The document discusses the evolution of the concept of food security. It defines food security according to the FAO as all people having physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs. It identifies the four pillars of food security as availability, access, stability, and utilization and their key determinants. It also outlines major challenges to achieving food security and strategies to address micronutrient deficiencies through food-based approaches.
“Enhanced Homestead Food Production (E-HFP) to improve household food security and nutrition” presented by Pooja Pandey, Hellen Keller International-Nepal at the ReSAKSS-Asia Conference, Nov 14-16, 2011, in Kathmandu, Nepal.
The document provides an overview of the key challenges and opportunities for achieving food security in Asia. It discusses that (1) Asia's past poverty reduction was driven by agricultural growth supported by high-yielding varieties and infrastructure investments, (2) agriculture growth continues to be critical but attention and funding is declining, and (3) food security faces stresses from population growth, climate change, and natural disasters. It argues for filling knowledge gaps, scaling innovative solutions, and creating cooperative partnerships to address these challenges.
1) While Tanzania achieves self-sufficiency in major food crops nationally, there are persistent shortages in some areas and regular surpluses in others, showing food availability does not guarantee nutrition.
2) Undernutrition levels in Tanzania, as measured by stunting, underweight, wasting, and micronutrient deficiencies, indicate widespread nutrition insecurity despite adequate national food availability.
3) Universities can improve national food and nutrition security through prioritizing these issues in research, developing training programs, mainstreaming related topics, and conducting agricultural research across the entire food value chain to benefit smallholder farmers.
Family gardens are effective in fighting malnutrition by increasing food availability throughout the year and reducing food budgets. The document discusses how family gardens work, key success factors, and appropriate technologies to support them. These include irrigation techniques for arid areas, micro-gardens with limited land, biological soil enrichment, and biological pest control. Links and downloadable guides on planning, establishing, and managing family gardens are also provided.
The document discusses issues around food supplies and malnutrition in India. It notes that while India has become self-sufficient in food grain production, malnutrition remains a major problem, with 60 million children underweight. Factors like poor distribution systems, unemployment, and low wages contribute to malnutrition. Solutions require action at various levels, including improving production, nutrition education, and social welfare programs. The government of India has implemented various nutritional programs but more still needs to be done to fully address the problems of food insecurity and malnutrition.
KENYA’S FOOD SECURITY, CAUSES AND STAKEHOLDERS IN FOOD SECURITY Jack Onyisi Abebe
A food secure population can meet its consumption needs during the given consumption period by using strategies that do not compromise future food security
This document discusses hunger and strategies to achieve zero hunger by 2030. It defines hunger and provides statistics on the number of hungry people worldwide. The main causes of hunger are identified as poverty, natural disasters, political instability, and food shortages. The UN's Zero Hunger Challenge aims to end hunger by making food systems sustainable, ending rural poverty and malnutrition, eliminating food waste, and ensuring access to nutritious foods for all. Some strategies proposed to achieve this include creating jobs, investing in agriculture, educating women, promoting gender equality, using modern farming techniques, providing food assistance, supporting small farmers, developing drought-resistant crops, practicing sustainable agriculture, and providing agricultural subsidies. Coordinated efforts by governments, citizens,
The document discusses the evolution of the concept of food security. It defines food security according to the FAO as all people having physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs. It identifies the four pillars of food security as availability, access, stability, and utilization and their key determinants. It also outlines major challenges to achieving food security and strategies to address micronutrient deficiencies through food-based approaches.
“Enhanced Homestead Food Production (E-HFP) to improve household food security and nutrition” presented by Pooja Pandey, Hellen Keller International-Nepal at the ReSAKSS-Asia Conference, Nov 14-16, 2011, in Kathmandu, Nepal.
The document provides an overview of the key challenges and opportunities for achieving food security in Asia. It discusses that (1) Asia's past poverty reduction was driven by agricultural growth supported by high-yielding varieties and infrastructure investments, (2) agriculture growth continues to be critical but attention and funding is declining, and (3) food security faces stresses from population growth, climate change, and natural disasters. It argues for filling knowledge gaps, scaling innovative solutions, and creating cooperative partnerships to address these challenges.
