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Comprehensive
Cancer Control
In Action
2006
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
How It Began
A decade ago, state and national
organizations began linking cancer
prevention and control programs to fight
cancer more effectively.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Definition
Comprehensive Cancer Control is a
collaborative process through which a
community pools resources to reduce
the burden of cancer that results in:
• Risk reduction.
• Early detection.
• Better treatment.
• Enhanced survivorship.
• A united front is more powerful.
• Working together is more efficient.
• Collective action creates new allies.
• Coalitions can tackle cross-cutting issues.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Benefits of Collaboration
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
National Partners
Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention
American Cancer Society
C-Change
American College of Surgeons,
Commission on Cancer
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
National Partners
National Cancer Institute
Intercultural Cancer Council
Lance Armstrong Foundation
National Association of County
and City Health Officials
National Association of
Chronic Disease Directors
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
National Partners’ Role
• Support CCC by:
– Providing a national framework.
– Contributing and developing resources.
– Identifying the need for additional resources.
– Studying process and outcomes.
– Hosting leadership development and training
workshops.
• National-level collaboration on:
– Comprehensive Cancer Control Leadership
Institutes.
– Planning Assistance Team Visits.
– Leadership Support Teams.
– Cancer Control PLANET (http://cancercontrolplanet
.cancer.gov).
– CancerPlan.org (www.cancerplan.org).
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
National Partners’ Role
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
National Partners’ Role
• At the state and community levels,
National Partners:
– Provide technical assistance to CCC
programs and coalitions.
– Conduct trainings on the critical skills
and knowledge needed to create and
implement plans.
– Advocate for CCC efforts.
– Supply resources to support implementation
of specific cancer plan strategies.
– Offer expertise and leadership to accomplish
shared goals.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
CDC’s Role
• Provide initial funds for CCC
programs nationwide.
• Advise and support CCC programs:
– Planning.
– Putting plans into action.
• Support evaluation of national CCC outcomes.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
CDC’s National Program
• Funds states, tribes, and territories to:
– Establish CCC coalitions.
– Assess the burden of cancer.
– Determine priorities.
– Develop and implement CCC plans.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
CCC Programs’ Role
• Assess the cancer burden.
• Identify stakeholders and build a coalition.
• Develop a framework and vision.
• Create a plan.
• Set priorities and gather resources.
• Define steps for putting the plan into action.
• Put the plan into action.
• Evaluate activities.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Scope of CDC’s
National Program
• As of July 2005:
– 63 CCC programs exist.
– 44 CCC plans are completed
and being put into action.
– 50–600 members in each
coalition.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Results
• Reduce risk.
• Detect cancers earlier.
• Improve treatment.
• Enhance survivorship.
• Decrease health disparities.
Photo courtesy the Alaska Native Tribal
Health Consortium, © Clark James.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Risk Reduction
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Risk Reduction
• Reduce cancer risk by encouraging people to:
– Avoid tobacco use.
– Eat a healthy, balanced diet.
– Maintain a healthy weight.
– Exercise regularly.
– Limit alcohol consumption.
– Protect themselves from environmental risks
(i.e., sun exposure).
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Risk Reduction
Program Example
• California
– The Skin Cancer Prevention
Program is working to help
businesses, organizations,
and individuals understand
why and how to protect
themselves from the sun.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Early Detection
• Detect cancers earlier by:
– Promoting recommended cancer screening
guidelines and tests.
– Educating people about possible cancer
signs and symptoms.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Early Detection
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Early Detection
Program Example
• Ohio
– Colorectal cancer task
force provides screening
and follow-up services to
rural populations.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Better Treatment
• Improve treatment by:
– Increasing access to quality cancer care.
– Increasing participation in clinical trials.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Better Treatment
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Better Treatment
Program Example
• Delaware
– New cancer program provides
treatment for qualified
individuals who can't afford it.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Enhanced Survivorship
• Enhance quality of life for cancer survivors:
– Physical.
– Psychological.
– Practical (i.e., financial and legal issues,
health insurance, long-term planning).
• Study interventions that promote health
and well-being:
– Exercise.
– Pain management.
– Coping.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Enhanced Survivorship
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Survivorship
Program Example
• Pennsylvania
– Assessing the unmet
psychosocial needs of
cancer patients and their
caregivers, across all
stages of cancer and all
care settings.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Health Disparities
• Decrease health disparities by closing
gaps in screening use for:
– Individuals with no usual source of care.
