Maja Gavrilovic and Elsa Valli's presentation "Child Marriage and Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Programme: Analysis of protective pathways in the Amhara region" presented at IDS in October 2019.
Amber Peterman, Elsa Valli and Tia Palermo
UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti
On Behalf of the LEAP 1000 Evaluation Team
CSAE Conference 2019, Oxford
March 17, 2019
Yekaterina Chzhen presents “Impacts of a Cash Plus Intervention on Gender Attitudes Among Tanzanian Adolescents" at Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management Annual Conference, Barcelona July 29-30.
Jennifer Waidler presents “A Cash Plus Model for Safe Transitions to Adulthood: Impacts on the Sexual and Reproductive Health Knowledge of Tanzania’s Youth” at APHA Annual Meeting 2019, Philadelphia, November 3-6 2019
Impact of the Kenya Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children on safe...Michelle Mills
This presentation provides information about The Transfer Project and describes findings from a recent evaluation of the Kenya Cash Transfer Program for Orphans and Vulnerable Children.
This document summarizes a presentation on investigating patterns of mismatch between household wealth and child well-being in Ethiopia and Vietnam using mixed quantitative and qualitative methods. The study aims to explore if mismatches are due to measurement error, lagged effects of poverty, opportunity costs of child labor, or other household, infrastructure, social attitude factors. Quantitative data from surveys in both countries from 1999-2009 are analyzed along with qualitative interviews. Preliminary findings show complex relationships between monetary poverty and multidimensional child outcomes. Policy implications focus on improving measurement of child poverty, targeting programs, and addressing underlying causes through livelihood and social programs rather than individual blame.
Maja Gavrilovic and Elsa Valli's presentation "Child Marriage and Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Programme: Analysis of protective pathways in the Amhara region" presented at IDS in October 2019.
Amber Peterman, Elsa Valli and Tia Palermo
UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti
On Behalf of the LEAP 1000 Evaluation Team
CSAE Conference 2019, Oxford
March 17, 2019
Yekaterina Chzhen presents “Impacts of a Cash Plus Intervention on Gender Attitudes Among Tanzanian Adolescents" at Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management Annual Conference, Barcelona July 29-30.
Jennifer Waidler presents “A Cash Plus Model for Safe Transitions to Adulthood: Impacts on the Sexual and Reproductive Health Knowledge of Tanzania’s Youth” at APHA Annual Meeting 2019, Philadelphia, November 3-6 2019
Impact of the Kenya Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children on safe...Michelle Mills
This presentation provides information about The Transfer Project and describes findings from a recent evaluation of the Kenya Cash Transfer Program for Orphans and Vulnerable Children.
This document summarizes a presentation on investigating patterns of mismatch between household wealth and child well-being in Ethiopia and Vietnam using mixed quantitative and qualitative methods. The study aims to explore if mismatches are due to measurement error, lagged effects of poverty, opportunity costs of child labor, or other household, infrastructure, social attitude factors. Quantitative data from surveys in both countries from 1999-2009 are analyzed along with qualitative interviews. Preliminary findings show complex relationships between monetary poverty and multidimensional child outcomes. Policy implications focus on improving measurement of child poverty, targeting programs, and addressing underlying causes through livelihood and social programs rather than individual blame.
1) An unconditional cash transfer program in Ghana called LEAP increased school enrollment and attendance, particularly for older boys and children with lower cognitive ability.
2) The program led parents to increase spending on school supplies and fees, loosening constraints on education costs.
3) The results suggest cash transfers can have heterogeneous impacts and that parents respond to increased resources by supporting schooling for children who may need it most, even without conditions requiring it.
This document outlines Child Sensitive Social Protection (CSSP) approaches developed in South Asia by Save the Children. It discusses how CSSP is understood as social protection programs designed to positively impact children. Key approaches taken include improving access to government programs, enhancing child sensitivity of programs, piloting new programs, and integrating with service delivery. Achievements include supporting over 100,000 people and bringing over 3,000 children out of child labor. Challenges include demonstrating long-term impact and gaining government support for scaling up approaches.
This document discusses how development interventions and their evaluations often fail to account for complex social dynamics and unintended impacts. It presents a theory of change model that distinguishes between inputs, processes, outcomes, and short-term and long-term impacts of interventions. It also identifies different levels of social relationships within households, communities, with program actors, economic actors, and political actors that can influence intervention impacts. Finally, it presents a framework for assessing intended material impacts as well as unintended social impacts that can be positive, neutral, or negative.
Cash for Women's Empowerment? A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of the Government of...TransferProjct
This presentation reviews findings from the team's paper evaluating the impact of the Zambian Child Grant Program (CGP) on women's decision-making and empowerment.