1) While Tanzania achieves self-sufficiency in major food crops nationally, there are persistent shortages in some areas and regular surpluses in others, showing food availability does not guarantee nutrition.
2) Undernutrition levels in Tanzania, as measured by stunting, underweight, wasting, and micronutrient deficiencies, indicate widespread nutrition insecurity despite adequate national food availability.
3) Universities can improve national food and nutrition security through prioritizing these issues in research, developing training programs, mainstreaming related topics, and conducting agricultural research across the entire food value chain to benefit smallholder farmers.
Family gardens are effective in fighting malnutrition by increasing food availability throughout the year and reducing food budgets. The document discusses how family gardens work, key success factors, and appropriate technologies to support them. These include irrigation techniques for arid areas, micro-gardens with limited land, biological soil enrichment, and biological pest control. Links and downloadable guides on planning, establishing, and managing family gardens are also provided.
The document discusses issues around food supplies and malnutrition in India. It notes that while India has become self-sufficient in food grain production, malnutrition remains a major problem, with 60 million children underweight. Factors like poor distribution systems, unemployment, and low wages contribute to malnutrition. Solutions require action at various levels, including improving production, nutrition education, and social welfare programs. The government of India has implemented various nutritional programs but more still needs to be done to fully address the problems of food insecurity and malnutrition.
KENYA’S FOOD SECURITY, CAUSES AND STAKEHOLDERS IN FOOD SECURITY Jack Onyisi Abebe
A food secure population can meet its consumption needs during the given consumption period by using strategies that do not compromise future food security
This document discusses hunger and strategies to achieve zero hunger by 2030. It defines hunger and provides statistics on the number of hungry people worldwide. The main causes of hunger are identified as poverty, natural disasters, political instability, and food shortages. The UN's Zero Hunger Challenge aims to end hunger by making food systems sustainable, ending rural poverty and malnutrition, eliminating food waste, and ensuring access to nutritious foods for all. Some strategies proposed to achieve this include creating jobs, investing in agriculture, educating women, promoting gender equality, using modern farming techniques, providing food assistance, supporting small farmers, developing drought-resistant crops, practicing sustainable agriculture, and providing agricultural subsidies. Coordinated efforts by governments, citizens,
Malnutrition is a major problem in India, with over 1/3 of the world's malnourished children living in India. The document outlines the scope and causes of malnutrition in India. Major causes include poverty, food prices, dietary practices, lack of breastfeeding, and gender inequality. It then proposes multi-sector solutions that address the issue across the entire lifecycle through both direct interventions like supplements and feeding practices, and indirect interventions like access to water/sanitation, education, and socio-cultural factors. The solutions framework is based on principles of addressing the nutrient deficit, breaking intergenerational cycles, and coordinated multi-sector actions. Mega coordination across ministries and sectors is needed to effectively implement the solutions
Obesity and malnutrition an international perspective of the paradoxGianluca Tognon
Obesity and malnutrition can occur together due to economic and social factors. In low-income communities, obesogenic foods that are high in calories but low in nutrients are often most affordable and available. This can lead to weight gain while still being malnourished. Additionally, periods of food insecurity may cause people to overeat when food is available to store calories against future uncertainty. Overall, complex social and economic drivers can result in both obesity and malnutrition within the same family or community.
Food is essential for survival but many around the world do not have reliable access to enough nutritious food. Hunger exists in degrees from acute to chronic to hidden and is caused by factors like drought, poverty, and unequal access to resources. Around 925 million people do not have enough to eat, with 65% living in just seven highly populated countries. Tree planting is proposed as a solution to prevent further loss of arable land and help increase future food production, though it will take time. Achieving global food security and nutrition will require sustainable and equitable food systems.
