This document discusses flowchart symbols and the advantages and disadvantages of using flowcharts. It explains common flowchart symbols like flowlines, terminals, processes, input/output, decisions, connectors, and offpage connectors. The advantages of flowcharts are that they clearly communicate tasks and processes, show data flow, and provide an overview of a program solution. The disadvantages are that some tasks are difficult to represent, changes may require redrawing, symbols must be understood, and flowcharts take time to draw.

1. Chapter 2:
Problem Analysis
and Design
DEC2012
Fundamental Programming

2. 2.2 Understand the algorithm,
flowchart and pseudocode
-explain the flowchart symbol
-compare the advantages and disadvantages of
flowchart

3. Flowchart Symbols
Problem Analysis and Design
Flowline – Used to connect
symbols and indicate the flow of
logic.
TERMINAL – Used to represent
the beginning (Start) or the end
(End) of a task.
PROCESS – Used for arithmetic
and data-manipulation operations.

4. Flowchart Symbols
Problem Analysis and Design
INPUT/ OUTPUT – Used for input
and output operations, such as
reading and printing.
DECISION – Used for any logic or
comparison operations. The path
chosen depends on whether the
answer to a question is “yes” or
“no”

5. Flowchart Symbols
Problem Analysis and Design
CONNECTOR – Used to join
different flowline in the same
page.
OFFPAGE CONNECTOR –
Used to indicate that the flow chart
continues on different pages.

6. Advantages & Disadvantages
of Flowchart
Problem Analysis and Design
Advantages

A good way to communicate the details of a
task or processes to others.
It presents the data flow.
It provides a clear overview of the entire
program and problem solution.
It is an important tool for planning and
designing a new system.

7. Advantages & Disadvantages
of Flowchart
Problem Analysis and Design
Disadvantages

Some tasks are difficult to represent using a
flowchart.
If an alteration is made the flowchart may
need to be redrawn
People need to understand what the symbols
mean.
Flowcharts consumes time and it is
laborious to draw with proper symbols.