The document discusses early childhood development and nutrition. It defines key terms like early childhood, care, development, growth, and nutrition. It outlines objectives of developing IEC materials on ECD and covers topics like bonding, attachment, caregiver well-being, basics of ECD, age-specific development and plays, nutrition through responsive/active feeding, making simple toys, and includes visual pictorials showing growth stages. The overall purpose is to provide caregivers information to support children's healthy development from pregnancy to age 8.

1. Group assignment: IEC material development.
Course code: VND 2204
Lecturer: Kato Peterson Kikomeko
NAME REGISTRATION NUMBER
NSIIME NOREEN 21/ U/HND/16773/PD
NAMANYA ASA
MUHOOZI
21/U/HND/16305/GV
KENGANZI LINNET 20/U/HND/7015/PD
NATAMBA DOREEN 20/U/HND/7020/PD
AUMA FAITH 20/U/HND/7022/PD
SSENONO PATRICK 20/U/HND/13584/PD
LAKICAH MOREEN 20/U/HND/7003/PD

2. EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT AND
NUTRITION
•Definitions of key terms
•Early childhood : is the period from prenatal to age
eight. It captures the full continuum from
pregnancy to 3 years. It is the most rapid period of
development in human life
•Care: Is what the child in order to survive and
thrive – basic needs for protection, food, health
care, interaction and stimulation, affection,
security, and learning through play

3. • Development represents the process of change in which the child
gradually masters more and more complex levels of movement,
thinking, feelings and interacting with people and objects in the
environment. Development is influenced by both biological factors,
the environment within a child lives and learns and the supportive
care they receive.
• Growth: Growth refers to a process of physical change in the child’s
body –height and size
• Nutrition:Is how food is eaten and used by the body for different
purposes including growth, development, good health, reproductive
and survival.

4. Objectives of the early childhood development
IEC materials
• To help need caregivers build healthy and close relationship with their
children from the start
• To give caregivers a general understanding of early childhood
development
• To encourage caregivers to support their children's early learning and
deal positively with the challenges of parenting young children
• To help parents understand how to provide for the young child’s
safety and health needs

5. Bonding Attachment and caregiver well being
• Care for babies and young children includes feeding and nutrition,
and also stimulation and learning – this process is called bonding and
the relationship that forms is attachment. Bonding starts before the
he or she is born
• During breastfeeding, a baby and the mother are very close. They
communicate by responding to the slight movement and sound, even
smell, of the other person.
• Caregivers need to take good care of themselves to take good care of
the baby!
• Responding to babies needs for feeding, cleaning, holding and
interacting teaches them trust.

6. Basics of Early childhood development to give
caregivers general understanding of ECD
• During early childhood development grow and changes occur more rapidly
than in any other time in their lives. They go from being dependent to
walking and talking to being ready to attend ECD programs with other
children
• There are several stages of development that is from birth to one
week(newborn) one week to six months(infant) six to nine
months(infants)nine months to one year(infant) one to two years( toddler)
and two years and up(young child)
• Development is not just physical growth, but also includes social and
language, cognitive( or mental) and emotional development. Brain
development at the early childhood is most rapid producing over a million
neural connections per second
• Picture the wires that connect all the parts of the barin

7. • The young child’s brain is more open to learning and being enriched than
adults, but it is more vulnerable to developmental problems if not properly
cared for and stimulated.
• The prenatal period is also important in early development – a baby can
hear, reorganize voices and see light even in the womb, attachment and
bonding, part of social development, start before the baby is born.
• Parents experience both joy and frustration with the young child's rapidly
changing behaviors, skills and feelings – understanding development can
help them why their child is doing certain things and how they should
respond, notice challenges and seek out for support.

8. • Physical: learning to reach and grab for objects, to sit, stand and walk
• Social: learning to communicate what is needed, and use words to
talk to another person. Becoming part of the family!
• Cognitive: learning to think and solve problems, to compare sizes and
shapes and recognize people.
• Emotional: learning to calm oneself, be patient, be happy and make
others happy and learning to trust.
NB! Nutrition, stimulation, learning and growing are different at every
stage.

