The document outlines 8 key challenges posed by the Internet of Things (IOT): 1) Vulnerable security due to lack of monitoring of user data access and need for new security techniques, 2) Issues with personal privacy as user location, activity, and health data are continuously monitored without consent, 3) Concerns around servicing the increasing number of implanted sensors deployed over large areas, 4) Power limitations as sensors have finite battery life and wireless charging is needed, 5) Ensuring connectivity for a large number of simultaneous users, 6) Delays in generating real-time results due to network traffic, 7) Complexity of developing and maintaining the numerous technologies that comprise IOT, and 8) Lack of proper disposal systems

1. Challenges posed by IOT
By: Musfirah Ahmed

2. List of challenges
1. Vulnerable security
• End users send huge amount of data in the cloud without
knowing who is monitoring them
• Most of the data is available on internet which can be accessed
ethically on unethically.
• Networks are being hacked, new security techniques required

3. 2. Personal privacy
• End users are a part of loop of IoT. Many devices are
connected to them
• some devices might be implanted into the body without
adequate safety measures
• Our location, activity even heart rate is monitored
continuously
• Getting tracked without our consent can bring lethal outcome.

4. 3. Sensors implantation and service
• No. of users are increasing, so no. of sensors to be implanted
also increase. Servicing these sensors is a concern
• To be more efficient, sensors are deployed over large
geographic area.
• These sensor nodes might be affected by physical damage,
environmental factors or lack of power
• Challenge is to attain sensor technology which requires
minimal or no efforts to deploy

5. 4. Power issues
• Once the sensor is installed into the subject it is almost
impossible to replace its battery
E.g. sensor in an animal for tracking purposes.it should outlive
the animal
• Limitation of battery life is an issue. Mobile phones needs
recharging, some sensors also need battery changing
• To overcome there should be wireless charging of sensors,
lifetime batteries.

6. 5. Connectivity
• Connectivity is the backbone of IoT
• Today the number of devices connected to the internet exceeds
the number of humans
• Connecting large number of users is a big challenge
• When there are multiple simultaneous users, some might not
receive the connection.

7. 6. Real-time results
• Due to heavy traffic on cloud there is a delay in results of
about 200 milliseconds or more.
• A delay of 5-10 seconds in going off of a security alarm/traffic
signal may take a life
• Generating timely and accurate answers is a giant challenge

8. 7. Complexity
• IoT is a complex of numerous devices, technologies, protocols
and domains
• Experts are required, single person can not develop IoT alone
• lack of experts in the market also the toolkits; software and
hardware are not in abundance
• Complexity of IoT is looked upon as a challenge. Measures are
to be taken to simplify it.

9. 8. E-wastes
• climate change is the major threat for living beings in a current
era
• What happens when the lifetime of a sensor/product is over.
• There is no proper disposing system for the E-wastes.
• These wastes are majorly consisting of non-biodegradable
products and thus impose a threat to the environment.

10. conclusion