2. TOPIK UTAMA:
1. Production Planning
(Perancangan Pengeluaran)
2. Operation Management
3. (Pengurusan Operasi)
3. Work Study (Kajian Kerja)
4. Quality Management (Kepastian Kualiti)(QA)
5. Machine Maintenance (Senggeraan Machine)
6. Material Handling (Kendalian Bahan)
3. Manufacturing System
(Sistem Pembuatan)
(JF201)
Chapter 1 –
Production Planning
(Perancangan dan Pengeluaran)
4. INTRODUCTION
Manufacturing systems is the process
from start
to completion including production
control, quality
control, management and others.
Manufacturing process is one of
production process.
5. INTRODUCTION
System
A group of parts that are interconnected with
a complex structured and designed to
work together to achieve a common objective.
Example:
Transport, education system (schools,
polytechnics, universities), clinics and
hospitals, vehicle manufacturing factory and
so on.
6. INTRODUCTION (SAMB…)
ORGANISATION o OPERATION
Eductional Activities
Produce man power
School/ Universities Conduct research
Design vehicle
Installing vehicle
Vehicle Factory Production a vehicle)
Provide spares part supply
Prepare Fast Food (chicken, pizza and burger)
Fast Food Restaurant
Sterilize Cooking Utensils
Delivery Food to customer
7. OPEN SYSTEM
EXTERNAL
ENVIRONMENT
INPUT TRANSFORMATION OUTPUT
PROCESS
MAKLUMBALAS
OPEN SYSTEM CYCLE
8. EXAMPLE OF OPEN SYSTEM
GOVERNMENT,
ECONOMI,
ENVIRONMENT
VEHICLE Vehicle
Component, ASSEMBLY (car/motor/
Factory, bas)
Machine,
KEPUASAN
PELANGGAN
(KUALITI)
CAR ASSEMBLY FACTORY
9. OPEN SYSTEM CHARACTER
This system respond to any changes that
exist in the environment.
Unpredictable input.
Output character
The output characteristics depending on
the environment is constantly changing.
10. CLOSE SYSTEM
Systems that do not interact with other
systems or environments. Known and fixed
inputs
Small systems using the input in ways that
have been defined and predictable.
The output characteristics have been
determined in advance.
12. BASIC TERMS OF SYSTEM
• Group of parts that are
Interconnected, organized with
SYSTEM the complex (complete) and is designed
to work together to achieve a goal / objectives.
The nature of separating the system from the
BOUNDARY environment
Small systems in large systems.
SUB- An example is the bicycle is a sub-
SYSTEM system for the transport system.
13. BASIC TERMS OF SYSTEM(SAMB…)
Small Smallest component in the system
System Polytecnic
Academic staff, hostels, administration,
Example
library, workshop.
Small System
Feedback Has two basic components or other
components such as error
System detection andfeedback loops
Environment or the demarcation line that
Environ- circles the field
ment
14. STRUKTUR HIRARKI
SYSTEM S IS T E M P E N G A N G K U T A N
SUB SYSTEM B A S IK A L KER ETA
SMALL
SYSTEM
T A Y A R H E N D A L B R E K P E L A N A E N J IN C E R M IN C A S IS RODA
15. SMALL SYSTEM IN
MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS
Division played a prominent role in the management and
production so that the system will run smoothly
and systematically are:
1.Production Planning Division
Expenditure will make the design before spending anything is
executed
2. Production Control Division
The Department will issue a schedule and
targets required by the company for a monthly or
weekly goals that should be issued by the production.
16. SAMB…
3. Quality Control Division
- Quality Control Department is to ensure that all
production is in accordance with the quality
of design and specification set by him.
- All products must pass the standards set.
4. Financial Control Division
- The Department will control
all financial movements for all expenses will affect
thecompany's annual profit
17. SAMB…
5. Marketing Divison
The Department will ensure that all products will
be sold and marketed the company
immediately and strategies so that it can
be accepted in the market.
6. Research and Development Division ( R & D )
R & D department is a department involved
in research to improve and update
existing products or new products will be issued.
18. MODEL
Symbolizes something that will come true. It
formed the managers in making decisions.
The model helps managers to:
- Depth in management or
business relationship.
- Find a way or a better way in the relationship.
- Find ways to reduce or understand the difficulty.