This document discusses making social protection programs in Nepal more sensitive to children's needs. It analyzes several existing programs: the child grant has modest impact due to low amounts and delays; scholarships have limited impact due to low amounts and other barriers to education; and public works programs could have greater impact if they provided childcare and more work days. It identifies challenges like low coordination, capacity, and awareness. Recommendations include strengthening implementation, expanding coverage through a twin-track approach, increasing transfer amounts, improving registration flexibility, and better linking programs to sensitization and child protection.
Can a social cash transfer program improve youth mental health in Kenya?Michelle Mills
This presentation looks at how cash transfers can provide greater economic security to improve young people’s ability achieve their goals, enhancing their hopefulness and future outlooks.
Can unconditional cash transfers lead to sustainable poverty reduction?Michelle Mills
This document summarizes evidence from evaluations of two unconditional cash transfer programs in Zambia called the Child Grant Program (CGP) and the Multiple Category Targeting Program (MCP). The evaluations found:
1) Both programs led to increases in consumption, food security, asset ownership, income, and reductions in poverty and debt.
2) Impacts were found across various domains of well-being and were sustained over time, suggesting cash transfers can reduce poverty in a sustainable way.
3) The effects were similar for different types of households, showing the programs' benefits extended broadly.
Adolescents, social protection and HIV in South AfricaRENEWAL-IFPRI
This document summarizes the Swa Koteka study which aims to determine if conditional cash transfers given to young women in South Africa to encourage school attendance can reduce their risk of HIV infection. The study uses a randomized controlled trial design across 24 villages. Some villages receive a community mobilization intervention targeting young men to change gender norms. Young women ages 14-20 either receive monthly cash transfers conditional on school attendance or serve as the control group. The primary outcome is assessing if conditional cash transfers lower HIV incidence rates after 3 years. Secondary outcomes include rates of HSV-2, risky sexual behaviors, and school attendance.
Ability of Household Food Insecurity Measures to Capture Vulnerability & Resi...TransferProjct
This document discusses a study that examines the ability of different household food insecurity measures to capture vulnerability and resilience. It presents results from a cash transfer program in Zimbabwe. The study finds that while food insecurity scores improved from 2013 to 2014 for both treatment and comparison groups, the improvement was greater for the treatment group that received cash transfers. This suggests cash transfers helped increase food security and resilience. The study also finds that different food insecurity measures like expenditures, diet diversity scores, and experience-based scales provide varying but complementary perspectives on household food security.
Children's services – can inspection drive improvement? Ofsted at SOLACE summ...Ofsted
Debbie Jones from Ofsted gave a presentation at the SOLACE Summit 2014 about children's services inspections and driving improvement. She dispelled myths that Ofsted plans to take over improvement efforts or sign off on plans, and that inspections are doing the bidding of central government. Ofsted has developed an inspection framework based on what good looks like, as requested by the sector. Ofsted is committed to supporting local authorities not yet rated as good and sharing knowledge of best practices. She posed questions about how leaders can improve the current situation where only 27% of local authorities provide good services, how every child can receive high quality services, and how lessons can be shared across all authorities.
The document provides an overview of recent federal child welfare policy and legislation. It discusses the Preventing Sex Trafficking and Strengthening Families Act of 2014 which aims to address child sex trafficking, promote permanency, and allow for normalcy for foster youth. It also summarizes proposals from the President's 2016 budget, Senator Wyden regarding prevention services, and Senator Hatch related to reducing congregate care. The document analyzes implementation opportunities and challenges of the new laws and policies.
- The document outlines Sir Roger Singleton's experience leading the transition away from institutional care towards raising children at home as the Managing Director of Lumos and previously at Barnardo's.
- It discusses the influences driving change, efforts to reunite children with families and find foster/adoptive homes, issues faced and how resistance was managed, elements of an effective deinstitutionalization program, and lessons learned.
- Key aspects of a good program included strategic planning, individualized assessments and placements, incorporating youth voices, developing community services, properly reallocating resources, and ongoing monitoring and evaluation.
This document summarizes a study on building social, health and economic assets for vulnerable adolescent girls through a safe spaces program in Kenya and Uganda. The program provided financial education, savings accounts, and health training to over 11,000 girls aged 10-19. Results showed that girls who participated were less dependent on men financially, better able to refuse unwanted sexual advances, and had emergency funds. The program is being expanded to more sites to understand the effects of economic assets on sexual behavior and exploitation. Recommendations include flexible savings products for girls and combining financial and non-financial services.
In the latest webinar in the Using What Works series highlighting tools of the Annie E. Casey Foundation’s Evidence2Success framework, experts described the components of a strategic financing plan for programs proven to work for children and families and new financing approaches being adopted around the country.
