2. • Motivation has derived from’’ MOTIVE’’, which
means to move ,to act to satisfy a need or
want.
• It also means impulses or urges in an
individual to do work.
• Motivation is an internal psychophysiological
phenomenon generated through basic needs
or drive that arouses a tendency to attain the
desired goal
3. DEFINITION
• According to Scott, motivation is the process of
stimulating people to action to accomplish the
desired goals.
• Motivation is a type of force that motivates
people to act. It assist in explaining the cause
and way of human behavior .It is an internal
condition that activates one's behavior ,giving
its direction.
4. MOTIVATION PROCESS
Motivation is a process and has three elements:
• Driving state
• The behavior activation by the state
• The goal
It is a continuous process and has various
stages.
6. • UNSATISFIED NEED: The first step of
motivation starts from arousing an individuals
need or desire activated by internal or external
stimuli. A need is a physiological or
psychological state of deprivation that compels
a person for some action for its satisfication.it
ranges from basic survival need to a need for
power and self actualization.
• TENSION: the unsatisfied need or desire
creates tension in the individual . The tension
can be physical ,psychological or sociological.
7. • DRIVE: A drive is an aroused condition that
directs an individual’s behavior to avoid tension
or fulfill the urge and compel to act.
• MOTIVE(WANT):it is an internal force that
determines the action of a person. It directs
explains and predicts the behavior of a person
called the instrumental behavior. Motives are
physiological ,social and personal ,influenced by
cognitive processes and individual learning
attitude, perception ,culture ,experiences etc
8. • ACTION(BEHAVIOUR):The individuals takes
action after searching for information and
alternatives and selecting the best alternative
(instrument behavior).the instrumental behavior
helps a person to reach the goal.
• OUTCOME: because of the action the goal is
either fulfilled or unfilled.
• FEEDBACK: Upon filling the need the individual
feels satisfaction and if not tension will persist and
repeat the motivation cycle.
9. TYPES OF MOTIVATION
• INTRINSIC MOTIVATION: it refers to motivation
driven by interest and enjoyment and exists within a
person rather than external pressure.it is associated
with high educational development and students
enjoyment.it is the personal gratification and feeling of
fullfillment,rather than just achieving a goal.
• EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION:A kind of motivation
that comes from outside of the individual, is extrinsic
motivation . Common extrinsic motivations are
rewards, money, incentives, popularity, competition,
achievement and threat of punishment.
10. • Energizes behavior- it increases the efforts and energy.
It increases initiation of and persistence in teaching
learning activities.
• Directs behavior-directs the behavior of students to
achieve specific educational goals.
• Modifying behavioral pattern-modification of
behavioral pattern that may facilitate learning and
achievement.
• Develop interest-to learn new knowledge and skills
• Knowledge and skill acquisition-to enhance cognitive
processing. To improve performance.
• General development-helps in generating moral values
among students.
ROLE OF MOTIVATION IN
EDUCATION
11. METHODS TO IMPROVE
MOTIVATION
• Give a sense of control
• Be clear about learning objectives
• Creating a threat free learning environment
• Offer varied learning experiences
• Link new knowledge with past experiences
• Reach the students level
• Use examples
• Use positive competition
• Offer awards
• Give responsibilities
12. • Allow students to work in groups
• When earned praise the students
• Giving learning feedback and offering chances
to improve
• Encourage self reflection
• Provide oppurtunities for success.
13. SOCIALATTITUDES
• A social attitude is one of the determinants of
social behaviour.
• Social attittude provide social control.
• It is a person or group’s reaction to other
people, races, cultures,ideas or traits.
• It measures the personsor groups likes or
dislikes of specific subjects.
14. TYPES OF SOCIALATTITTUDES
• Affective or Emotional : it includes a person’s
feelings experienced in evaluating a particular
entity.
• Behavioural or Conative: the behavioural
attitude is the conduct that results from a
social attitude.
• Cognitive : cognitive attitude refers to a
person’s belief ,thought or knowledge
associated with an attitude object.