– Uninsured people.
– Recent immigrants.
– Racial and ethnic minorities.
– People with limited income.
– Rural populations.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Health
Disparities Example
• Florida
– Disparities program
successfully reaches
older, minority adults
with education and
screening services.
“Comprehensive Cancer Control means collaborating to
conquer cancer. Federal, state, county, and local
communities are coming together—unified by a plan,
resolved to act—to ease the burden of cancer, now.”
Eddie Reed, MD
Director, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
National Voices
of Support
“NCI’s Challenge Goal to the nation is to eliminate the suffering and
death due to cancer. To achieve this will require the commitment and
collaboration of all members of the cancer community—researchers,
advocates, public health experts, health care providers, and survivors.
Together we are a force that combines the best of science, medicine,
and health care. Through efforts such as Comprehensive Cancer
Control, we will provide the means to prevent, control, and eliminate
cancer.”
John Niederhuber, MD
Deputy Director
National Cancer Institute
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
National Voices
of Support
“Public policy and advocacy are as important to controlling cancer as
are scientific advances. Research, advocacy, education, and service
delivery are all needed to get us to our ultimate goal of a cancer-free
world. This is Comprehensive Cancer Control. We’re reaching
across disciplines, uniting to conquer cancer.”
John Seffrin, PhD
Chief Executive Officer
American Cancer Society
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
National Voices
of Support
“To enhance the quality of life of people affected by cancer,
a collaborative, comprehensive approach to addressing
the cancer continuum is imperative. Together, we can
positively impact the physical, emotional, and practical
challenges of cancer survivorship.”
Mitch Stoller
President and Chief Executive Officer
Lance Armstrong Foundation
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Advocates’ Voices
of Support
[States/tribes/territories can add a local quote
here to customize the slide.]
[ Name ]
[ Title ]
[ Organization ]
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Local Voices of
Support
• Support a CCC coalition.
• Contribute and garner resources.
• Talk to decision-makers.
For more information, visit www.cdc.gov/cancer/ncccp.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
How You Can
Get Involved
• CDC’s National Program (NCCCP)
www.cdc.gov/cancer/ncccp.
• Cancer Control PLANET
http://cancercontrolplanet.cancer.gov.
• CCC Program Information
www.cancerplan.org.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Resources
36
Comprehensive
Cancer Control
In Action
2006
• You may use this slide to create
additional slides to customize
this presentation.
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL:
Title

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Ccc in practice_powerpoint_2

  • 2. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: How It Began A decade ago, state and national organizations began linking cancer prevention and control programs to fight cancer more effectively.
  • 3. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Definition Comprehensive Cancer Control is a collaborative process through which a community pools resources to reduce the burden of cancer that results in: • Risk reduction. • Early detection. • Better treatment. • Enhanced survivorship.
  • 4. • A united front is more powerful. • Working together is more efficient. • Collective action creates new allies. • Coalitions can tackle cross-cutting issues. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Benefits of Collaboration
  • 5. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: National Partners Centers for Disease Control and Prevention American Cancer Society C-Change American College of Surgeons, Commission on Cancer
  • 6. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: National Partners National Cancer Institute Intercultural Cancer Council Lance Armstrong Foundation National Association of County and City Health Officials National Association of Chronic Disease Directors
  • 7. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: National Partners’ Role • Support CCC by: – Providing a national framework. – Contributing and developing resources. – Identifying the need for additional resources. – Studying process and outcomes. – Hosting leadership development and training workshops.
  • 8. • National-level collaboration on: – Comprehensive Cancer Control Leadership Institutes. – Planning Assistance Team Visits. – Leadership Support Teams. – Cancer Control PLANET (http://cancercontrolplanet .cancer.gov). – CancerPlan.org (www.cancerplan.org). COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: National Partners’ Role
  • 9. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: National Partners’ Role • At the state and community levels, National Partners: – Provide technical assistance to CCC programs and coalitions. – Conduct trainings on the critical skills and knowledge needed to create and implement plans. – Advocate for CCC efforts. – Supply resources to support implementation of specific cancer plan strategies. – Offer expertise and leadership to accomplish shared goals.
  • 10. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: CDC’s Role • Provide initial funds for CCC programs nationwide. • Advise and support CCC programs: – Planning. – Putting plans into action. • Support evaluation of national CCC outcomes.