This invited presentation for the Institute of Health Visiting Leadership Conference gives a DPH view on the future of Child Public Health and the need for a systems approach
0.3%
0.1%
9.6
11.2
Married as teenagers
Frequency
Frequency of
Average
of ever
teen birth
years of
attending among women
schooling
school
ages 20-49 who
among
ever attended
those with
school
schooling
70.4%
95.6%
65.4%
60.3%
6.7
9.4
1) The document analyzes data from Demographic and Health Surveys in 76 countries to estimate the years of schooling lost due to teenage childbirth and the resulting economic costs. 2) Multivariate regression models were
The document summarizes evidence from cash transfer programs in sub-Saharan Africa evaluated by the Transfer Project. It finds that:
1) Large-scale government cash transfer programs significantly reduced poverty, improved food security and expenditures, increased human capital through education and health impacts, and increased resilience through productive investments.
2) The programs had broader community impacts such as not increasing inflation and benefiting local economies.
3) Cash transfers were found to be an affordable intervention for governments in sub-Saharan Africa, costing on average 1.1% of GDP.
Volume 3: issue 1 of our newsletter
Contents
• Editors Note
• KENYA: Parenting 101: Parenting styles and learning outcomes for school children
• MAURITIUS: PAN Member, Halley Movement
• Triple P Demystified
• PAN Events: Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya and Ethiopia Round table meeting
The Transfer Project's presentation on 'Cash Transfers and Child Work' at ILAB's Impact to Action Results Event in Washington DC on November 13th 2019.
1) An unconditional cash transfer program in Ghana called LEAP increased school enrollment and attendance, particularly for older boys and children with lower cognitive ability.
2) The program led parents to increase spending on school supplies and fees, loosening constraints on education costs.
3) The results suggest cash transfers can have heterogeneous impacts and that parents respond to increased resources by supporting schooling for children who may need it most, even without conditions requiring it.
This document outlines Child Sensitive Social Protection (CSSP) approaches developed in South Asia by Save the Children. It discusses how CSSP is understood as social protection programs designed to positively impact children. Key approaches taken include improving access to government programs, enhancing child sensitivity of programs, piloting new programs, and integrating with service delivery. Achievements include supporting over 100,000 people and bringing over 3,000 children out of child labor. Challenges include demonstrating long-term impact and gaining government support for scaling up approaches.
This document discusses how development interventions and their evaluations often fail to account for complex social dynamics and unintended impacts. It presents a theory of change model that distinguishes between inputs, processes, outcomes, and short-term and long-term impacts of interventions. It also identifies different levels of social relationships within households, communities, with program actors, economic actors, and political actors that can influence intervention impacts. Finally, it presents a framework for assessing intended material impacts as well as unintended social impacts that can be positive, neutral, or negative.
Cash for Women's Empowerment? A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of the Government of...TransferProjct
This presentation reviews findings from the team's paper evaluating the impact of the Zambian Child Grant Program (CGP) on women's decision-making and empowerment.
This document discusses making social protection programs in Nepal more sensitive to children's needs. It analyzes several existing programs: the child grant has modest impact due to low amounts and delays; scholarships have limited impact due to low amounts and other barriers to education; and public works programs could have greater impact if they provided childcare and more work days. It identifies challenges like low coordination, capacity, and awareness. Recommendations include strengthening implementation, expanding coverage through a twin-track approach, increasing transfer amounts, improving registration flexibility, and better linking programs to sensitization and child protection.
Can a social cash transfer program improve youth mental health in Kenya?Michelle Mills
This presentation looks at how cash transfers can provide greater economic security to improve young people’s ability achieve their goals, enhancing their hopefulness and future outlooks.
Can unconditional cash transfers lead to sustainable poverty reduction?Michelle Mills
This document summarizes evidence from evaluations of two unconditional cash transfer programs in Zambia called the Child Grant Program (CGP) and the Multiple Category Targeting Program (MCP). The evaluations found:
1) Both programs led to increases in consumption, food security, asset ownership, income, and reductions in poverty and debt.
2) Impacts were found across various domains of well-being and were sustained over time, suggesting cash transfers can reduce poverty in a sustainable way.
3) The effects were similar for different types of households, showing the programs' benefits extended broadly.
Adolescents, social protection and HIV in South AfricaRENEWAL-IFPRI
This document summarizes the Swa Koteka study which aims to determine if conditional cash transfers given to young women in South Africa to encourage school attendance can reduce their risk of HIV infection. The study uses a randomized controlled trial design across 24 villages. Some villages receive a community mobilization intervention targeting young men to change gender norms. Young women ages 14-20 either receive monthly cash transfers conditional on school attendance or serve as the control group. The primary outcome is assessing if conditional cash transfers lower HIV incidence rates after 3 years. Secondary outcomes include rates of HSV-2, risky sexual behaviors, and school attendance.
