drivers which will not slip when pressure is applied.
This is ideal when using screws in corners or confined spaces.

ROUND HEAD SCREW:
-These are used for fixing pieces of material together where countersunk holes are not being
used. Round head screws can look quite decorative especially if they are made of brass.

8. Why Screw More Popular Than Nail?

Screw is more tighten than nail

Can be twist

Hard to bend because it twist

Easy to modified ( open & close )

screws have 300 times more holding power. threads cut into and deform wood
to hold tightly. nails grip with friction hold will loosen when wood shrinks and may
pop nail head above surface and create callback in a drywall situation.

screws hold much better. Nails drive much faster.

Advanced technology in the screw fastener industry to offer a more stable and
rust resistant product

The screw gun technology has greatly improved for the production crews to be
more efficient.

Better production crew safety with screw guns versus power drive nail guns. The
screw guns are easier for a crew member to handle therefore less mistakes and
more efficient crew personnel

9. 
Bolt & nuts

two component need in action
-
Bolt (part which have external thread)
-
Nut (part which have internal thread)

Usually used to gather with :
-washer : plate washer or spring washer
-
Ring : normal ring and split ring
-
Shape : counter shank, round, flat, pan, headless

Body – type A, type B, and type C (combination type A and type B)

10.  Dowel

two main function
- To fastened two parts as component
-To strengthen the point

Dimension given by diameter

Strength depends on :
-
Diameter dowel
-
Length as dowel
-
Type as material used
-
Type of slob used : round, ground, spiral, annular

11. 
in relation to wood engineering, there are several
regulations which may relevant when defining
criteria for furniture engineering

This is important to give understand of variability
in wood which undoubtedly imposes limitations on
its uses

12. Mechanical Properties






A network of laboratories needs to be developed to evaluate species for
mechanical properties using standards testing methods
The methods should be serve the local needs for use of the timbers in
questions, as well as the broader world market
A coordinating group of representatives should initiate a program to
formulate internationally recognized test and design standards aimed at
more efficient use of native species
Mentor laboratories need to designed to coordinate research and train
researchers.
Those involved with evaluation of mechanical properties of native species
should attempt to identify statistical distributions and interactions of
various physical and mechanical properties
An international effort should bee made to develop a method for nondestructively evaluating and grading lumber for structural applications

13. Engineered uses of wood
o
Exploit currently available non-destructive evaluation methods and
develop new methods of stress rating structural wood products such as
poles, lumber, and fabricated structural components
o
Develop safe, durable, low cost, wood housing for the homeless.
o
Focus on improved design of wood connections. This includes chemical
as well as mechanical connections and should involve the development
of more accurate design models and innovate connections methods

14. 
Furniture design us the planning and design of a product and its parts in
such a ways that is serial productions is as national as national as
possible

Factors that affecting furniture design
-availability of machines and equipment
-no of pieces in on series
-quality desired
-availability of raw materials and equalities
-competency of labor power

15. The need for furniture design and product information :

The necessity of maintaining

To develop new forms of constructions which suited to the many raw
materials that have introduce

The import of new production and specials machines and the concomitant
decreases in manual labor

The market increase in export trade

The increasing importance of
automation

16. Sources :

Previously study

Research & develop

Institutional

Outsiders region

Globalization market

consumer