This document summarizes information about global food supply and issues. It discusses how population growth and income affect food demand. Poorer countries typically see higher population increases but lower supply increases. Food distribution, not production, is often the main problem due to infrastructure and policy issues. The document also outlines some key Indian government food supply programs like mid-day meals to address malnutrition. Overall solutions proposed include reducing population growth, boosting agricultural productivity, and spurring economic growth for the poorest.
This document summarizes 12 sources that examine the relationship between agricultural commercialization, food security, and nutrition in the uplands of Laos. It identifies 24 key findings from the literature around how commercialization is transforming livelihoods and impacting different groups. The findings note that commercialization benefits some households but harms the most vulnerable with little land; access to land and forest foods is declining; and food security increasingly depends on wage labor, global markets, and ability to cope with risks like debt.
Mainstreaming gender and nutrition into agricultural extension servicesFaith Okiror
This document discusses mainstreaming gender and nutrition into agricultural extension services in Uganda. It begins with an introduction to Uganda's agricultural sector and policies related to agriculture, food, and nutrition security. It then covers linkages between agriculture and nutrition, challenges to gender and nutrition in agricultural extension, and the role of extension workers in addressing these issues. Practical approaches discussed include promoting enterprise mixes for regular income, producing diverse nutrient-rich foods, protecting the environment, considering gender and family needs, and promoting water, sanitation and hygiene practices. The document provides examples and recommendations for extension workers to integrate these approaches into their work.
This document discusses food security and nutrition challenges in Ethiopia. It outlines that food insecurity and malnutrition violate human rights. Agriculture plays a key role in food security but faces challenges from population growth, climate change, and increasing costs. Current food systems contribute to health and environmental issues. Ensuring access to nutritious food for all people requires addressing availability, access, utilization and stability. Future work should promote research on nutrition, food quality and safety, while fighting hunger through community initiatives.
Linking Agriculture, Food Systems and Nutrition for Food and Nutrition Security in Myanmar by Khin Mar Cho, International Agricultural Extension and Nutrition Specialist, Cornell University.
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Traditional and Indigenous foods for Food systems transformationFrancois Stepman
Presentation by Anna Lartey Professor of Nutrition.
Anna Lartey (PhD UC Davis); Sc.D. (h.c.McGill University)
Professor of Nutrition, Past President of the International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS 2013-2017)
at Webinar of 20 May 2021. Traditional and Indigenous Foods for Food Systems Transformation in Africa
Linking farmers, indigenous vegetables and schools in Western Kenya for impro...Teresa Borelli
In Kenya, where high levels of under-nutrition and overweight and obesity coexist, local foods have the potential to provide ready access to affordable, key micronutrients for healthy and balanced diets. Yet, lack of consumer awareness of the nutritional value of local biodiversity, poorly developed markets and value chains and negative perceptions associated with traditional foods are leading to the underutilization and disappearance of many nutritionally-relevant species as well as the shift to unhealthy eating habits.
ACIAR is supporting research to revive interest in African Leafy Vegetables (ALVs) and to address demand and supply-side constraints linked to the marketing of these local crops. The project is building the capacity of entrepreneurial farmer groups to sustainably produce and respond to market demands for ALVs from institutional markets (such as local schools, clinics etc.). At the same time, preliminary nutrition education interventions are being undertaken in schools and communities in Busia County to increase the appreciation and use of local nutritious biodiversity to improve dietary diversity.
The impact of social protection programs in Ethiopia on children’s nutritiona...TogetherForNutrition
This document summarizes research on the impacts of social protection programs in Ethiopia on child nutrition. It finds that while the Productive Safety Nets Programme (PSNP) and social cash transfer pilot program in Tigray improved household food security, neither program improved child nutrition outcomes. This is because they did not effectively provide nutrition information and education to mothers. Child diet quality remains poor in Ethiopia and many children face chronic undernutrition from a very young age. The document concludes that while the programs addressed food availability, other critical conditions like nutrition knowledge and hygiene practices were missing to fully impact child growth.