19. MODEL CLASSIFICATION
Icon Model –
-It is an image or picture that represents an
object or a system similar to the actual situation.
For example,
an architect will use the model for a building to
be built.
Schematic Model
– typically used for paintings and drawings.
20. MODEL CLASSIFICATION (SAMB…)
Analog Model
- All the materials and tools used with the equipment
used on an object or system
Mathematic Model
- Mathematic Model is a set of mathematical relationships.
For example, linear equations, algebra, statistics and so on.
- Benefit : Models Mathematics expedite in and make
decisions more systematic approach in analyzing.
- Weakness: Mathematical Models take a
long time, require boarding high and
sometimes misunderstood
21. PRODUCTION (Pengeluaran)
Production is the production of goods
or services.
These functions are the ingredients
that should be there not only to
produce but need to
remain competitive with other
organizations.
22. 3 MAIN FUNCTION ORGANIZATION
The marketing function - generating demand, or at least act
as the responsible for taking any orders from customer.
Production function - to produce goods.
- Production involves
the planning, production
and quality control, maintenance and
other plants to ensure products meet
the required level.
Financial or accounting function that can detect how far the
organization and alsosolve all the bills and collect all
the profits.
23. MANAGEMENT SCIENTIFIC
Scientific management is any kind of
activities that can give satisfaction to
the users of the goods or services that
are enjoyed by using techniques based
on the principles
of economical and scientific facts in a
systematic
24. MANAGEMENT SCIENTIFIC
ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITIES Keterangan
merenung kehadapan dan menentukan tindakan
merancang apa yang perlu diambil.
meletakkan setiap tindakan mengikut
menyusun keutamaannya
memberikan tunjuk ajar tentang bagaimana
mengarah sesuatu tindakan itu patut dibuat.
memastikan rangkaian tindakan sera kewibawaan
mengkoordin orang yang menjalankan kerja itu sentiasa dalam
asikan keadaan baik.
mengikuti dengan teliti akan setiap tindakan yang
mengawal dijalankan itu agar ia berpandukan perancangan
yang telah dibuat.
25. Faedah dari Pengurusan Saintifik
pendekatan yang rasional kepada organisasi kerja membuatkan
tugas dan proses boleh diukur dengan ketepatan yang baik.
pengukuran tugas dan proses memberikan maklumat penting
untuk dijadikan dasar untuk pembaikan dalam kaedah kerja,
rekabentuk loji dan lain-lain.
meningkatkan produktiviti hasil dari memajukan kaedah kerja.
menyumbangkan kepada pembaharuan yang besar untuk
keadaan fizikal pekerjaan bagi pekerja.
membekalkan asas untuk pembaharuan yang besar dalam
kajian kerja yang moden dan teknik kuantitatif yang lain.
bayaran atau insentif galakan dapat diberikan kepada pekerja.
26. Kelemahan pengurusan Saintifik.
menimbulkan perpecahan pekerja akibat oleh
pemberatan analisa dan organisasi untuk tugas
individu atau operasi.
meletakkan perencanaan dan kawalan aktiviti
tempat .
mengetepikan penawaran yang sebenar bagi
penilaian upah kerana setiap kerja diukur dan
dikira secara saintifik.
27. PENGELUARAN BANTUAN KOMPUTER
Sesuatu pengeluaran menggunakan
alatan/mesin yang dikendali oleh komputer
sebagai alat bantuan, dalam menghasilkan
keluaran yang menepati jumlah hasil keluaran
dan had-had spesifikasi yang ditentukan oleh
indstri atau pihak pengurusan industri itu sendiri.
Contohnya alatan seperti, Mesin kisar CNC,
mesin larik CNC dan CAD-CAM.
28. KEBAIKAN DAN KELEMAHAN
PENGELUARAN BERBANTU KOMPUTER
Kebaikan
Kelemahan
i. mengurangkan jumlah pekerja. i. kos alatan.mesin tinggi.
ii. mengurangkan masa ii. kekurangan pekerja mahir
memproses. yang boleh mengendalikan
iii. mengurangkan kos/ upah alatan tersebut.
pekerja. iii. risiko tinggi jika mesin/alatan
iv. menambahkan pengetahuan dan rosak.
kemahiran pekerja dari segi
pembaikan dan mengendalikan
mesin/alatan dengan bantuan
komputer tersebut,.
v. meningkatkan pengeluaran.