Ability of Household Food Insecurity Measures to Capture Vulnerability & Resi...TransferProjct
This document discusses a study that examines the ability of different household food insecurity measures to capture vulnerability and resilience. It presents results from a cash transfer program in Zimbabwe. The study finds that while food insecurity scores improved from 2013 to 2014 for both treatment and comparison groups, the improvement was greater for the treatment group that received cash transfers. This suggests cash transfers helped increase food security and resilience. The study also finds that different food insecurity measures like expenditures, diet diversity scores, and experience-based scales provide varying but complementary perspectives on household food security.
Children's services – can inspection drive improvement? Ofsted at SOLACE summ...Ofsted
Debbie Jones from Ofsted gave a presentation at the SOLACE Summit 2014 about children's services inspections and driving improvement. She dispelled myths that Ofsted plans to take over improvement efforts or sign off on plans, and that inspections are doing the bidding of central government. Ofsted has developed an inspection framework based on what good looks like, as requested by the sector. Ofsted is committed to supporting local authorities not yet rated as good and sharing knowledge of best practices. She posed questions about how leaders can improve the current situation where only 27% of local authorities provide good services, how every child can receive high quality services, and how lessons can be shared across all authorities.
The document provides an overview of recent federal child welfare policy and legislation. It discusses the Preventing Sex Trafficking and Strengthening Families Act of 2014 which aims to address child sex trafficking, promote permanency, and allow for normalcy for foster youth. It also summarizes proposals from the President's 2016 budget, Senator Wyden regarding prevention services, and Senator Hatch related to reducing congregate care. The document analyzes implementation opportunities and challenges of the new laws and policies.
- The document outlines Sir Roger Singleton's experience leading the transition away from institutional care towards raising children at home as the Managing Director of Lumos and previously at Barnardo's.
- It discusses the influences driving change, efforts to reunite children with families and find foster/adoptive homes, issues faced and how resistance was managed, elements of an effective deinstitutionalization program, and lessons learned.
- Key aspects of a good program included strategic planning, individualized assessments and placements, incorporating youth voices, developing community services, properly reallocating resources, and ongoing monitoring and evaluation.
This document summarizes a study on building social, health and economic assets for vulnerable adolescent girls through a safe spaces program in Kenya and Uganda. The program provided financial education, savings accounts, and health training to over 11,000 girls aged 10-19. Results showed that girls who participated were less dependent on men financially, better able to refuse unwanted sexual advances, and had emergency funds. The program is being expanded to more sites to understand the effects of economic assets on sexual behavior and exploitation. Recommendations include flexible savings products for girls and combining financial and non-financial services.
In the latest webinar in the Using What Works series highlighting tools of the Annie E. Casey Foundation’s Evidence2Success framework, experts described the components of a strategic financing plan for programs proven to work for children and families and new financing approaches being adopted around the country.
This invited presentation for the Institute of Health Visiting Leadership Conference gives a DPH view on the future of Child Public Health and the need for a systems approach
0.3%
0.1%
9.6
11.2
Married as teenagers
Frequency
Frequency of
Average
of ever
teen birth
years of
attending among women
schooling
school
ages 20-49 who
among
ever attended
those with
school
schooling
70.4%
95.6%
65.4%
60.3%
6.7
9.4
1) The document analyzes data from Demographic and Health Surveys in 76 countries to estimate the years of schooling lost due to teenage childbirth and the resulting economic costs. 2) Multivariate regression models were
The document summarizes evidence from cash transfer programs in sub-Saharan Africa evaluated by the Transfer Project. It finds that:
1) Large-scale government cash transfer programs significantly reduced poverty, improved food security and expenditures, increased human capital through education and health impacts, and increased resilience through productive investments.
2) The programs had broader community impacts such as not increasing inflation and benefiting local economies.
3) Cash transfers were found to be an affordable intervention for governments in sub-Saharan Africa, costing on average 1.1% of GDP.
Volume 3: issue 1 of our newsletter
Contents
• Editors Note
• KENYA: Parenting 101: Parenting styles and learning outcomes for school children
• MAURITIUS: PAN Member, Halley Movement
• Triple P Demystified
• PAN Events: Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya and Ethiopia Round table meeting
The Transfer Project's presentation on 'Cash Transfers and Child Work' at ILAB's Impact to Action Results Event in Washington DC on November 13th 2019.
This document summarizes an ongoing project between Bentley University students and the Mmofra Trom Center in Ghana to support vulnerable children's education. The project began in 2007 and involves 25 members committing over 15 hours per week. It impacts 16 children through making and selling bracelets, with profits funding their high school and college tuition. The children work hard and aspire to help their community. The project has retained $24,000 so far and plans to expand support to more children through university partnerships and fundraising.
Photo Journal:
Participating children were briefed to take photos that represent their daily life and to write an accompanying story that describes their life. A selection of these photos and quotes from these stories are presented here.