The impact of social protection programs in Ethiopia on children’s nutritiona...essp2
This document summarizes research on the impacts of social protection programs in Ethiopia on child nutrition. It finds that while the Productive Safety Nets Programme (PSNP) and social cash transfer pilot program in Tigray improved household food security, neither program improved child nutrition outcomes. Child malnutrition levels remained high, likely because the programs did not effectively integrate nutrition education and interventions. Maternal education had limited impact on child nutrition, and many children faced chronic undernutrition from a very young age. Improving nutrition knowledge and hygiene practices is needed for social protection to fully address child malnutrition in Ethiopia.
Mr Nelson Godfried Aguyemang: A Comprehensive Co-operative Approach to Food S...cooperatives
Mr Nelson Godfried Aguyemang, Vice-President, Ghana Agricultural Producers and Marketing Association, Ghana at the International Co-operative Alliance Global Conference in Cape Town, November 2013.
This document discusses food insecurity in protracted crisis countries like Afghanistan. It notes that Afghanistan experiences conflict, post-conflict, and protracted crisis issues, providing an opportunity to address challenges in other such countries. Recommendations include improving food security through multi-stakeholder partnerships between governments, organizations, and communities. Specific programs discussed include increasing adoption of new crop varieties, village-based seed enterprises, goat management training, and off-farm income opportunities to enhance access to food. Capacity development is also emphasized through individual, institutional, farmer, and community training along with post-training support. Next steps include following up on outcomes from a previous workshop on cooperation between protracted crisis countries in areas like crisis response,
Workshop 3: The Agriculture Nutrition Nexus and the Way Forward at The Caribbean-Pacific Agri-Food Forum 2015 (CPAF2015) taking place 2-6 November in Barbados with support from the Intra-ACP Agricultural Policy programme, organized in partnership with the Barbados Agricultural Society (BAS) and the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA). http://www.cta.int/en/news/caribbean-pacific-agri-food-forum.html
Review of the Role of Orphan Crops in Food Security
Methods of Rice Technology Adoption Studies in the Philippines and Other Asian Countries: A Systematic Review
Competitiveness of Indian Agricultural Exports: A Constant Market Share Analysis
Role of Agroforestry on Farmland Productivity in Semi-arid Farming Regions of Zimbabwe
Land Use, Productivity, and Profitability of Traditional Rice–Wheat System Could be Improved by Conservation Agriculture
Sustainable Nutrition Manual presentation for clearance (result = endorsed!)Stacia Nordin
Presentation to the Malawi Agriculture Technical Clearing Committee which, after discussion, resulted in Endorsement of the revised Sustainable Nutrition Manual. Coming your way soon! Publishing process now underway.
Follow www.NeverEndingFood.org for updates
Multi-Sectoral linkages to improve diet, nutrition and food security workIFPRIMaSSP
This Keynote address was presented by Dr. Alexander Kalimbira (Head of Nutrition Department at LUANAR) at the agriculture nutrition event on "Improving Food Security, Diets and Nutrition through Multisectoral Action" on 30 May, 2017 at Capital Hotel, Lilongwe.
This study examined malnutrition among school-aged children in rural and urban areas of two districts in Ethiopia. The researchers collected anthropometric and dietary intake data from 886 children and analyzed differences in stunting and thinness between settings. The prevalence of stunting was higher in rural (42.7%) versus urban (29.2%) areas. In rural areas, factors associated with stunting included recent fever, consumption of animal foods, and family cattle ownership. In urban areas, only older age and the head of household's education were associated with stunting. Thinness was linked to household size and rice farming in rural communities and animal food intake and head of household literacy in urban communities. The study found varying factors impacting malnutrition
Opportunities for nutritional monitoring and implementation zambiaAg4HealthNutrition
The document discusses opportunities for nutritional monitoring and implementation at the national level in Zambia. It outlines how household surveys conducted by Zambia's National Statistical Office collect data on nutrition levels, food consumption, and malnutrition. This data provides opportunities to monitor nutritional status over time and evaluate the impact of nutrition programs and policies. While the surveys have limitations, they represent the most reliable way to collect household data on a large, representative scale and allow ongoing assessment of implementation efforts.
