The document describes a proposed tobacco health education program that aims to educate the public about the dangers of tobacco use. The 15-day program targets youth and middle-aged individuals, who have high rates of tobacco use. It will use various promotional strategies, including social media, printed brochures, and billboards, to educate at least 3,000 people. The program is based on the 4Ps of social marketing: substituting tobacco with tea (product), increasing tobacco prices by $2 (price), closing designated smoking areas (place), and banning tobacco advertisements (promotion). The goal is to discourage tobacco use and reduce related health issues like cancer. Stakeholders will manage program evaluation to determine if objectives are achieved.

1. Running Head: Colorectal Cancer Prevention Program-
Evaluation Design
9
Colorectal Cancer Prevention Program Evaluation Design
Kaplan University-PU630-Unit 7
September 20, 2016
Deserie Thomas
Dr. Amy Thompson
COLORECTAL CANCER PREVENTION PROGRAM
EVALUATION DESIGN
Engaged Stakeholders What Stakeholders Want to
Know

2. Public Health Department
Document the resources that have been leveraged to support
colorectal cancer prevention program efforts.
Local Legislators
Identify the number of people receiving services and the extent
to which interventions are yielding intended awareness,
behavioral and/or health outcomes for participants.
Intervention participants
Determine the extent to which interventions are yielding
intended awareness, behavioral and/or health outcomes for
participants.
Community Clinic
Review the quality, contributions, and impact of the Colorectal
Cancer Coalition.
Review the quality and implementation progress of the
statewide Colorectal Cancer Coalition plan.
Determine to what extent interventions outlined in the
Colorectal Cancer Coalition action plan are being executed and
yielding intended results.
Local American Cancer Society Partner
Determine whether American Cancer Society products are being
incorporated effectively into the efforts of the colorectal cancer
prevention program.

3. Engaging Stakeholders
Health Department
Members of the evaluation advisory committee
Presenters/advocates who share findings with state and
community partners
All phases of the evaluation process via regular evaluation
advisory committee meetings
Legislators
External reviewers of evaluation plans and methods
Evaluation planning phase
Intervention Participants
Members of the evaluation advisory committee
Data sources (i.e., participants in evaluation interviews and
surveys)
Two representatives to participate in all phases of the
evaluation process via regular evaluation advisory committee
Community Clinic
External reviewers of evaluation plans and methods
Evaluation implementation phase
Evaluation planning phase
Local American Cancer Society Partner

4. Data analysts Presenters/advocates who share findings with
state and community partners
Evaluation implementation phase Dissemination phase
Evaluation Stakeholder Group Composition
The composition of the evaluation stakeholders will fund and
authorized the continuation or expansion of the Colorectal
Cancer Prevention Program. The stakeholders are responsible
for day to day implementation of the activities that are part of
the program, and has a strong influence on the development of
thoughtful evaluation questions that will generate evaluation
findings that are useful, relevant, and credible (assuming the
evaluation applies the appropriate design and data collection
and analysis methods). Ideally, the evaluation stakeholders
group consist of individuals who have expertise in evaluation of
Colorectal Cancer Prevention Programs; and who will advocate
for or authorize changes to the Colorectal Cancer Prevention
Program.
Describe the Program
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the third
leading cause of death among men and women
in the United States (American Cancer Society). Colorectal

5. cancer affects men and women in similar proportions. Of the
total number of new cancer cases, colorectal cancer represents
9% (72,090 new cases) of the all cancer diagnosed in men and
10% (70,040 new cases) in women and similarly 9% (26,580
deaths in males and 24,790 deaths in females) of the estimated
cancer deaths in both men and women (Jemal, Siegel, Xu, Ward,
2010).
In 2010, it was estimated that 142,570 people would be
diagnosed and 51,370 people would die from colorectal
cancer (Jemal et al, 2010). Colorectal cancer screening is
effective in reducing incidence and mortality rates. Early
detection leads to an increase in survival rates and a decrease in
healthcare cost. For these reasons, insurance and health care
providers should encourage colorectal cancer screening. In an
effort to improve health outcomes related to colorectal cancer,
the Colorectal Cancer Coalition and Partners has set a goal to
increase screening rates to 90% by 2017. Finally, we will
measure the costs associated with the program. This will
include cost per individual reached, cost per minute and cost to
influence an intended colorectal screening.
The Community Colorectal Cancer Prevention Programs is for
low-income, underinsured, or uninsured men and women
between the ages of 50 and 64 years. The program’s goal is to
assess the feasibility of establishing a local and state funded,
comprehensive colorectal cancer screening program for an
underserved population, and to describe key outcomes that
could guide future organized colorectal cancer screening.
Program resources are the Colorectal Cancer Coalition, Health
Department staff, local legislators, the local community clinic
and the American Cancer Society Organization. The Colorectal
Cancer Prevention Program will received funding from local
and state appropriations, federal agencies and donations.
Key Activities and the Intended Outcomes of the Program
The Colorectal Cancer Prevention Program include training
providers and implementing a community-wide social marketing
campaign. Tangible products from these activities would

