This document discusses how weathering and erosion shape the land. It defines weathering as the breakdown of rocks and materials, and identifies two main types: physical and chemical weathering. Physical weathering is caused by temperature changes, plant and animal activity, and more. Chemical weathering occurs when chemicals like acid rain dissolve rocks. Erosion is defined as the movement of rock fragments by forces like water, ice, wind or gravity. Erosion and deposition work together to change landforms over time, such as fast water eroding while slow water deposits sediment. People can protect shorelines from erosion through structures like dams, levees and barricades.

1. How do weathering
and erosion shape the
land?
UNIT C:
CHAPTER 5: LESSON 5:

2. Weathering
 The process in which rocks or other materials are broken down.

3. Different types of weathering:
Physical weathering Chemical weathering

4. Physical Weathering:
Physical weathering is caused by:
1) Temperature changes
(Causes rocks to crack)

5. 2) Plant roots growing in rocks breaking the rocks.

6. 3) Water freezing in cracks between rocks cause the
rocks to break apart.

7. 4) Rubbing

8. 5) Animals making burrows.

9. Chemical Weathering:
Occurs when chemicals break down the rocks.
1) Water dissolves rocks.
The agents of chemical weathering:

10. 2) Acid Rain
Formed when gases from factories combine with rain water.

11. Erosion
 The process by which water, ice, wind or gravity moves
fragments of rock and soil.

12. If a particle is loosened by
weathering, but stays put, its
just weathering.
If it starts moving, its Erosion.

13. Water Erosion
 Rivers, streams, and runoff

14. Ice Erosion
 Glaciers

15. Wind Erosion

16. Mass Movements
 Landslides, mudslides, slump and creep

17. Get out a piece of paper
and identify if the
following involve
weathering, erosion,
both, or neither.

18. Ready?
1.Waves are crashing on a sand
beach.
2.Water expands as it freezes in
the cracks of rocks.
3. Pebbles move down a stream
with the current.

19. 4. Acid rain causes the
decomposition of a statue in
New York.
5. A man shovels dirt to plant a
tree.
6. A Glacier slowly moves down
a mountain.
7. A tree’s roots grow into the
cracks of rocks.
8. A major volcano erupts.

20. 9. A boy takes out the
garbage for his mother.
10. A shovel is left outside
and begins to rust.
Once you’ve answered these,
discuss you’re answers with the
rest of the class before you go
on.

21. Let’s Discuss The Questions.
1. As the sand is moving there is
definitely erosion; there is also
abrasion from the sand gains
colliding. Both

22. 2. This is frost wedging so it’s
mechanical weathering.
There is no mention of
movement. Weathering

23. 3. There is probably some
weathering, but there is
definitely erosion. Erosion or
Both

24. 4. Acid rain on a statue is
chemical weathering. This is
mainly Weathering.

25. 5. Since the man is
transporting Earth materials,
it’s Erosion.

26. 6. A glacier moving down a
mountain would have both
weathering and erosion.
Both

27. 7. A tree’s roots growing into
cracks of rocks would be
weathering. Weathering

28. 8. A major volcanic eruption
would involve both
weathering and erosion.
Both

29. 9. Unless the garbage has
“Earth Material” or dirt in it
there is probably no erosion
or weathering. Neither

30. 10. The rusting of a shovel is
oxidation. This is chemical
weathering. Weathering

31. The process by which materials are
dropped off at another place is called:
Deposition

33. Erosion and
deposition work
together to change
the shape of the
earth’s surface.

34. Ways that erosion and deposition work together:
1) Running water
Slow moving water Deposition
Fast moving water Erosion

35. 2) Waves
Headland
Land surrounded by
water from 3 sides.

36. When waves reach a headland they
curve around it and wash away at
the sides of the headland.

37. 3) Wind
Wind erodes sand and rock, when the
wind slows down the sand and rock get
deposited.

38. How can people protect shorelines?
 Shorelines may be damaged when more sand is
eroded than deposited.

39. People can protect shorelines by:
 1) Building dams (to change the speed and direction
of water)

40.  2) Building levees (prevent floods)

41.  3) Building barricades (prevent beach erosion)

42.  4) Building fences (prevent sand erosion by wind)