The photos in this presentation were taken by 18 children from the Amajuba district of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
The Photo Journal initiative was designed as an advocacy tool, with the intention of giving participating community members a channel with which to voice their life experiences.
By inviting children to share their views of life, the intention was to show the day-to-day reality of a sample of Amajuba’s children, who represent the lives of so many others living in the district and around South Africa.
In sharing their realities, these children set out to remind local government and non-governmental organisations about the type of challenges South African children face each day.
The photos are not air-brushed nor photographically perfect , they were taken by children with disposable cameras. Many of these children had never used a camera before.
Call to Action:
The variety of challenges highlighted by the children in the Photo Journal process illustrates the need for service delivery responses from a multiplicity of local government departments (Water and Electricity, Housing,Transport, Health, Social Development, Home Affairs, Education, Public Works).
The Photo Journal initiative forms part of a call for local government departments to come together to develop an integrated child welfare management plan for the Amajuba district.
Currently, few municipalities and local government departments participate in the National Integrated Plan (NIP) forum, which has been identified at a national level as a mechanism for planning the delivery of services for orphans and other vulnerable children.
Without the participation of each government department, most departments continue to act in silos and activities are duplicated across annual plans – whilst the vulnerability of children persists.
To have any hope of effectively impacting on the lives of children like those in this presentation, there is a need for all local government departments to participate in the National Integrated Plan (NIP) forum and in the Integrated Development Plan (IDP) planning cycle.
Both of these forums have been established in the Amajuba district, but are not fully operational owing to a lack of departmental participation.
Child labor is a significant problem in Nepal, with 1.6 million children aged 5-17 estimated to be engaged in child labor. Agriculture is the largest employer of child laborers, with 95% working in that sector. Hazardous child labor affects over 600,000 children. Nepal has national plans to address child labor but enforcement remains a challenge. Interventions such as education, creating economic opportunities for families, and strengthening laws and inspections are needed to effectively tackle the problem of child labor in Nepal.
The document provides information about an organization called Leading Our Lives that supports care-experienced young people. It discusses some of Leading Our Lives' recent activities including photography workshops, a live theatre production about fostering, and their Sons and Daughters Week campaign in October. It also includes interviews on the topic of education with a virtual school head and a leaving care team manager who both discuss challenges care-experienced youth face in education and improvements that have been made.
June 2020 virtual breakfast meeting - all panelist presentationKatie Scollin Flowers
The document summarizes an online meeting held on June 10, 2020 from 8:00-9:30 am by Success for Geneva's Children. It introduces the panelists who will discuss their work supporting children and families in the Geneva community. The panelists represent local schools, health services, advocacy organizations, food services, and community collaboration efforts. They provide updates on responding to COVID-19 and discuss challenges, successes, and plans for reopening while ensuring safety. The meeting concludes by thanking attendees and the Superintendent for their support of children.
Valeria Groppo's presentation for UNU WIDER's seminar series on 20 January 2021. The presentation explores "Conditional cash transfers, child work and schooling: mixed methods evidence from the United Republic of Tanzania".
This document summarizes the story of Amy Dieffenbach, a single mother who was inspired by her grandmother to become a nurse. Amy struggled financially and wanted to provide a better life for her daughter, but could not afford to return to school. She learned about the WATCH Project, which provides support for people to pursue nursing careers. Amy scored below the required level on an initial skills test but studied diligently with help from the WATCH Project and improved her score. After taking some college courses, she was accepted to an LPN program. Amy credits the WATCH Project and her career coordinator for helping her pursue her dream of becoming an LPN to support her daughter.
Are our children learning? Literacy and Numeracy Across East Africa - 2013 r...KenyaSchoolReport.com
The document provides an overview of the Uwezo learning assessment surveys conducted in East Africa between 2009-2012. It finds that:
1) Less than a third of children enrolled in Grade 3 have basic Grade 2 level literacy and numeracy skills, indicating a continued crisis in learning outcomes across East Africa.
2) There are large differences in learning achievement among countries and within countries, with Kenya performing best and disparities between rich and poor households.
3) Out of every ten teachers in East Africa, at least one is absent from school on any given day. Trend data shows little improvement in literacy and numeracy skills over the last three assessment rounds.
Monitoring,Evaluation and learning initiative: Young children affected by HIV...Jared Ogeda
The document summarizes a situational analysis conducted in Siaya County, Kenya on integrating early childhood development services. Key findings include:
- Services for children ages 0-5 are limited and fragmented, with little awareness of national ECD policies. Preschools have poor quality and many children do not attend.
- Health services are limited and barriers include poverty, beliefs, and lack of provider capacity. Nutrition is inadequate for vulnerable children.
- Economic support is needed for caregivers. Data collection by community groups needs strengthening.