Malnutrition is a major problem in India, with over 1/3 of the world's malnourished children living in India. The document outlines the scope and causes of malnutrition in India. Major causes include poverty, food prices, dietary practices, lack of breastfeeding, and gender inequality. It then proposes multi-sector solutions that address the issue across the entire lifecycle through both direct interventions like supplements and feeding practices, and indirect interventions like access to water/sanitation, education, and socio-cultural factors. The solutions framework is based on principles of addressing the nutrient deficit, breaking intergenerational cycles, and coordinated multi-sector actions. Mega coordination across ministries and sectors is needed to effectively implement the solutions
Obesity and malnutrition an international perspective of the paradoxGianluca Tognon
Obesity and malnutrition can occur together due to economic and social factors. In low-income communities, obesogenic foods that are high in calories but low in nutrients are often most affordable and available. This can lead to weight gain while still being malnourished. Additionally, periods of food insecurity may cause people to overeat when food is available to store calories against future uncertainty. Overall, complex social and economic drivers can result in both obesity and malnutrition within the same family or community.
Food is essential for survival but many around the world do not have reliable access to enough nutritious food. Hunger exists in degrees from acute to chronic to hidden and is caused by factors like drought, poverty, and unequal access to resources. Around 925 million people do not have enough to eat, with 65% living in just seven highly populated countries. Tree planting is proposed as a solution to prevent further loss of arable land and help increase future food production, though it will take time. Achieving global food security and nutrition will require sustainable and equitable food systems.
This document summarizes information about global food supply and issues. It discusses how population growth and income affect food demand. Poorer countries typically see higher population increases but lower supply increases. Food distribution, not production, is often the main problem due to infrastructure and policy issues. The document also outlines some key Indian government food supply programs like mid-day meals to address malnutrition. Overall solutions proposed include reducing population growth, boosting agricultural productivity, and spurring economic growth for the poorest.
This document summarizes 12 sources that examine the relationship between agricultural commercialization, food security, and nutrition in the uplands of Laos. It identifies 24 key findings from the literature around how commercialization is transforming livelihoods and impacting different groups. The findings note that commercialization benefits some households but harms the most vulnerable with little land; access to land and forest foods is declining; and food security increasingly depends on wage labor, global markets, and ability to cope with risks like debt.
Mainstreaming gender and nutrition into agricultural extension servicesFaith Okiror
This document discusses mainstreaming gender and nutrition into agricultural extension services in Uganda. It begins with an introduction to Uganda's agricultural sector and policies related to agriculture, food, and nutrition security. It then covers linkages between agriculture and nutrition, challenges to gender and nutrition in agricultural extension, and the role of extension workers in addressing these issues. Practical approaches discussed include promoting enterprise mixes for regular income, producing diverse nutrient-rich foods, protecting the environment, considering gender and family needs, and promoting water, sanitation and hygiene practices. The document provides examples and recommendations for extension workers to integrate these approaches into their work.
This document discusses food security and nutrition challenges in Ethiopia. It outlines that food insecurity and malnutrition violate human rights. Agriculture plays a key role in food security but faces challenges from population growth, climate change, and increasing costs. Current food systems contribute to health and environmental issues. Ensuring access to nutritious food for all people requires addressing availability, access, utilization and stability. Future work should promote research on nutrition, food quality and safety, while fighting hunger through community initiatives.
Linking Agriculture, Food Systems and Nutrition for Food and Nutrition Security in Myanmar by Khin Mar Cho, International Agricultural Extension and Nutrition Specialist, Cornell University.
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
Traditional and Indigenous foods for Food systems transformationFrancois Stepman
Presentation by Anna Lartey Professor of Nutrition.
