The document provides information on physical development during an infant's first year. It discusses how infants develop motor skills from head to toe and near to far over the year. Key milestones include lifting the head, sitting, crawling, standing, and beginning to walk. It also covers growth in weight, height, vision, hearing, voice, teething and nutrition including introducing solids and self-feeding. The document provides tips for bathing, dressing, diapering and establishing sleep routines for infants.
Growth and development of all age groups | Juhin JJuhin J
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Physical growth is an increase in size. Development is growth in function and capability. Both processes highly depend on genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors. As children develop physiologically and emotionally, it is useful to define certain age-based groups.
Psychosocial Development of Infancy & ToddlerhoodAce Matilac
Psychosocial Development of infancy & toddlerhood
Refers to the emotional and psychological changes across the life cycle that occurs in the context of the individual’s social environment.
Erikson described the time that an individual experiences a psychological challenge
as a crisis
"The development tasks of the infant; Motor development; Perceptual development; Language development; Social development; the concept 'attachment': phases of attachment, types of attachment, factors influencing attachment (The mother’s personality, Her general attitude towards children, The quality of the marital relationship, The attitude of her husband towards the child and Her socio-economic situation); the role of the father; The role of care-givers and siblings; Stranger anxiety during infancy; Separation anxiety during infancy; Socialization process during infancy and Parental influence .
Developmental Stages Week 7Christina Sierra 1Sub.docxhcheryl1
Developmental Stages
Week 7
Christina Sierra
1
Subjects
Developmental Management in Pediatric Primary Care
Developmental Management of Infants
Developmental Management of Early Childhood
Developmental Management of School Age Children
Developmental Management of Adolescents
2
Developmental Management in Pediatric Primary Care
Assessing development
Height weight head circumference
Interviewing parents
Knowing appropriate milestones
Educating families on normal vs abnormal
Educating on developmental expectations
We all grow at different rates so never compare yourself to someone else’s situation, doing so, can only bring disappointment.
- Massy Arias
3
Growth
Chart
In child development nothing is set in stone.
There is a grey area in timing.
Development has a variation in time- it maybe a few weeks or months.
Developmental Management
of Infants
Birth to one month:
Babies lose 5-8% of body weight in their first few days and then regain within 10-14 days
They should gain about 2 lbs per month
Nutritional needs should meet 110 kcal/kg/day
Sleep about 16 hours
Sucking, rooting, tonic neck, moro, grasp- present and symmetric
Moving hand to mouth, sucking, or grasp clothing- self console
May turn to parents voice
Visual space is about 8 -12 in from face, vision is foggy
Hearing and smell is developed- but especially smell
Four ways of being awake:
1. Drowsy
2. Quiet but alert
3. Crying
4. Alert and active
What does a baby’s cry mean?
Normal
Hunger- rhythmic intense
They want to be cuddled-slow, low tone
Pain- high pitch screetchy
Tired- slow rhythmic, intensifies
Cries should be distinctive and vary on needs or feels.
This begins articulation
What does a baby’s cry mean?
Usually colics
Crying for over 30 minutes even after being fed, cleaned, consoled.
High-pitched, shrieking
Abnormal central nervous system
Cornelia de Lange syndrome – like a bleating lamb
Cri-du-chat syndrome- like a cat
Cerebral irritability (i.e. meningitis, hydrocephalus, kernicterus)
Malnutrition especially marasmus
Grunting
Pneumonia
Sepsis
Hoarseness
Hypothyroidism
Trauma to the hypopharynx
Vocal cord paralysis
Muffled
Epiglottis
Stridorous
Foreign body
Infection – abscesses, croup, epiglottitis
Laryngeal abnormalities
Oropharynx abnormalities
Tracheal abnormalities
Neoplasm
Weak or whimperyMuscle weakness
Muscular dystrophy
Myasthenia gravis
Infection
1 month to 3 months
Growth in height is approximately 1.4in per month
Growth in head circumference is approximately 0.8 in
Weight gain is approximately 420 g= about 1 lb a month
Growth spurts are expected and baby will eat more in a quicker time frame
Baby becomes more routined with sleeping, passing stool and eating schedule
Body movement is symmetric
Attempts to grasp objects
Cooing and babbling should be expected
Response to conversations- acknowledgment, turning head, focused with communication with body language
They may show smiles, imitation, tracking objects.
