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Washington's army was outnumbered 4 to 1 by the British at the start of the Revolutionary War. Through clever tactics like ferrying troops across the Delaware River on Christmas night to surprise Hessian forces, Washington was able to boost American morale after early defeats and keep his army intact. Later key events included the British surrender at Saratoga after several failed campaigns, bringing France into the war as an American ally, and the difficult winter the Continental Army endured at Valley Forge with the help of Baron von Steuben's training.
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Ci unit plan power point presentation
This unit plan aims to analyze Shakespeare's play The Tempest with an 11th grade English class over 5 days. The class contains a diverse group of 25 students with different learning styles. They are already familiar with Shakespeare's works. Each day focuses on a different part of the play - reading, discussion, videos - with the goal of understanding key points. Students will work in groups to rewrite the ending and present final projects applying technology like PowerPoints and videos. Resources include online summaries and guides, as well as recordings of Shakespeare's works.
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This document summarizes the roles of various groups in the American Revolutionary War, including women, African Americans, Native Americans, and key battles in different regions. It discusses how women like Mary Hayes and Betsy Ross aided the Patriot cause, and how African Americans like Prince Estabrook faced difficult choices in fighting for the Patriots or British. Native American tribes provided support to the British in battles across the frontier. The document also outlines major naval and land victories for the Patriots, including John Paul Jones' capture of the Serapis and the eventual removal of the British from North Carolina.
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The document provides an overview of the major events leading up to and during the American Revolutionary War, beginning with European powers competing for resources and military strength, which upset the balance of power. It then discusses several key causes of the war, including the French and Indian War, the Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and other taxes imposed by the British. Major battles like Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, Trenton, Saratoga, Valley Forge, and Yorktown are summarized. Key figures on both sides are also mentioned.
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The document summarizes key people, battles, and events during the American Revolutionary War. It describes notable figures who supported the Patriot cause, such as the Marquis de Lafayette and Benjamin Franklin. It outlines important battles like Trenton, Saratoga, and Yorktown. It also discusses the hard winter at Valley Forge and Cornwallis's eventual surrender at Yorktown, leading to British recognition of American independence in the 1783 Treaty of Paris.
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The document summarizes key events and figures in the American Revolutionary War that led to British surrender. Patriots attacked British forces led by Patrick Ferguson at Kings Mountain, killing or capturing the entire force. Francis Marion, known as the "Swamp Fox", harassed British General Cornwallis so much that he left South Carolina for Virginia. Cornwallis was eventually surrounded at Yorktown by American and French forces led by Washington, Lafayette, and de Grasse, forcing his surrender on October 19, 1781, which marked a major turning point in the war.
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The document summarizes the Spanish-American War between Spain and the United States over Spain's occupation of Cuba in the late 1890s. It discusses how Spain established brutal reconcentration camps in Cuba that killed thousands of civilians and sparked outrage in the US. American newspapers exaggerated Spanish atrocities and the sinking of the USS Maine to stir up pro-war sentiment. The US declared war on Spain in 1898 and quickly defeated Spanish forces in Cuba and the Philippines. This marked the end of the US policy of isolationism and the beginning of its emergence as an imperial power with new overseas territories.
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This document provides an overview of the different factions involved in the American Revolutionary War. It discusses the strengths of the American Patriots, and profiles several important women Patriots like Hannah Arnett, Catherine Moore Barry, and Elizabeth Burgin. It then examines the roles and perspectives of other factions like Loyalists, women, neutrals, Native Americans, and African Americans. Key points are that women on both sides played important roles despite lacking recognition, and that the 13 colonies contained a diversity of groups with differing stances towards the war and British rule.
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World War 2 had a large impact on Georgia's development. The state's economy grew as it became the site of many new military bases and industries like the Bell Aircraft plant and Brunswick and Savannah shipyards. These facilities brought jobs and money into Georgia. Politicians like Richard Russell and Carl Vinson promoted the military and helped the state benefit from the war. The war also led to social changes as women entered the workforce while rationing and victory gardens supported the war effort at home.
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Mrs. Hughes has rules for her classroom regarding paying attention, missing class, following the daily agenda, completing homework, and phone usage. Students are expected to focus in class, make up any missed work if absent, know what is planned each day, finish assignments outside of school, and keep phones away during lessons.
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The document distinguishes between primary and secondary sources. Primary sources are first-hand accounts or original records, such as interviews with former slaves or Holocaust survivors. Secondary sources are one step removed, like a history book or Hollywood movie based on primary research. Determining the credibility of differing accounts of an event may depend on the relationship of the source to the event and potential biases.