  • 11. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: CDC’s National Program • Funds states, tribes, and territories to: – Establish CCC coalitions. – Assess the burden of cancer. – Determine priorities. – Develop and implement CCC plans.
  • 12. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: CCC Programs’ Role • Assess the cancer burden. • Identify stakeholders and build a coalition. • Develop a framework and vision. • Create a plan. • Set priorities and gather resources. • Define steps for putting the plan into action. • Put the plan into action. • Evaluate activities.
  • 13. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Scope of CDC’s National Program • As of July 2005: – 63 CCC programs exist. – 44 CCC plans are completed and being put into action. – 50–600 members in each coalition.
  • 14. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Results • Reduce risk. • Detect cancers earlier. • Improve treatment. • Enhance survivorship. • Decrease health disparities. Photo courtesy the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, © Clark James.
  • 16. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Risk Reduction • Reduce cancer risk by encouraging people to: – Avoid tobacco use. – Eat a healthy, balanced diet. – Maintain a healthy weight. – Exercise regularly. – Limit alcohol consumption. – Protect themselves from environmental risks (i.e., sun exposure).
  • 17. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Risk Reduction Program Example • California – The Skin Cancer Prevention Program is working to help businesses, organizations, and individuals understand why and how to protect themselves from the sun.
  • 19. • Detect cancers earlier by: – Promoting recommended cancer screening guidelines and tests. – Educating people about possible cancer signs and symptoms. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Early Detection
  • 20. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Early Detection Program Example • Ohio – Colorectal cancer task force provides screening and follow-up services to rural populations.
  • 22. • Improve treatment by: – Increasing access to quality cancer care. – Increasing participation in clinical trials. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Better Treatment
  • 23. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Better Treatment Program Example • Delaware – New cancer program provides treatment for qualified individuals who can't afford it.
  • 25. • Enhance quality of life for cancer survivors: – Physical. – Psychological. – Practical (i.e., financial and legal issues, health insurance, long-term planning). • Study interventions that promote health and well-being: – Exercise. – Pain management. – Coping. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Enhanced Survivorship
  • 26. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Survivorship Program Example • Pennsylvania – Assessing the unmet psychosocial needs of cancer patients and their caregivers, across all stages of cancer and all care settings.
  • 27. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Health Disparities • Decrease health disparities by closing gaps in screening use for: – Individuals with no usual source of care. – Uninsured people. – Recent immigrants. – Racial and ethnic minorities. – People with limited income. – Rural populations.
  • 28. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Health Disparities Example • Florida – Disparities program successfully reaches older, minority adults with education and screening services.
  • 29. “Comprehensive Cancer Control means collaborating to conquer cancer. Federal, state, county, and local communities are coming together—unified by a plan, resolved to act—to ease the burden of cancer, now.” Eddie Reed, MD Director, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: National Voices of Support
  • 30. “NCI’s Challenge Goal to the nation is to eliminate the suffering and death due to cancer. To achieve this will require the commitment and collaboration of all members of the cancer community—researchers, advocates, public health experts, health care providers, and survivors. Together we are a force that combines the best of science, medicine, and health care. Through efforts such as Comprehensive Cancer Control, we will provide the means to prevent, control, and eliminate cancer.” John Niederhuber, MD Deputy Director National Cancer Institute COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: National Voices of Support
  • 31. “Public policy and advocacy are as important to controlling cancer as are scientific advances. Research, advocacy, education, and service delivery are all needed to get us to our ultimate goal of a cancer-free world. This is Comprehensive Cancer Control. We’re reaching across disciplines, uniting to conquer cancer.” John Seffrin, PhD Chief Executive Officer American Cancer Society COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: National Voices of Support
  • 32. “To enhance the quality of life of people affected by cancer, a collaborative, comprehensive approach to addressing the cancer continuum is imperative. Together, we can positively impact the physical, emotional, and practical challenges of cancer survivorship.” Mitch Stoller President and Chief Executive Officer Lance Armstrong Foundation COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Advocates’ Voices of Support
  • 33. [States/tribes/territories can add a local quote here to customize the slide.] [ Name ] [ Title ] [ Organization ] COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Local Voices of Support
  • 34. • Support a CCC coalition. • Contribute and garner resources. • Talk to decision-makers. For more information, visit www.cdc.gov/cancer/ncccp. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: How You Can Get Involved
  • 35. • CDC’s National Program (NCCCP) www.cdc.gov/cancer/ncccp. • Cancer Control PLANET http://cancercontrolplanet.cancer.gov. • CCC Program Information www.cancerplan.org. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Resources
  • 37. • You may use this slide to create additional slides to customize this presentation. COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CONTROL: Title

Editor's Notes

  1. Not very long ago, cancer was a death sentence. The 1971 National Cancer Act, which invested in cancer research, was a big step forward in the commitment to address cancer as an issue. Research initiatives were developed for specific cancer organ sites—cervical cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, lymphomas, childhood cancers, etc. These initiatives resulted in a better understanding of how cancer works, tests for detecting cancer earlier, and improved treatments. This “site-specific” approach to cancer has served us well. Although this “site-specific” approach is necessary for success, it is not sufficient to address the nation’s cancer burden; not when many Americans with cancer: Are diagnosed with cancers that could have been prevented. Are diagnosed with late-stage disease. Do not have access to or receive recommended treatment. Do not experience optimal quality of life. For these reasons…[read slide]. The result was Comprehensive Cancer Control.