9. Nutrition is best through Responsive feeding
/Active feeding
• A recommended way to feed babies by interacting with them. This
includes looking in their eyes, smiling and using gestures and sounds
to interact with the person feeding them.
• Nutrition helps child’s growth directly by impacting on brain
development and indirectly influencing behavioral development.
• Good nutrition will ensure the child has the required energy for
childhood learning and caregiver interaction. They explore their
environment to build on their senses of seeing, touching, hearing and
so on.

10. Age specific plays for stimulation and nutrition
feeding skills
• Prenatal period, Newborn, birth, 1 week up to six month
You baby learn by providing ways for him or her to see, hear, move
arms and legs freely and touch you. Skin to skin is good as this will
create the bond promoting social and emotional development as the
baby gets to know their mother.
It is important to keep you and baby safe from harmful things
The baby’s nutrition here is entirely human breast milk through
exclusive breastfeeding builds on integrated sucking and swallowing
reflexes

11. • The good nutrition will provide the needed energy and other
nutrients for your baby to increase in size, height and learn to crawl
and sit with support to sitting alone.
• Eat plenty of vegetables and fruits, proteins such as chicken, beans,
milk and eggs
• Avoid harmful behaviors such as smoking and alcohol.
• A women should be safe at home and community at all times as
intimate partner violence affects not only the couple but all members
of the household

12. 6 months to 9 months
• Give your child clean safe household things to handle, bang and drop
• Communicate by responding to your child’s sounds and interests, call the
child’s name and see your child’s response, also points at things he likes,
may understand simple words you say.
• Nutrition skills include starting to give your baby thick porridge, well
mashed foods, 2-3 meals a day, offering 2-3 tablespoons per feed, gradually
to a half a cup. As this will promote your baby to have energy to sit alone
firmly, muscles or legs get stronger move ,talk by making cooing sounds
• Fall and accidents can occur more frequently, it is important to always
watch your baby and stay close by putting them in a place where they can
not fall such as the edge of the bed.

13. 9 months to 11 months
• Give your child clean safe household things to handle, bang and drop
• Tell your child the names of things and people, show your child how
to say bye-bye using their hands.
• Your baby will be able to move much faster, copy different sounds he
hears and babble more
• To facilitate all the learning activities above ensure good nutrition by
providing finely chopped or mashed foods and foods that the baby
can pick up that is 3-4 meals per day, offering 1-2 snacks and a half of
a cup quantity.

14. 12 months to 2 years
• Give your child things stack up and to put in a container and out
• Looking at books at an early age can help your child prepare to reading and
writing when gets older.
• Communicate by asking the child simple questions, respond to your child’s
attempt to talk.
• Around this age your baby start to do things and move independently like
walking and feeding themselves.
• Nutrition skills include feeding the child on family foods, chopped or
mashed if necessary providing 3-4 ,meals per day, depending on the child’s
appetite 1-2 snacks may be offered, a half a cup to full cup and continue
breasting beyond the 2 years.
• Always safeguard your baby so that they don’t get harmful things like
poisons, sharp objects or small objects that can choke them.

15. Activity: Making simple toys
• Colour cups for stacking and rattle toys
• Constructing a rattle play material
• Requirements
A clean bottle with lid/cap
Small stones.
Procedures
1. Obtain the bottle if dirt clean it.
2. Get small pieces of stones about 3
3. Put the stones into the bottles and close with the lid for the child to play
with by rattling it.

16. Visual Pictorials: Showing different growth
stages and development

17. Breastfeeding a baby

18. Children during a play session

19. A mother providing play materials her baby

20. An infant pretending to help mother in home
chores

21. A mother showing baby colorful pictures and
how to read and write

22. A mother communicating to the baby in
womb