Engineering design process and tool

1. Fundamentals of Engineering Design
CH.2
THE DESIGN PROCESS AND DESIGN TOOLS
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2. Chapter Objectives
Defining design term
Defining and understanding design process
 Exploring some of engineering design tools
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3. What is a design ?
• The word “design” is often used as a genetic term that refers to
anything that was made by a conscious human effort.
• Design is also a process that is used to systematically solve problems.
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4. What is a design process ?
• Design process is a method to solve problems and create things people
want. It's like a step-by-step plan where you come up with many ideas,
but in the end, you choose the best one to meet people's needs.
• There are several design processes used in different technical fields.
• The following is the most common design process practice:
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5. 1- Define
problem
2- Brainstorm
3- Research &
generate
ideas
4- Identify
criteria and
constraints
5- Explore
possibilities
6- Select
approach
7- Develop
design
proposal
8- Model or
prototype
9- Test and
evaluate
10- Refine
11- Create or
make
12-
Communicate
results
Design Process
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6. 1- Define a problem
• Receive a problem to solve from the client.
• Gather information.
• Be inspired through media exposure of a current problem and take
action.
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7. 2- Brainstorm
• Brainstorming is when a group of people
gets together to share and come up with
lots of ideas on a topic. It's a creative and
open-minded way to think of possibilities
without worrying about perfection.
• Develop preliminary ideas.
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8. 3- Research and generate ideas
• Conduct interview with those who affected by problem.
• Research solutions that may already exist; identify shortcomings and
reasons why they are not applicable to this situation.
• Compile ideas and report findings to the team.
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9. 4- Identify criteria and specify constraints
• Identify what the solution should do and the degree to which the solution
will be pursued.
• Identify constraints ( i.e., budget and time are typical considerations).
• Draft the design brief.
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10. 5- Explore possibilities.
• Consider further development of brainstorming ideas with constrains
and tradeoffs.
• Explore alternatives ideas based on further knowledge and
technologies.
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11. 6- Select an approach
• Review brainstormed information and
answer any lingering questions.
• Narrow ideas down through a voting process,
or by use a decision matrix.
• Decide on final idea, usually through group
consensus.
Decision matrix is a tool to evaluate and select the best
option between different choices.
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12. 7- Develop a design
proposal
• Making annotated sketches for further
details.
• Make decisions regarding material types
and manufacturing methods.
• Generate computer models to refine the
ideas.
• Produce working drawings so the idea can
be built.
• implement the design in this stage.
Example of initial working drawings for different
design of helmets
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13. Example of working drawings for architecture engineering
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14. Example of working drawings of a car’s Electrical Circuit for electrical
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15. Example of working drawings of floor plan for interior design engineering
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16. Example of working drawings of building footing reinforcement for civil engineering
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17. 8- Make a model or prototype
• Make models to help communicate with
idea, and study the aspects such as shapes,
form, fit or texture.
• Construct a prototype ( i.e., A a simple and
small test model of an idea) from the
working drawings, so the solution can be
tested.
Example of scaled model prototype
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18. Image prototype of AlJoharah tower in Hail city
3D printing prototype of shoes design
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19. 9- Design, test and evaluate
• Design experiments and test the prototype in controlled and working
environment.
• Gather performance data; analysis and check results against established
criteria.
• Conduct a formal assessment to flash out areas of concerns, identify
shortcomings, and establish any need for redesign the work.
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20. 10- Refine the design
• Make design changes; modify or rebuild the prototype.
• Make refinement until accuracy and repeatability of the prototype’s
performance results are consistent.
• Update documentation to reflect changes.
• Get feedback from users to see if the requirements have been met.
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21. 11- Create or make solution
• Determine custom/mass production.
• Consider packaging.
12- Communicate processes and results
• Communicate the designer’s final solution through media such as Power point,
poster session, and technical report
• Market the product.
• Distribute
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22. Engineering design tools
• Engineering design involves the use of various digital tools to
facilitate the creation and development of solutions.
• Here are some common engineering design tools for each major:
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23. Civil Engineering:
• AutoCAD Civil 3D: design and
documentation software for civil
engineering projects.
• Revit Structure: building
information modeling (BIM)
software for structural engineering.
Architectural Engineering:
• AutoCAD Architecture: software
for architectural design and drafting.
• SketchUp: 3D modeling software
for architectural design.
• Revit: BIM software used for
architectural design and
documentation
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24. Mechanical Engineering:
• SolidWorks: 3D CAD software for
mechanical design and simulation.
• CATIA: Comprehensive software
for product design and engineering.
• ANSYS: Simulation software for
structural, fluid, and electromagnetic
analysis.
Electrical Engineering:
• AutoCAD Electrical: Software for
electrical design and drafting.
• MATLAB/Simulink: Mathematical
modeling and simulation tools for
electrical systems.
• Altium Designer: PCB design
software for electronic
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25. Chemical Engineering:
• Aspen Plus: Process simulation
software for chemical engineering.
• COMSOL Multiphysics:
Multiphysics simulation software for
modeling chemical processes.
• CHEMCAD: Process simulation
software for chemical engineering.
Industrial Engineering:
• Arena Simulation Software:
Discrete event simulation tool for
modeling complex systems.
• Lean Six Sigma Tools: Tools like
Value Stream Mapping and Kaizen
for process improvement.
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26. Interior Design Engineering:
• AutoCAD Interior Design: Software
for interior design drafting and
documentation.
• SketchUp: 3D modeling software for
creating interior design concepts.
• Adobe Creative Suite (Photoshop,
Illustrator): Graphic design tools for
creating visual presentations.
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