This document discusses key aspects of culture, including that culture is a people's way of life comprising beliefs, customs, and practices. It notes that cultural traits can change over time and include elements like language, spiritual beliefs, material goods, and systems of law and government. The document also examines how culture and society are organized, including through social classes based on factors like wealth, land ownership, education, and ancestry. It provides examples of nuclear and extended family structures.

1. Quiz1) What is an advanced culture with cities and a system of writing called? (Society, Civilization)2) What is the way of life including beliefs, customs, and practices called? (Culture, Society) 3) What type of family includes a mother, father, and children called? ( Extended, Nuclear)4) this provides a basis for culture (Language, Religion)5) A grouping of people based on rank or status. (Social class or Hierarchy)

2. Cultures of the WorldChapter 4Sections 1 & 2

3. Understanding CulturesCulture- people’s way of life including, their beliefs, customs, and practices.Elements of CultureParents pass culture to their children and so on and so on.Cultural traits are the way a people do things. These can change with time.Language, spiritual beliefs, material things, right and wrong, and government

4. People and their landTo study culture, geographers look at Human-Environmental Interaction.Environment does not always dictate culture.Culture can have a big impact on environment.Cultural Landscape- parts of a people’s environment that they have shaped and the technology they have used to shape it.

5. Development of Culture4 major advances in technology- Invention of tools millions of years agoControl of fireDevelopment of farmingDevelopment of civilization Civilization- advanced cultures with cities and system of writing

6. Agricultural Revolution- when people began to rely mostly on farming for their food.Irrigation is a major factor in this revolutionFull time farming allowed people to grow more than they need and build up surpluses of food. This allowed others to specialize as well outside of farming.Led to the development of trading.Industrial Revolution- 200 years ago people developed power-driven machines to make things

7. Development of InstitutionsInstitutions- customs and organizations with social, educational, and religious purposes.After Agro. Revolution more complex institutions needed to be developedExtended families, political institutions,

8. As cities grew other institutions were needed Organized religionArmies for protectionGovernments SchoolsToday we have new types of institutionsSports clubsUniversities CorporationsInstitutions are an important part of our culture

9. Culture and SocietyHow Society is OrganizedSociety- group of people that share a cultureSocial Structure- pattern of organized relationships among groups of people within a societyFamily is the most basic and most important social unit

10. Social ClassesSocial Classes- groups of people based on rank or statusdetermined by: wealth, land, education, or ancestorsKinds of familiesNuclear family- Mother, Father and kidscommon in developed nationsExtended families- families that include several generationless common and mainly found in developing and rural developed nations

11. LanguageLanguage is the basis for cultureEach culture even if within the same country is different because of languageReligionevery culture has some sort of religionBeliefs and practices may vary between religionsHelps make sense of the worldProvides comfort and hope

12. Helps to answer purpose and meaning of lifeGuides people in ethics (standard or accepted behaviors).All have prayer and rituals One or many godsCelebrate special places and times