- Recommendations include improving community ECD knowledge, preschool quality, and integrating services through partnerships. The analysis will inform project design.
The document summarizes a situational analysis conducted in Siaya County, Kenya on integrating early childhood development services. Key findings include:
- Services for children ages 0-5 are limited and fragmented, with little awareness of national ECD policies. Preschools have poor quality and many children do not attend.
- Health services are limited and barriers include poverty, beliefs, and lack of provider capacity. Nutrition is inadequate for vulnerable children.
- Economic support is needed for caregivers. Data collection by community groups needs strengthening.
- Recommendations include improving community ECD knowledge, preschool quality, and integrating services through partnerships. The analysis will inform project design.
Discovery info set - suresh ambat - building blocksAnusha Saxena
Suresh Ambat founded Building Blocks in 2005 to provide education to children in slums in Bangalore. Currently, Building Blocks operates 7 learning centers educating over 500 children. The organization aims to empower children through education, provide nutritious meals, and teach life skills. Building Blocks assesses its impact through evaluating children's progress, teacher performance reviews, and ensuring children integrate hygiene practices. The organization fundraising through social media, donor visits to centers, and maintaining relationships with current donors.
An innovative and successful project for building learning pathways for young...Renate Hughes
This presentation provides a summary of the Steps to the Future Learning Pathways for Young Mothers Project. The project ran for 3.5 years and achieved some amazing outcomes in a low SEIFA community in Tasmania, Australia.
This document summarizes a study on children living without parental care in Nepal conducted by Children and Women In Social Service and Human Rights (CWISH) in cooperation with AC International Child Support. The study mapped nine sectors with high numbers of separated children, including child labor, child marriages, trafficking, and institutional care. It found that separated children often face deprivations to their health, education, safety, and psychosocial well-being. The study identified various actors involved in separation, as well as underlying intentions and factors that encourage the separation of children from their families in Nepal. It concludes with recommendations to better protect children's rights to parental care.
Over the past year, the organization empowered over 1,200 young people and children through their programs. They successfully completed their second Social Impact Bond program that supported 3,000 young people and children over six years. They also worked with the University of Manchester to improve their program evaluation methods.
The annual report summarizes Belakoo Trust's programs and activities from 2021-2022. It highlights the expansion of flagship programs to a new campus in Hebbal, Bengaluru, increasing student enrollment fourfold. It also details new initiatives launched over the past year such as the first fundraising event, Belakoo Micro Libraries, and English learning books. The report provides an impact summary, outlining improved educational and life outcomes for students. Upcoming planned programs aim to further scale existing projects and launch new learning opportunities focused on underprivileged children.
ChildFund Cambodia conducted impact assessments in Svay Chrum District, Cambodia in 2011 and 2014 to evaluate changes in child well-being, education, health, and other outcomes. Representatives concluded that positive changes occurred in health, education, household income, and community participation. They attributed many of these changes to ChildFund's investments in projects focused on schools, water/sanitation, livelihoods, and youth over 2011-2014. The representatives recommended ChildFund continue and expand its work in the district.
This document summarizes the work of First Hand, a voluntary organization committed to protecting, rehabilitating, and building better lives for Cambodian children who are victims of trafficking or at high risk. It supports two partner NGOs, Damnok Toek & Riverkids Project, through regular visits, financial assessments, and donations. All profits from fundraising are donated to support programs providing food, medical care, education and community development for vulnerable children in Cambodia.
Kidscan is a New Zealand charity that aims to help disadvantaged children by meeting their physical and nutritional needs so they can fully engage with their education. It operates various programs like "Food for Kids" which provides meals for thousands of children each day, and "Shoes for Kids" which distributes footwear and socks. Rather than focusing on environmental issues, Kidscan addresses the direct needs of children living in poverty through practical assistance and support.
Similar to Cash Transfers, Productive Investment & Child Work (20)
Using Evidence to Inform Program Reform in the Malawi Social Cash Transfer Pr...The Transfer Project
The document discusses policy options for strengthening the Malawi Social Cash Transfer Program's approach to addressing lifecycle vulnerabilities. It summarizes that:
1) While the program indirectly reaches vulnerable groups like the elderly, disabled, and female-headed households, children under 5 are not directly supported.
2) Two recent impact studies suggest the program could be more effective in addressing school retention and lifecycle vulnerabilities.
3) Policy options presented include directly targeting vulnerable categories through a categorical approach or providing additional support for children under 5 and young mothers within beneficiary households.
The document discusses policy options for strengthening the Malawi Social Cash Transfer Program's approach to addressing lifecycle vulnerabilities. It summarizes that:
1) While the program indirectly reaches vulnerable groups like the elderly, disabled, and female-headed households, children under 5 are not directly supported.
2) Two recent impact studies suggest the program could be more effective in addressing school retention and lifecycle vulnerabilities.