  2. A united front is more powerful. Comprehensive Cancer Control offers the power of collaboration to what otherwise might be a lonely fight. The result is a powerful network of groups speaking with one voice about reducing cancer risk, detecting cancers earlier, improving access to quality cancer treatment, and improving quality of life for cancer survivors. Working together is more efficient. By putting Comprehensive Cancer Control plans into action, coalitions prevent overlap and direct resources to where they matter most in every state, and in many tribes and U.S. territories. Collective action creates new allies. People from all corners of the cancer community are gaining new allies by participating in Comprehensive Cancer Control. This allows them to pool resources, share expertise, and gain new insights into better ways to get the job done. Coalitions can tackle cross-cutting issues. A united front against cancer can tackle major issues—like better access to quality care, survivorship, health disparities, and quality of life—that are too broad and cross-cutting for any one organization to confront alone.
  3. The national organizations on this and the following slide have formed a partnership to support the advancement of CCC. “Coming together is a beginning, staying together is progress, and working together is success.” –Henry Ford
  4. Specific activities of the National Partners include: Comprehensive Cancer Control Leadership Institutes—a series of 2-day seminars designed to assist cancer-control leaders in moving a specific action item forward, such as completing a cancer plan or implementing specific strategies in a cancer plan. Planning Assistance Team Visits—targeted assistance for specific states/tribes/territories that are experiencing unique challenges in their comprehensive cancer control efforts. Leadership Support Teams—regional teams that offer coordinated technical assistance to comprehensive cancer control programs and coalitions. These teams consist of staff and volunteers representing CDC, NCI, ACS, and ICC. Cancer Control PLANET—a Web portal that provides tools for comprehensive cancer control planners and public health professionals, including state cancer profiles, research-tested intervention programs, and links to all comprehensive cancer control plans. Cancerplan.org—a Web site designed to provide cancer control planners with practical information and resources, including the ability to connect with one another.
  5. CDC’s activities include: Providing seed money to get the programs’ activities started. Supporting the programs with ongoing technical assistance (in person and remotely). Developing CCC guidance documents for planning and putting plans into action.
  6. In short, CDC helps states, tribes, and territories develop cancer plans and put those plans into action.
  7. CCC Programs work on the ground to make Comprehensive Cancer Control happen, day to day. Success depends on grassroots collaboration—on developing relationships with people who have a stake in relieving the cancer burden, and motivating these people to take coordinated action.
  8. All 50 states, the District of Columbia, 6 territories, and 6 tribes/tribal organizations receive support from CDC for CCC programs (63 programs total). 44 states, tribes, and territories have completed cancer plans and are putting their plans into action. Coalitions are the backbone of Comprehensive Cancer Control. Leaders from inside and outside the cancer community are forming coalitions in every state, and in many tribes and U.S. territories. These coalitions reach across traditional divides to make Comprehensive Cancer Control a reality in communities across the nation.
  9. The collaboration just described contributes to reducing cancer risk, detecting cancers earlier, improving access to and the quality of treatments, and enhancing quality of life for cancer survivors. These results help us reach our ultimate goal of reducing the burden of cancer. As Marie Curie, the scientist who discovered radium, said, “One never notices what has been done; one can only see what remains to be done.”
