2. Content
Introduction
What is CBM
History of CBM
Formation of CBM
Extraction of CBM
Technique to enhance CBM
Advantage and disadvantage
Usage of CBM
Future of CBM
Conclusion
Reference
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3. History Of Coal Bed Methane
In history of mining, it was considered as one of the dangerous gas.
It was intentionally vented to prevent accidental explosions .
They used Canary in a coal mine for detection of methane gas in mines.
Now the miners are using Hand held detectors, Flame Safety Lamp, Gas Monitors.
The first attempts to isolate and pipe gas from a coal mine were occurred in Great Britain
as early as 1733.
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Introduction
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4. Introduction About Coal Bed Methane
Clean burning fuel
Increase substantially the natural gas reserve
base
Improve safety of coal mining
Decrease methane vented to the atmosphere
from coal mine
A form of natural gas extracted from coal bed
Stored within the coal by adsorption process
Also called as “Sweet Gas”
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5. 5
Formation of CBM
Biogenic methane is produced by
anaerobic bacteria in the early stage of
coalification.
Chemical action occurs over time as heat
and pressure applied to coal.
Bacteria obtain nutrition from coal , and
produce methane.
6. Extraction of coal bed methane
CBM is produced by removing water pressure
which holds CBM in place.
Methane that was held in place by water -
pressure tends to follow the water as it
is pumped to the surface.
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7. 7
Indian CBM Reserves
India has substantial coal reserves and most are suitable for CBM development.
India having the fourth largest proven coal reserves in the world.
India has significant prospectsfor exploration and exploitation of CBM.
India has CBM potential of around 92 TCF.gas which can supplement the
declining conventional gas production and also cater to the growing demands of
the country.
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Enhanced CBM Recovery Techniques
Method of producing additional coal bed methane from a source rock.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) injected into a bituminous coal bed.
CO2 occupy pore space and also adsorb into the pore of the coal.
This technique may be used in conjunction with carbon capture and
storage in mitigation of global warming.
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Advantage Of CBM
Methane is a clean fuel and has distinct advantage over coal on environmental
and quality aspects.
Methane recovered from coal mines reduces green house gas emission.
Substitutes for conventional fuel.
Increases mine safety and improves productivity.
Taking out methane from coal reduces mining hazards.
CBM extraction does not affect the physical and chemical properties of coal.
12. Disadvantage
Dewatering of aquifers
Water disposal problem
Surface disturbances
Noise problem
Leakage of methane may be occure
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13. 13
Usage Of CBM
Power Generation: Lower capex & higher operational efficiency
Auto Fuel: Compressed Natural Gas(CNG)
Fertilizer: As feed stock for urea manufacture & captivepower
Steel Manufacturing: Better quality product at lower capital costs
Fuel for Industries : Economical fuel for cement plants, refractory & steel rolling
mills etc.
Other uses: Domestic and Industrial supplies
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Future Of CBM
In the future the CBM industry may take an entirely new direction,
becoming an essential player in carbon storage.
Depletion of conventional fuel lead to increase need of cbm .
India has about 92 TCF cbm reserve which can make easy
availability of low price fuel.
ECBM projects offer the opportunity of removing greenhouse
gases .
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Conclusion
It is a global resource, ready to become a major contributor
of clean energy.
It can be used in implemention of the CO2 sequestration technology.
Water depletion can adversely impact adjacent residents
Easy to produce it and no further treatment
Low cost about 30 rs per kg