3) Policy options presented include directly targeting vulnerable categories through a categorical approach or providing additional support for children under 5 and young mothers within beneficiary households.
Policymakers tend to trust researchers who they have interacted with regularly and can discuss difficult topics with, as this establishes reliability and intimacy over time. The document outlines three key factors that influence trust between researchers and policymakers when informing policy decisions with evidence: content expertise and presence builds credibility; dependability and consistent behavior builds reliability; and the ability to discuss challenging issues builds intimacy.
Policymakers tend to trust researchers who they have interacted with regularly and can discuss difficult topics with, as this establishes reliability and intimacy over time. The document outlines three key factors that influence trust between researchers and policymakers when informing policy decisions with evidence: content expertise and presence builds credibility; dependability and consistent behavior builds reliability; and the ability to discuss challenging issues builds intimacy.
The document summarizes Zambia's social cash transfer program, which has expanded significantly since 2014. It discusses the sustained political support, evidence-based policymaking, increased government funding, and coordination between partners that have contributed to the program's success. It also notes that the program is guided by Zambia's national development plan and a new target of 100% coverage of poor households by 2025. Key elements of the program include a "cash plus" approach that links cash transfers to other assistance, an enhanced management information system, and consideration of graduation pathways and exit strategies.
Impact Evaluation Plan of Humanitarian Interventions in Somalia The Transfer Project
This document outlines an impact evaluation plan for FAO humanitarian interventions in Somalia. It will assess short and long-term impacts through designs comparing treatment and control groups for cash-for-work, cash plus agriculture/livestock/fishery interventions, and a transitional cash program. Data will be collected at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months to measure outcomes like resilience, food security, income diversification, self-efficacy, and social cohesion. The cash-for-work program will target over 11,000 households in IPC 3+ areas, prioritizing vulnerable groups, through paid work rehabilitating community infrastructure.
The presentation discusses Ghana's Integrated Social Services initiative, which aims to strengthen service delivery across sectors like health, child protection, and social protection to address multiple vulnerabilities faced by Ghanaians. It is being implemented in 6-9 districts initially and will scale up to reach 170 districts by 2023. The initiative promotes multi-sectoral referrals and an integrated approach to planning, budgeting, and reporting. It also seeks to build capacity in case management and strengthen cash transfer services for vulnerable populations.
This document outlines a cash plus program and expected outcomes in Mali. The program will provide cash transfers to Women's Savings Groups along with child-sensitive training and gender-sensitive technical assistance. This is expected to improve household consumption, child nutrition and health, women's empowerment, and savings group participation. The study design is a randomized controlled trial assigning 120 savings groups to cash plus services, services only, or control arms. Baseline data was collected from 1,747 women through surveys, finding most had no education, experienced violence, and lacked knowledge of key family practices. Follow up will occur in 2023 to measure outcomes.
The document summarizes a study being conducted in Kenya and Malawi to build evidence on inclusive climate action through combining social protection programs and agricultural support. In Kenya, a randomized control trial was conducted with 75 community-based organizations randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups. Group 1 receives individual grants, Group 2 receives group enterprise grants plus training, and Group 3 receives individual grants plus training. The study will measure outcomes to analyze the differential impacts of training versus no training and of individual grants versus group grants. The goal is to understand how integrating cash transfers, training, and collective action can impact livelihoods and build resilience to climate change.
Can Labour-constrained Households Graduate? Evidence from Two Studies in MalawiThe Transfer Project
Two studies in Malawi examined the long-term impacts of a Social Cash Transfer Program (SCTP). A 2013-2021 follow-up of early-entry and late-entry households found that while the early-entry households initially benefited more, the groups converged over time as the late-entry households caught up. A new 2022 baseline included households that exited the program, continuing beneficiaries, and new beneficiaries. While exited households had higher scores on measures like housing quality, they were still supporting orphans and elderly. Comparing exiting and continuing households found similar levels of non-farm enterprise engagement despite differences in screening scores. In sum, exiting the program may not truly reflect graduation from ultra-poverty.
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The best available, up-to-date information on all fishing and related vessels that appear on the illegal, unregulated, and unreported (IUU) fishing vessel lists published by Regional Fisheries Management Organisations (RFMOs) and related organisations. The aim of the site is to improve the effectiveness of the original IUU lists as a tool for a wide variety of stakeholders to better understand and combat illegal fishing and broader fisheries crime.
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Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT)
General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM)
Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC)
International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT)
Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC)
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (NAFO)
North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC)
North Pacific Fisheries Commission (NPFC)
South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (SEAFO)
South Pacific Regional Fisheries Management Organisation (SPRFMO)
Southern Indian Ocean Fisheries Agreement (SIOFA)
Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC)
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The Karnataka government, along with the central government’s Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY), offers various housing schemes to cater to the diverse needs of citizens across the state. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the major housing schemes available in the Karnataka housing board for both urban and rural areas in 2024.