Anna Lartey (PhD UC Davis); Sc.D. (h.c.McGill University)
Professor of Nutrition, Past President of the International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS 2013-2017)
at Webinar of 20 May 2021. Traditional and Indigenous Foods for Food Systems Transformation in Africa
Linking farmers, indigenous vegetables and schools in Western Kenya for impro...Teresa Borelli
In Kenya, where high levels of under-nutrition and overweight and obesity coexist, local foods have the potential to provide ready access to affordable, key micronutrients for healthy and balanced diets. Yet, lack of consumer awareness of the nutritional value of local biodiversity, poorly developed markets and value chains and negative perceptions associated with traditional foods are leading to the underutilization and disappearance of many nutritionally-relevant species as well as the shift to unhealthy eating habits.
ACIAR is supporting research to revive interest in African Leafy Vegetables (ALVs) and to address demand and supply-side constraints linked to the marketing of these local crops. The project is building the capacity of entrepreneurial farmer groups to sustainably produce and respond to market demands for ALVs from institutional markets (such as local schools, clinics etc.). At the same time, preliminary nutrition education interventions are being undertaken in schools and communities in Busia County to increase the appreciation and use of local nutritious biodiversity to improve dietary diversity.
The impact of social protection programs in Ethiopia on children’s nutritiona...TogetherForNutrition
This document summarizes research on the impacts of social protection programs in Ethiopia on child nutrition. It finds that while the Productive Safety Nets Programme (PSNP) and social cash transfer pilot program in Tigray improved household food security, neither program improved child nutrition outcomes. This is because they did not effectively provide nutrition information and education to mothers. Child diet quality remains poor in Ethiopia and many children face chronic undernutrition from a very young age. The document concludes that while the programs addressed food availability, other critical conditions like nutrition knowledge and hygiene practices were missing to fully impact child growth.
The impact of social protection programs in Ethiopia on children’s nutritiona...essp2
This document summarizes research on the impacts of social protection programs in Ethiopia on child nutrition. It finds that while the Productive Safety Nets Programme (PSNP) and social cash transfer pilot program in Tigray improved household food security, neither program improved child nutrition outcomes. Child malnutrition levels remained high, likely because the programs did not effectively integrate nutrition education and interventions. Maternal education had limited impact on child nutrition, and many children faced chronic undernutrition from a very young age. Improving nutrition knowledge and hygiene practices is needed for social protection to fully address child malnutrition in Ethiopia.
Mr Nelson Godfried Aguyemang: A Comprehensive Co-operative Approach to Food S...cooperatives
Mr Nelson Godfried Aguyemang, Vice-President, Ghana Agricultural Producers and Marketing Association, Ghana at the International Co-operative Alliance Global Conference in Cape Town, November 2013.
This document discusses food insecurity in protracted crisis countries like Afghanistan. It notes that Afghanistan experiences conflict, post-conflict, and protracted crisis issues, providing an opportunity to address challenges in other such countries. Recommendations include improving food security through multi-stakeholder partnerships between governments, organizations, and communities. Specific programs discussed include increasing adoption of new crop varieties, village-based seed enterprises, goat management training, and off-farm income opportunities to enhance access to food. Capacity development is also emphasized through individual, institutional, farmer, and community training along with post-training support. Next steps include following up on outcomes from a previous workshop on cooperation between protracted crisis countries in areas like crisis response,
Workshop 3: The Agriculture Nutrition Nexus and the Way Forward at The Caribbean-Pacific Agri-Food Forum 2015 (CPAF2015) taking place 2-6 November in Barbados with support from the Intra-ACP Agricultural Policy programme, organized in partnership with the Barbados Agricultural Society (BAS) and the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA). http://www.cta.int/en/news/caribbean-pacific-agri-food-forum.html
Review of the Role of Orphan Crops in Food Security
Methods of Rice Technology Adoption Studies in the Philippines and Other Asian Countries: A Systematic Review
Competitiveness of Indian Agricultural Exports: A Constant Market Share Analysis
Role of Agroforestry on Farmland Productivity in Semi-arid Farming Regions of Zimbabwe
Land Use, Productivity, and Profitability of Traditional Rice–Wheat System Could be Improved by Conservation Agriculture
Sustainable Nutrition Manual presentation for clearance (result = endorsed!)Stacia Nordin
Presentation to the Malawi Agriculture Technical Clearing Committee which, after discussion, resulted in Endorsement of the revised Sustainable Nutrition Manual. Coming your way soon! Publishing process now underway.
