Cues, questions, and advance organizers are instructional techniques that activate students' prior knowledge to help them learn new information. Cues and questions elicit what students already know about a topic, while advance organizers provide context before new learning. Effective cues and questions focus on important rather than unusual information. Asking higher-level analytic questions leads to deeper learning than lower-level questions. Advance organizers help bridge gaps in knowledge by presenting new topics in expository, narrative, graphic or other formats before instruction.