  10. The following statistics highlight the need for reducing behaviors that can lead to cancer: An estimated 22.5% of adults in the United States (46 million people) smoke cigarettes. CDC. National Center for Health Statistics; Health, United States, 2003 With Chartbook on Trends in the Health of Americans. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, 2003:141. Accessed: May 2004. 22.9% of high school students and 10.1% of middle school students in the United States smoke cigarettes. CDC. Tobacco use among middle and high school students—United States, 2002. MMWR. 2003;52:1096-1098. Each day, nearly 4,400 young people between the ages of 12 and 17 years initiate cigarette smoking in the United States. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration. 2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Trends in Initiation of Substance Abuse. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2003. Available at:  www.oas.samhsa.gov/nhsda.htm#2k1NHSDA. Date of Access: August 26, 2003. 30% of adults in the United States are obese, and the percentage of young people in this country who are overweight has more than doubled during the past 20 years, to 16%. CDC. Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity Web site: www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/aag/aag_dnpa.htm (based on CDC, 2003 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data). More than 50% of U.S. adults do not get enough physical activity to provide health benefits, and more than one-third of young people in grades 9-12 do not regularly engage in vigorous physical activity. CDC. Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity Web site: www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/aag/aag_dnpa.htm (based on CDC, 2003 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data). In 2003, only about one-fourth of U.S. adults ate the recommended five or more servings of fruits and vegetables each day. CDC. Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity Web site: www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/aag/aag_dnpa.htm (based on CDC, 2003 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data). Nearly 15% of adults in the United States report having consumed 5 or more drinks on one occasion during the previous month. CDC. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2004. Accessed: November 2005. As much as one-third of the more than 570,000 cancer deaths estimated for 2005 will be related to nutrition, physical inactivity, and overweight or obesity. ACS. Cancer Facts and Figures, 2005. When used consistently, sun-protection practices can prevent skin cancer. CDC. www.cdc.gov/cancer/nscpep/awareness.htm. Accessed: November 2005. [States/tribes/territories can add local data here to customize the slide.]
  11. There is overwhelming evidence that lifestyle factors affect cancer risk.(IOM National Research Council, Cancer Prevention and Early Detection, 2003). For example: Tobacco use causes cancers of the lung, oropharynx, larynx, esophagus, bladder, kidney, and pancreas. Evidence has linked consumption of fruits and vegetables with a lower risk of cancer. Obesity increases the risk of breast, endometrial, colorectal, kidney, and esophageal cancers. Regular physical activity lowers the risk of colon cancer, breast cancer, and possibly endometrial cancers. Regular alcohol intake increases the risk of cancers of the oropharynx, larynx, esophagus, breast, liver, colon, and rectum. Exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays might be the most important environmental factor in the development of skin cancer. CDC. www.cdc.gov/cancer/nscpep/awareness.htm. Accessed: November 2005. [States/tribes/territories can add local data here to customize the slide.]
  12. The project: Skin Cancer Prevention Program (SCPP) is a statewide initiative that cooperates with the National Council on Skin Cancer Prevention to decrease future new cases of skin cancer among Californians. SCPP promotes the integration of sun-protection education materials, policies, and environmental supports (shade trees and structures), especially with outdoor recreation or occupational venues. SCPP provides conference presentations and conducts media campaigns to encourage the population to practice sun-safety behaviors. SCPP works primarily with two groups to promote sun-safety practices and policies: Children under 14 years of age, their parents, and other care givers. Outdoor occupational venues. Child care centers, elementary through high schools, park and recreation facilities, and outdoor-based work sites are the principal focus of this program's efforts. Project achievements: Distributed sun-safety packages to more than 500 child care centers and preschools, educating more than 20,000 young children. Distributed more than 400 “Sun Safety Kit for Outdoor-Based Businesses” to outdoor occupational venues. Worked with several Hollywood filmmakers to create two skin cancer prevention videos for elementary school students. More information: www.dhs.ca.gov/ps/cdic/cpns/skin/default.htm. [States/tribes/territories can add a local program example here to customize the slide.]