6. include the number of training participants and community
members reached by a campaign. Intended outcomes for these
activities would include increases in awareness or changes in
behavior related to preventing colorectal cancer and encourage
behavioral change that can minimize those risks.
PROGRAM ACTIVITY
Goals and objectives
· Improve health system protocols in order to emphasize routine
colorectal cancer screening as a standard care for everyone.
· Educate and train patients about easier and cheap ways to be
screened for Colorectal Cancer.
· Promote screening guidelines and quality assurance standards
for screening colorectal cancer.
· Reducing barriers of accessing colorectal cancer screening
locations.
· Establishing standing orders in all primary care practices in
order to increase availability of the most sensitivity (FIT) fecal
immunochemical test.
EVALUATION MEASURES
Who is the information for?
The information will be used by the stakeholders, medical
professional groups and local community clinics, about
colorectal cancer and how to minimize risk related with such
type of cancer.
Primary purpose of the evaluation
· Determine overall efficiency and effectiveness in meeting
program goals and objectives.
· Determine the level of quality being implemented
· Recognize the strengths and weaknesses in program
effectiveness and implementation through tools such as surveys,
interviews or research analyses among others.
Questions that stakeholders want to be answered

7. · What are the warning signs of the cancer?
· Which symptoms that can lead to early medical attention?
· What are life style cancer risk reduction methods?
Changes that occurred
There were significant reported changes in the diet of the
returners as compared to non-returners in terms of high fiber
intake and reduced fat consumption.
DESIGN DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Method used to collect evaluation
The data will be analyzed to examine changes in knowledge and
intention about colorectal cancer and
colorectal cancer screening, Evaluation was conducted with
focus groups, interviews and surveys following screening and
educational component of the program.
How data was obtained?
Semi-structured, focus groups, open-ended individual
interviews was used. We interviewed 55 stakeholders, 20
primary care givers, 4 program managers and health plan
leaders and 100 surveys were conducted.
Were both qualitative and quantitative method used?
Only qualitative method that was used, it helped to gain
understanding of underlying opinions, reasons and motivation of
different groups.
DEVELOP ACTION PLAN
Who will manage the evaluation?
Stakeholders, program administrators and managers will manage
the evaluation and determine if the program is achieving desired
results.
What are specific target?
The Colorectal Cancer Preventive Program is for low-
socioeconomic status, underinsured, or uninsured men and
women between the ages of 50 and 64 years. The major goal of
the program is to reduce cancer mortality rate.
Stage of Development
The Colorectal Cancer Prevention Program is in the stage of
planning. Program has not completed any major activities.

8. Program is expected to launched, by July, 2017.
Program’s Logic Model
REPORT THE RESULTS
How the result will be analyzed and shared
The results will be based on 2017 HEDIS measures which are.
CPT codes for unscreened clients would again be analyzed at 6
and 12 months after the reminder card mailing to determine if
screening rates have improved among the target population. The
results will be shared with the stakeholders of the Colorectal
Cancer Preventive Program.
References
CDC’s Colorectal Cancer Control Program: Logic Model,
retrieved from: http://adph.org/colon/assets/logic_model.pdf.
Jemal Ahmedin, Siegel Rebecca, Xu Jiaquan and Ward
Elizabeth, Cancer Statistics, 2010, A
Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 60, Number 5,
September/October 2010.
Minelli, M. J., & Breckon, D. J. (2009). Community health
education: Settings, roles, and skills. Sudbury, MA: Jones and
Bartlett Publishers
National Colorectal Roundtable, Our Mission, retrieved from:
http://nccrt.org/about/.
staff
coalitions
Internal Partners
External Partners

9. Grantors
Consumers
Assess and Enhance Infrastructure
Mobilized Support (Resources)
Build and Maintain Partnerships
Assess Burden
Collect and Utilize Data and Research
Develop and Implement Colorectal Cancer Prevention Program
Enhanced Program Capacity
Partners and Resources Mobilized
Diverse Network of Engaged Paertners
Intergrated and Coordinated Colorectal Cancer Prevention
Program
Resources and Efforts Focused on Priotries
Evidenced based Interventions Developmend and Implemented
Evaluation Findings are Used to Enchance Program Objectives
Enabling Factors
Increased Awarness among program and partners of available
resources
Improved Coordination and communication with key partners
Maintained existing and created new partnerships support and
funding for the Colorectal Cancer Prevention Program Provide
suppot to networks to mobilize efforts Reinforcing Factors-
Disseminated optimal approaches for cancer control
Population Based Changes
Decreased risky behavior
Increase Preventive behaviors