Physical growth is an increase in size. Development is growth in function and capability. Both processes highly depend on genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors. As children develop physiologically and emotionally, it is useful to define certain age-based groups.
Psychosocial Development of Infancy & ToddlerhoodAce Matilac
Psychosocial Development of infancy & toddlerhood
Refers to the emotional and psychological changes across the life cycle that occurs in the context of the individual’s social environment.
Erikson described the time that an individual experiences a psychological challenge
as a crisis
"The development tasks of the infant; Motor development; Perceptual development; Language development; Social development; the concept 'attachment': phases of attachment, types of attachment, factors influencing attachment (The mother’s personality, Her general attitude towards children, The quality of the marital relationship, The attitude of her husband towards the child and Her socio-economic situation); the role of the father; The role of care-givers and siblings; Stranger anxiety during infancy; Separation anxiety during infancy; Socialization process during infancy and Parental influence .
Developmental Stages Week 7Christina Sierra 1Sub.docxhcheryl1
Developmental Stages
Week 7
Christina Sierra
1
Subjects
Developmental Management in Pediatric Primary Care
Developmental Management of Infants
Developmental Management of Early Childhood
Developmental Management of School Age Children
Developmental Management of Adolescents
2
Developmental Management in Pediatric Primary Care
Assessing development
Height weight head circumference
Interviewing parents
Knowing appropriate milestones
Educating families on normal vs abnormal
Educating on developmental expectations
We all grow at different rates so never compare yourself to someone else’s situation, doing so, can only bring disappointment.
- Massy Arias
3
Growth
Chart
In child development nothing is set in stone.
There is a grey area in timing.
Development has a variation in time- it maybe a few weeks or months.
Developmental Management
of Infants
Birth to one month:
Babies lose 5-8% of body weight in their first few days and then regain within 10-14 days
They should gain about 2 lbs per month
Nutritional needs should meet 110 kcal/kg/day
Sleep about 16 hours
Sucking, rooting, tonic neck, moro, grasp- present and symmetric
Moving hand to mouth, sucking, or grasp clothing- self console
May turn to parents voice
Visual space is about 8 -12 in from face, vision is foggy
Hearing and smell is developed- but especially smell
Four ways of being awake:
1. Drowsy
2. Quiet but alert
3. Crying
4. Alert and active
What does a baby’s cry mean?
Normal
Hunger- rhythmic intense
They want to be cuddled-slow, low tone
Pain- high pitch screetchy
Tired- slow rhythmic, intensifies
Cries should be distinctive and vary on needs or feels.
This begins articulation
What does a baby’s cry mean?
Usually colics
Crying for over 30 minutes even after being fed, cleaned, consoled.
High-pitched, shrieking
Abnormal central nervous system
Cornelia de Lange syndrome – like a bleating lamb
Cri-du-chat syndrome- like a cat
Cerebral irritability (i.e. meningitis, hydrocephalus, kernicterus)
Malnutrition especially marasmus
Grunting
Pneumonia
Sepsis
Hoarseness
Hypothyroidism
Trauma to the hypopharynx
Vocal cord paralysis
Muffled
Epiglottis
Stridorous
Foreign body
Infection – abscesses, croup, epiglottitis
Laryngeal abnormalities
Oropharynx abnormalities
Tracheal abnormalities
Neoplasm
Weak or whimperyMuscle weakness
Muscular dystrophy
Myasthenia gravis
Infection
1 month to 3 months
Growth in height is approximately 1.4in per month
Growth in head circumference is approximately 0.8 in
Weight gain is approximately 420 g= about 1 lb a month
Growth spurts are expected and baby will eat more in a quicker time frame
Baby becomes more routined with sleeping, passing stool and eating schedule
Body movement is symmetric
Attempts to grasp objects
Cooing and babbling should be expected
Response to conversations- acknowledgment, turning head, focused with communication with body language
They may show smiles, imitation, tracking objects.
Physical development in infancy periodMaheswariS22
In the infancy period, infants have physical, social and emotional, and moral development. Out of that development, in this presentation physical development is discussed.
1. Life Span Development One to Fifteen Months
2. Learning Objectives
3. The growth and development of a child during the first year of life is dramatic.
4. Growth During the First Year
5. Average Lengths and Weights 0-12 months