Cash Transfers, Productive Investment & Child Work
1. unite for
children
Cash Transfers, Productive Investment,
and Child Work
Jacobus de Hoop
UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti & Transfer Project
April, 2019: Transfer Project Workshop
Malawi, Zambia quantitative findings: With Sudhanshu Handa, Valeria Groppo on behalf of evaluation teams
Malawi qualitative findings: With Susannah Zietz and Sudhanshu Handa
Tanzania quantitative findings: With Valeria Groppo on behalf of evaluation team
Tanzania qualitative findings: With Margaret Gichane and Stephanie Zuilkowski
2. 2
As we have seen, households invest cash transfers in
productive activities. What are the implications for children?
Do children support these activities? What does this mean
for their development and wellbeing?
This presentation:
1. Quantitative RCT evidence: Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia
2. Qualitative photovoice evidence: Malawi, Tanzania
3. 3
Children support expansion in household
entrepreneurial activities
Bars represent percentage point impacts. Children up to the age of 17 at endline.
33.9***
17.5***
26.9***
0
10
20
30
40
Malawi SCTP Tanzania PSSN Zambia MCP
Household owns livestock
6.8***
3.8*** 3.9***
0
2
4
6
8
Malawi SCTP Tanzania PSSN Zambia MCP
Child cares for livestock
4. 4
Similar patterns, but less pronounced, may be observed for
non-livestock agricultural activities and non-agricultural
business.
Adults too, increase work for the household enterprise.
Children may compensate by taking over their household
chores.
There can be offsetting effects. In some instances, children
reduce engagement in work outside the household for pay.
5. 5
Exposure to work-related hazards and participation in
work below the minimum working age may increase
Bars represent percentage point impacts. Hazards measured in line with UNICEF
MICS and Dayıoğlu (2012). Minimum working age set at 12, in line with ICLS
recommendations.
4.4**
0.009
0
2
4
6
Malawi SCTP Tanzania PSSN
Hazardous work
1.8
4.6**
4.9*
0
2
4
6
Malawi SCTP Tanzania PSSN Zambia MCP
Work below min. working age
6. 6
Other child wellbeing
indicators improve.
• Strong improvements in
education outcomes and
children’s material wellbeing
• No deterioration in health
outcomes
Malawi.
Photo of youth carrying bricks.
7. 7
Caregivers and children express nuanced views in
qualitative interviews.
Yes, economic needs can force children to work and drop
out of school. But...
• Cash transfers address these economic needs
• Caregivers express feelings of guilt and regret when this happens
Hazards and (in work outside the household) exposure to
poor treatment are commonly mentioned
12. 12
Works cited
Jacobus de Hoop, Valeria Groppo and Sudhanshu Handa. (Forthcoming).
“Cash Transfers, Microentrepreneurial Activity, and Child Work: Evidence
from Malawi and Zambia”. World Bank Economic Review.
Jacobus de Hoop, Margaret W. Gichane, Valeria Groppo, and Stephanie
Zuilkowski. (2019). Cash Transfers, Public Works, and Child Activities:
Mixed Methods Evidence from Tanzania. Mimeo.
Susannah Zietz, Jacobus de Hoop and Sudhanshu Handa. (2018). “The
Role of Productive Activities in the Lives of Adolescents: Photovoice
Evidence from Malawi” Children and Youth Services Review, 86: 246-255.
Editor's Notes
During qualitative interviews, caregivers and children commonly mention that child work and education may conflict. Caregivers, indicate that work at the expense of school comes with feelings of guild and regret.
46 year old caregiver Tanzania: “There is a time when household activities are too demanding that I need support from children”
Caregiver focus group participant Tanzania: “When parents own a big number of cows children are forced either to drop from school or not to attend school for some days so that they help to look after cattle”
Grandmother caregiver Malawi: “In my heart when I think deep I feel hurt that they are not supposed to do this.”
60-year old caregiver Tanzania: “I feel bad when children engage in production activities because instead of them working in wage labor or charcoal production they are supposed to be in school studying for the benefit of their future. I allow my children to participate in productive activities because of poverty.”
Hazards are common:
Female youth, Tanzania: “I am scared during harvesting season especially when harvesting maize because many snakes hide in the leaves of maize and you cannot see them easily so you may be injured unexpectedly”
Caregiver, Malawi: “Harvesting the sweet potatoes involves the digging of the ridges that to get to the tuber crop. This make the dust and cause him to get sick with a cough.”
Child focus group participant, Tanzania: “I have seen children abused by landlords when engaged in casual works in the farms example during weeding activities, the land lord abuses children and sometimes refuse to pay them their money after they have completed the work”