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The US became involved in Vietnam to prevent South Vietnam from falling to communism, fearing this could lead other Southeast Asian countries to also fall (domino theory). While initially sending advisors, the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution allowed greater US action after alleged attacks on US destroyers. However, the US struggled against an elusive Viet Cong enemy hidden in jungles, without clear targets. Growing anti-war sentiment at home was exacerbated by the surprising Tet Offensive, though the US began gradually transferring responsibility to South Vietnam through Vietnamization while still providing support.
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Hitler violated the Treaty of Versailles and annexed Austria and the Sudetenland without resistance. At the Munich Agreement, Britain appeased Hitler by allowing the annexation of Czechoslovakia, but Hitler soon invaded Poland, starting World War 2. Germany had early success using its new Blitzkrieg tactics to quickly defeat Poland, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and France. Though the British rescued troops from Dunkirk, Britain stood alone against Germany until Hitler invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, opening a second front.
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Benito Mussolini seized power in Italy in the 1920s and established a fascist government, creating the "black shirts" militia to enforce his rule. He invaded Ethiopia in Africa and Japan attacked Manchuria in China, and both faced ineffective responses from the League of Nations. In Germany, Adolf Hitler rose to power as the Nazi party leader and chancellor, preaching against the unfair Treaty of Versailles and beginning to remilitarize the country by sending troops to the Rhineland. The authoritarian leaders of Italy, Germany and Japan would later form the Axis alliance.
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The 1936 US presidential election saw Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt defeat Republican Alf Landon. Roosevelt proposed a controversial "Court Packing Plan" to add more justices to the Supreme Court if they did not retire after age 70, but Congress defeated the bill. The New Deal programs increased US debt and emphasized government aid, shifting the US to a modern welfare state. Roosevelt also took the US off the gold standard, giving the government more control over the money supply.
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Franklin D. Roosevelt defeated Herbert Hoover in the 1932 presidential election amidst the Great Depression. As president, FDR established numerous programs through his New Deal initiative to provide relief, reform the economy, and regulate finance in response to the economic crisis. These programs included the establishment of the Civilian Conservation Corps to create jobs for young unemployed men, the Tennessee Valley Authority to build infrastructure projects like dams and provide electricity, and the Social Security Act to offer assistance to the elderly.
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Stocks crashed on October 24, 1929 in heavy selling known as Black Thursday, with prices plunging and over $4 billion in paper losses. Billions more were lost two days later on Black Tuesday, wiping out many investors. The massive sell-off marked the beginning of the Great Depression, with plummeting demand causing industrial output and employment to drop sharply. Unemployment rose to one in four as banks failed and shantytowns emerged.
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Germany attacked France and cornered Allied forces at Dunkirk, but bad weather allowed the British navy to rescue troops across the English Channel. Germany then bombed Britain for over 3 months but failed to break the Royal Air Force. Hitler invaded the Soviet Union to seize its resources but faced scorched earth tactics, and later turned his attention to the Pacific by attacking islands like the Philippines. Several key events turned the tide of war, including Germany fighting on two fronts after invading the USSR, the US entering the war after Japan's attack, Italy surrendering following the Allied invasion of Sicily, and the Allied D-Day invasion of France leading ultimately to Germany's defeat on V-E Day in 1945, after which the US dropped atomic
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The key causes of WWII were the rise of dictators like Hitler in Germany, Mussolini in Italy, and Hirohito in Japan. Germany's economy was ruined after harsh treatment following WWI, including huge reparation payments. Countries were increasingly aggressive in expanding their borders, which the weak League of Nations struggled to address. Germany openly disregarded the Treaty of Versailles and remilitarized the Rhineland, while Britain pursued appeasement. Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939 and Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 drew the major Allied powers into the war.
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The Great Depression was caused by the financial devastation of World War I, with the US loaning money to allies who did not repay, the failure of the Federal Reserve to control interest rates, and the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act raising prices of foreign goods and reducing US exports. This led to about 1/3 of the workforce becoming unemployed even as Hoover and later FDR created numerous government programs to stimulate the economy and help the unemployed in the face of the crisis.
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After World War 1, several dictators rose to power in Russia, Germany, and Italy. In Russia, Vladimir Lenin led the Bolsheviks and became dictator after the execution of Czar Nicholas II. In Germany, Adolf Hitler led the Nazi party and declared himself dictator after gaining power. In Italy, Benito Mussolini led the Fascist party and was appointed leader after marching on Rome. These dictators consolidated their control and rebuilt their militaries, undermining the peace efforts of the League of Nations and other post-WW1 agreements.