  13. The following statistics highlight the need for improving the use of screening tests to detect cancer earlier: Among U.S. women aged 40 years and older, 61% of those with no usual source of health care, 67% of those with no health insurance, and 61% of those who immigrated to the United States within the past 10 years reported not having a mammogram within the previous 2 years. CDC. 2000 National Health Interview Survey. Among U.S. women aged 25 years and older, 58.3% of those without a usual source of health care, 62.4% of those with no health insurance, and 61% of those who immigrated to the United States within the past 10 years reported not having a Pap test within the previous 3 years. CDC. 2000 National Health Interview Survey. Only 41% of men and 37.5% of women aged 50 years and older reported having been screened for colorectal cancer within the previous 5 years. CDC. 2000 National Health Interview Survey. Cancers that can be prevented or detected earlier by screening account for about one-half of all cancer cases in the United States. ACS. Cancer Facts and Figures, 2005. [States/tribes/territories can add local data here to customize the slide.]
  14. Many cancer deaths could be avoided if more people were screened for breast, colorectal, and cervical cancers. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Recommendations and Rationale for screening for breast cancer (February 2002), colorectal cancer (July 2002), and cervical cancer (January 2003). As of 2005, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends: Screening mammography, with or without clinical breast examination, every 1–2 years for women aged 40 years and older. Screening for cervical cancer with cervical cytology (Pap smears) in women who have been sexually active and have a cervix. Screening for colorectal cancer in men and women aged 50 years and older. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Recommendations and Rationale for cancer screening, available at www.ahrq.gov/clinic/cps3dix.htm#cancer. Accessed: November 2005. Encouraging statistics: Among U.S. women aged 40 years and older, 70.1% reported having a mammogram within the previous 2 years. CDC. 2000 National Health Interview Survey. Among U.S. women aged 25 years and older, 82.4% reported having a Pap test within the previous 3 years. CDC. 2000 National Health Interview Survey. [States/tribes/territories can add local data here to customize the slide.]
  15. The project: The Northwest Ohio Colorectal Cancer Task Force (a rural coalition formed to help implement the colorectal cancer-related goals of the state’s CCC Plan) works with local hospitals and physicians to increase colorectal cancer screening in a six-county area surrounding the city of Lima. The Task Force provides screening colonoscopies free of charge to residents who are uninsured. It also offers diagnostic and treatment services, if necessary. Generally, the Task Force strives to screen each patient within 2 weeks of referral (a wait far shorter than that in many parts of the United States).  One of the local hospitals offers its facility for the provision of free screening services, and additional screening services are available in several locations around Lima. In addition to setting up and publicizing these services, the Task Force has: Educated local physicians and the public about colorectal cancer screening guidelines. Aired public service announcements and news spots on a local television station. Placed colorectal cancer screening advertisements in a regional newspaper. Worked with local religious groups to raise awareness about colorectal cancer prevention. Project achievements: As of March 2006, the clinics had performed approximately 1,106 screening colonoscopies. Low-income and uninsured adults received these procedures at a significantly reduced rate, and no one was turned away for an inability to pay. As a result of the colonoscopies: Doctors discovered eight colorectal cancers (patients were referred to Task Force hospitals for follow-up treatment). 20 cases of high-grade dysplasia were found and removed. Pre-cancerous polyps were removed from 518 of the 1,106 people screened. More information: www.odh.ohio.gov/odhPrograms/pmlt/cancer/cancerprog.aspx. [States/tribes/territories can add a local program example here to customize the slide.]
  16. Number of people receiving recommended cancer treatments: (Treatments recommended by a 1994 National Institutes of Health Consensus Conference and subsequent clinical trials.) The likelihood that a person will receive the recommended therapy for cancer decreases with age. This may be due in part to the fact that many Medicare beneficiaries who have cancer do not consult with specialists (medical oncologists). CDC, NCI, and ACS. 2005 Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975–2002, Featuring Population-Based Trends in Cancer Treatment. In 2000, researchers found that women with node-positive breast cancer were less likely to receive the recommended treatment if they were aged more than 65 years. CDC, NCI, and ACS. 2005 Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975–2002, Featuring Population-Based Trends in Cancer Treatment. In 2003, researchers found that women with stage III or IV ovarian cancer were less likely to receive guideline-based treatment if they lacked private insurance or were aged more than 65 years. This may be because only 30% of female Medicare beneficiaries have their ovarian cancer resection performed by a gynecologic oncologist. CDC, NCI, and ACS. 2005 Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975–2002, Featuring Population-Based Trends in Cancer Treatment. Factors such as race, socioeconomic status, geographical location, and place of treatment have been associated with receipt of the recommended treatments for lung cancer. For example, in 2004, researchers found that white patients with high socioeconomic status were substantially more likely to receive surgery for stage I and II non- small cell lung cancer than were black patients. CDC, NCI, and ACS. 2005 Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975–2002, Featuring Population-Based Trends in Cancer Treatment. [States/tribes/territories can add local data here to customize the slide.]