Follow www.NeverEndingFood.org for updates
Multi-Sectoral linkages to improve diet, nutrition and food security workIFPRIMaSSP
This Keynote address was presented by Dr. Alexander Kalimbira (Head of Nutrition Department at LUANAR) at the agriculture nutrition event on "Improving Food Security, Diets and Nutrition through Multisectoral Action" on 30 May, 2017 at Capital Hotel, Lilongwe.
This study examined malnutrition among school-aged children in rural and urban areas of two districts in Ethiopia. The researchers collected anthropometric and dietary intake data from 886 children and analyzed differences in stunting and thinness between settings. The prevalence of stunting was higher in rural (42.7%) versus urban (29.2%) areas. In rural areas, factors associated with stunting included recent fever, consumption of animal foods, and family cattle ownership. In urban areas, only older age and the head of household's education were associated with stunting. Thinness was linked to household size and rice farming in rural communities and animal food intake and head of household literacy in urban communities. The study found varying factors impacting malnutrition
Opportunities for nutritional monitoring and implementation zambiaAg4HealthNutrition
The document discusses opportunities for nutritional monitoring and implementation at the national level in Zambia. It outlines how household surveys conducted by Zambia's National Statistical Office collect data on nutrition levels, food consumption, and malnutrition. This data provides opportunities to monitor nutritional status over time and evaluate the impact of nutrition programs and policies. While the surveys have limitations, they represent the most reliable way to collect household data on a large, representative scale and allow ongoing assessment of implementation efforts.
Similar to cattle production problems in Nepal.pptx (20)
Aquatic plant breeds and its breeding in Nepal.pptxBhojanDhakal2
Breeding aquarium fish can be a rewarding hobby that requires selecting suitable fish species, setting up separate breeding tanks with hiding places, maintaining optimal water conditions, feeding a balanced diet, identifying mating pairs, triggering breeding behaviors, caring for eggs and fry, and having patience. Common aquarium fish that are relatively easy for beginners to breed include guppies, mollies, and platies. Proper research is needed to understand the specific requirements for successfully breeding different fish species.
Dietary energy requirements to animals.pptxBhojanDhakal2
Dietary energy supplementation refers to increasing calorie or nutrient intake through one's diet for various reasons such as weight gain, increased energy needs, or medical conditions. Methods of supplementation include choosing calorie-dense whole foods, nutritional supplements, and increasing meal frequency to distribute calories more evenly throughout the day. Dietary energy and its partition within the animal refers to how calories from food are allocated for bodily functions like metabolism, physical activity, growth, and energy storage.
Project presentation Research priority_PPWorkshop_Bhojan Dhakal [Autosaved].pptxBhojanDhakal2
This document proposes revisions to an ongoing project on research priority setting and problem identification in livestock and fisheries. The reviewer suggests omitting two activities that have weak linkages to the project topic. They also note that past work is missing from the ongoing project description. Additionally, the reviewer finds weak linkages between the project title, proposed activities, and methodology. They recommend strengthening the methodology and including quantifiable indicators. The total proposed budget for the project is 645,000 Nepali rupees.
This document provides information on feeding sheep and goats. It discusses:
1) The nutrient requirements for maintenance, reproduction, pregnancy, lactation, and growth for sheep and goats. Requirements vary based on body weight, age, and production stage.
2) Common feeds and fodders for sheep and goats including tree leaves, grasses, legume fodders, and cereal crops. Goats prefer browsing on shrubs while sheep graze.
3) Feeding recommendations for lambs/kids from birth to weaning including colostrum intake, creep feeding, and gradual introduction of forages and concentrates. Proper nutritional care is important for viability and growth.