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WWI began in 1914 when Germany invaded Belgium to launch an attack on France as part of the Schlieffen Plan. This brought Britain into the war against Germany and Austria-Hungary. The war quickly resulted in trench warfare and a stalemate as both sides suffered massive casualties without significant gains. New weapons like tanks, planes, submarines, and poison gas were introduced but failed to break the stalemate. The US joined the Allies in 1917, and Germany surrendered in 1918 after the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk separated Russia from the war and its resources were exhausted. The Treaty of Versailles ended WWI and imposed punitive terms on Germany. In total, over 20 million people died in the war making it
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World War I was caused by militarism, imperialism, and a system of rival alliances between European powers. Countries had built up large militaries and still sought to expand their territories abroad. A network of agreements bound countries to allies, including the Triple Entente of Britain, France and Russia and the Central Powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand sparked the war after tensions had risen between these alliance blocs for years.
Ch 14 sec 3
This document summarizes the contributions of several important scientists from the 19th century including James Maxwell, Louis Pasteur, and Charles Darwin, and highlights several technological advancements such as the railroad, steamship, internal combustion engine, airplane, telegraph, and telephone. Key scientific discoveries included Maxwell's work in physics and astronomy, Pasteur's disproving of spontaneous generation and development of pasteurization, and Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. Major technologies that transformed transportation and communication during this period were also outlined.
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Ch 6 sec 3
- 2. • Washington was outnumbered 4 to 1 • The Americans had to get out of New York, but how? • One of Washington’s aides brought a fleet of fishing boats, rowboats and sailing ships. • On a rainy night followed by heavy fog allowed the army to ferry across to safety
- 3. • The Americans had low morale • Enlistments were due to expire • Americans needed a victory to attract more men to the cause • Washington crossed the Delaware River on Christmas night • Surprised the Hessians and captured 900 • No Americans died
- 5. • Charles Cornwallis sent troops to Trenton to capture Washington • Washington left decoy fires and marched to Princeton • He captured Princeton
- 8. • The British plan was to all meet in Albany, New York and attack Americans
- 10. • It went wrong for the British – One decided to take a different route – One heard rumors and retreated – One ran out of supplies • Burgoyne decided to attack anyway (the one that ran out of supplies) • Gates led the Americans • The British suffered heavy casualties
- 11. Surrender of General Burgoyne
- 12. General Horatio Burgoyne Gates
- 13. • He decided to attack again three weeks later and lost badly. • Burgoyne surrendered on October 17, 1777
- 14. • The Battle of Saratoga brought France into the war to help the Americans.
- 15. Valley Forge • In Pennsylvania • Where the Americans spent the winter of 1777-1778 • Had few supplies and no money to buy more
- 18. Baron Von Steuben • His name was Lieutenant General Frederick William Augustus Henry Ferdinand Baron von Steuben • A German who trained the army. • Had them focus on the cause rather than their hardships
- 21. Margaret Corbin • Fought along side her husband. • She was shot and wounded and her wound was so severe that she was an invalid the rest of her life
- 22. Mary Ludwig Hays • Called “Molly Pitcher” • Carried water to the troops during battle • Fired her husbands cannon when he was injured
- 24. Betty Zane • During a battle the Americans were running low on gun powder • She ran the 100 yards to retrieve it
- 25. “Mad Anne” Bailey • Indians thought she was protected by the Great Spirit or insane • She traveled alone through Indian areas to retrieve gunpowder for Americans
- 26. Nancy Hart • Called the “war woman” • Had a man gallop through her house • Six Loyalists forced her to cook for them • She sent her daughter to get help, killed two of them with their muskets while eating and held the rest at gunpoint
- 28. George Rogers Clark • Famous Patriot that fought in the West
- 29. War at Sea • America did not have a navy • America used privateers. (merchant vessels outfitted to fight) • Most famous naval officer was John Paul Jones
Editor's Notes
- Read note about Crossing Delaware picture on page 96
- General Burgoyne – south from MontrealGeneral Howe – north up the Hudson RiverGeneral St. Leger – down the St. Lawerence, to Lake Ontario, cut east across the Mohawk River Valley
- How many people died at Saratoga?
- Why? The French hoped to weaken its greatest enemy
- Once when chased, she hid in hollow log..when Indians left she followed them and took back everything they had stolen from her