  17. Barriers to access to recommended treatment: Surveillance data on patterns of cancer care have highlighted gaps in dissemination of treatments and possible disparities in receipt of cancer care by age, race and type of health plan. CDC, NCI, and ACS. Annual Report to the Nation, 2005. In 2002, approximately 37.7% of office-based physicians did not accept new charity cases, 23.5% did not accept new Medicaid cases, and 13.8% did not accept new Medicare cases. CDC. National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2002. In 2004, approximately 14.8% of people in the United States did not have health care coverage. CDC. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. More than 50% of cancer patients were covered by Medicaid and Medicare from 1994–1996. National Cancer Policy Board, Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. Ensuring Quality Cancer Care, 1999. [States/tribes/territories can add local data here to customize the slide.]
  18. The project: Dealing with cancer is difficult enough. Having it threaten your life savings and livelihood can cause an even greater personal crisis. For these reasons, Delaware created this program to provide 1 year of free comprehensive care to any resident diagnosed with cancer after July 1, 2004, who has no health insurance, and whose annual income is less than 6.5 times the federal poverty level. Project achievements: Paid for cancer treatment for 182 patients, between July 2004 and February 2006. Established an annual allocation for cancer care coordinators. Developed and began staffing cancer care coordinator programs at the state’s six major health systems. Expanded education to health care providers working in the area of end-of-life care. Established a system for billing and payment for cancer treatment. More information: www.dhss.delaware.gov/dhss/dph/dpc/cancer.html [States/tribes/territories can add a local program example here to customize the slide.]
  19. As of January 2002, there were approximately 10.1 million cancer survivors in the United States. NCI. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2002. The number of cancer survivors in the United States increased steadily during the past three decades: CDC/NCI. MMWR. 2004;53:526-529. Increased from 3.0 million (1.5% of the U.S. population) in 1971 to 9.8 million (3.5%) in 2001. CDC. Cancer Survivorship—United States 1971–2001. MMWR. 2004;53:526-529. In the absence of other competing causes of death, an estimated 64% of adults whose cancer was diagnosed during 1995–2000 could expect to be alive 5 years after diagnosis, compared with 50% for those whose cancer was diagnosed during 1974–1976. CDC. Cancer Survivorship—United States 1971–2001. MMWR. 2004;53:526-529. Among children (aged < 14 years), 79% of cancer survivors during 1991-2000 were expected to be alive at 5 years and approximately 75% at 10 years, compared with 56% expected to live > 5 years after diagnosis during 1974–1976. CDC. Cancer Survivorship—United States 1971–2001. MMWR. 2004;53:526-529. [States/tribes/territories can add local data here to customize the slide.]
  20. Survivors may face long-term physical, psychosocial, and practical effects of diagnosis and treatment. Comprehensive Cancer Control coalitions—whose members reach across the continuum of cancer care—are in a unique position to study and put into practice interventions that address such cross-cutting issues as exercise, pain management, and coping. [States/tribes/territories can add local data here to customize the slide.]
  21. The project: With grant funding from the Florida Department of Health, the Pinellas County Health Department has implemented the Growing Older Well (GrOW) Project to reduce health disparities among county residents aged 45 years and older. The project helps provide access to lung, prostate, and colorectal cancer education, and colorectal cancer screening. To make these services available to minority men and women, the GrOW Project reaches out to them where they live, work, worship, and relax. Project achievements: During April 2005, the GrOW Project and its partners: Provided health education and screening at 14 community sites. Conducted a door-to-door educational campaign among the Hmong population. 1,745 people participated in the classes and events. More information: http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/CancerContacts/ncccp/contact.asp?contactId=299. [States/tribes/territories can add a local program example here to customize the slide.]
  22. For more information about supporting a CCC coalition in your area, contributing to CCC efforts, or talking to decision-makers about the benefits of CCC, visit CDC’s National Program Web site at www.cdc.gov/cancer/ncccp.