Barron's SAT I Basic Word List BARRON'S HOW TO PREPARE FOR.pdfBhojanDhakal2
The document discusses the history and development of artificial intelligence over the past 70 years. It outlines some of the key milestones in AI research from the early work in the 1950s to modern advances in machine learning using neural networks. While progress has been made, fully general human-level artificial intelligence remains an ongoing challenge that researchers are still working to achieve.
This document summarizes ruminal microbiology and digestion. It discusses how plant polymers are broken down by bacteria, protozoa, and fungi through extracellular and intracellular processes. Key points include: carbohydrates like cellulose, hemicellulose, starch and pectin are broken down by various microbes; protein and nitrogen sources are degraded into peptides and amino acids then fermented; lipids are hydrolyzed and fatty acids may be biohydrogenated; microbial interactions are important for fermentation. It also covers the establishment of ruminal bacteria and protozoa in calf development.
Livestock provide many important benefits including meat, dairy products, clothing, fertilizer, draft power, land management, conservation, fuel, recreation, and culture. However, livestock farming in Nepal faces limitations such as being labor intensive, cultural and religious barriers, requiring large land areas, high initial costs, competing with human food needs, disease outbreaks, and lack of proper markets and veterinary services. These problems can be addressed by establishing separate livestock departments, research centers, poultry farms, veterinary hospitals, milk plants, foreign assistance for livestock, increasing hatcheries, and providing more facilities for farmers.
This document provides a summary of the key features and functionality available in the RStudio IDE. It outlines features for code editing and syntax highlighting, code execution and debugging, documentation, plotting, version control, package development, and more. The keyboard shortcuts listed at the end provide quick access to common commands in RStudio.
This document provides definitions and examples for over 50 English vocabulary words, beginning with letters A through D. Each word definition is 1-2 sentences, followed by a mnemonic device to help remember the word's meaning. The document appears to be from an online vocabulary learning resource designed to help non-native English speakers build their word knowledge through memorable associations.
thesis_agronomic practices of grass production 2016.pdfBhojanDhakal2
This dissertation evaluates the agronomic, utilization, nutritive and feeding value of desho grass (Pennisetum pedicellatum) in Ethiopia. It was submitted by Bimrew Asmare Limenih to Jimma University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a PhD in Animal Nutrition. The dissertation includes field experiments to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and yield of desho grass, as well as feeding trials to determine the nutritive value and performance of sheep fed desho grass.
Processing feed provides several benefits: it can reduce costs and improve production by increasing feed efficiency and intake; alter particle size to make feed easier for animals to consume; and change moisture content, density, palatability, and nutrient content. Common processing methods include grinding, rolling, pelleting, and adding molasses or fat to alter various feed properties and improve animal performance.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
2. • Animal feed deficit:There is a shortage of quality feed for
animals throughout the year.
ost current understanding of child nutrition is based on the well-established United Nations
Children's Fund (UNICEF) framework, which identifies the determinants of undernutrition in
children, consisting of immediate causes (inadequate dietary intake and diseases), underlying
causes (household food security, inadequate care and feeding practices, and unhealthy household
environment and inadequate health services), and basic causes (social, cultural, economic,
livelihood, etc.) (9). In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), agriculture has been linked to
improved child nutrition outcomes through three primary pathways: food production, income, and
women's empowerment (10).
3. •Climate change: Climate change is already having a negative
impact on livestock production in Nepal. More extreme weather
events, such as droughts and floods, are making it difficult for
farmers to raise animals.
•Market access: Many Nepalese farmers struggle to get their
products to market, which can limit their income. This is
especially a problem for farmers in remote areas.
These are just some of the problems facing livestock production
in Nepal. There are a number of initiatives underway to address
these challenges, but more needs to be done to improve the
sustainability and productivity of the sector.
4. •Traditional practices: Many farmers in Nepal continue to use
traditional livestock production practices, which can be inefficient
and unsustainable. For example, some farmers graze their
animals on common land, which can lead to overgrazing and
degradation of the land.
•Disease: Livestock in Nepal are susceptible to a number of
diseases, which can devastate herds and flocks. This is a
particular problem for small-scale farmers, who may not be able
to afford to vaccinate their animals.