10. Program Level Change- Substained implementation of
Colorectal Cancer Prevention Prrogram
Adoption of evidience based tools and interventions
Increased alignment of the program with other national program
goals and objectives
Deceased disparaties in screening
Preventiion of new cancers
Diagnosis at earlier stages
Provision of state of the art treatment
Deceased disparities in Colorectoral Cancer
incidence and mortality
Inputs
Activities
Outputs
Short-Term Outcomes

11. Intermediate Outcomes
Long-Term Outcomes
Utimate Impact
Running Head: Tobacco Health Education Program
5

12. Tobacco Health Education Program
Deserie Thomas
August 29, 2016
Kaplan University-Assignment 3-PU630
Tobacco Health Education Program
Many people in the United States have found themselves
in complicated health situations. Some have been informed of
the best ways to maintain their health while others do not have
any idea on what to do so as to stay healthy. The following
health program will help in ensuring that the population is well
informed of the possible consequences of using tobacco. The
program will take fifteen days and it is expected to reach at
least three thousand people. The program targets tobacco users
and the people who are at risk of being exposed to tobacco
effects.
Tobacco Use
Tobacco has been silently killing youths and nothing has
been said about it. People have concentrated so much on other
diseases and diverted their attention from the diseases caused by
tobacco. Cancer is one of the most killing diseases in the world.
So much have been said about cancer but people have failed to
put the blame where it belongs (Warner, 2013). It is evident that
smoking of tobacco causes “lung cancer, but few people realize
it is also linked to a higher risk for many other kinds of cancer
too, including cancer of the mouth, nose, sinuses, lip, voice box
(larynx), throat (pharynx), esophagus, bladder, liver, kidney,

13. pancreas, ovary, cervix, stomach, colon, rectum, and acute
myeloid leukemia”(American Cancer Society, 2014) . However,
there have been campaigns of creating cancer awareness while
no effort has been directed to ensuring that tobacco
manufacturers are dealt with in accordance with the law.
Research shows that youths and middle-aged people are reached
by tobacco advertisements every day. “Center for Disease
Control (CDC), states, “Each day in the United States, more
than 3,200 youth aged 18 years or younger smoke their first
cigarette, and an additional 2,100 youth and young adults
become daily cigarette smokers” (CDC, 2016).
The number of people who are turned into tobacco users is
shocking and if nothing will be done America will lose most of
its youths in the near future
Target Population
The program targets youths and middle-aged persons. The
reason why they are targeted is because they comprise of the
biggest number of tobacco users. Illnesses caused by tobacco
are not selective and can affect any tobacco user. Report from
doctors confirms that use of tobacco slows down the thinking
rate of a person who uses it. According to the research that was
carried out in most of the universities and colleges in the United
States, it was realized that most of the students who use tobacco
have become academic dwarfs. Middle-aged persons have been
neglecting their responsibilities because they have been
spending most of their money on tobacco. Some have even lost
their jobs for smoking at the workplace. Tobacco has affected
the social life of most of the users. There are cigarette smokers
who do not brush their teeth after smoking. Tolerating the smell
that comes out of their mouths is hard and therefore no one
wants to stay anywhere close to them.
4Ps of social marketing
a) Product
Cigarette smoking is common among many youths; it would be
difficult to convince a cigarette addict to stop smoking.

14. However, there is always a way out of any situation. For a
person who is willing to quit smoking it would not take a long
time to convince him or her to quit smoking. Cigarettes are
addictive because they contain caffeine. Tea on the other side
contains caffeine. Tea would be the best substitute product
since it has no effects like tobacco (Pinger, 2014).
b) Price
One of the reasons for conducting this campaign is to
discourage people from using tobacco because of its health
issues. The tobacco educational program will campaign for a $2
price increase of all tobacco substances. The increase in price
will discourage a lot of people from buying tobacco and that
will reduce users and the effects of tobacco.
c) Place
There are designated places in most of the cities where smokers
are allowed to freely smoke. Such places should be closed down
to discourage smokers.
d) Promotion
The program suggests that most of the advertisements aired on
national televisions about cigarettes to be banned. The move
will reduce the number of new smokers.
Promotional strategies for the campaign
The evolution of technology has created many marketing
platforms. The main objective is to reach as many people as
possible. The tobacco health educational campaign will use
social media as it first marketing technique to reach as many
people as possible. However, there will be printed educational
brochures and bill boards that will help in creating awareness
on the effects of using tobacco.

15. References
American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2014.
Atlanta, Ga. 2014.
CDC - Fact Sheet - Youth and Tobacco Use - Smoking &
Tobacco Use
Retrieved from: www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data, August 27, 2016.
Pinger, R. (2014). An Introduction to Community and Public
Health. Burlington: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Warner, K. (2013). Community and Public Health Nursing.
California: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.