The document provides a comprehensive guide on capsicum cultivation in polyhouses, detailing the processes involved including soil preparation, transplanting, pruning, irrigation, and fertigation methods. It highlights the nutritional benefits of capsicum, common pests and diseases, and economic aspects such as cost of cultivation and expected returns. Key recommendations emphasize soil quality, irrigation techniques, and careful management of nutrients to achieve optimal yields.

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Table of Contents
Capsicum cultivation Process
Soil texture required for capsicum cultivation
Bed preparation for capsicum cultivation
Capsicum Cultivation Transplanting
Capsicum cultivation Pruning
Irrigation
Fertigation for capsicum cultivation
Method of Giving Fertigation:
Harvesting of Capsicum
Disease/ pest in capsicum
Disease
Capsicum Cultivation Economic:
Capsicum cultivation Process
Capsicum is an important commercial vegetable crop, also known as sweet pepper, bell
pepper or Shimla Mirch. this plants grown throughout the world.
This crop is a cold season crop, but capsicum cultivated through the year using polyhouse.
Capsicum is a rich source of vitamin A, vitamin C and mineral calcium (13.4 mg),
magnesium (14.9 mg) of phosphorus (28.3 mg) of potassium (263.7 mg) per 100 grams of
fresh capsicum fruit weight.
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2. Soil texture required for capsicum cultivation
Selection of soil is an important decision. soil selection for capsicum cultivation following
point should be considered:
The pH of the soil should be between 6.0 to 6.5
The salinity level of the soil should not be more than 1 ms/cm, Therefore, as soon as
you select the site, analyze the soil for further improvement.
The soil should be highly porous and should be well drained so that the roots can be
improved and the better penetration of the roots.
Bed preparation for capsicum cultivation
Height: 1 foot (30 centimeters)
width: 3 feet (90 centimeters)
Between beds: 2 feet (60 centimeters)
Capsicum Cultivation Transplanting
Plant transplant in soil without disturbing the root ball. two rows planted on a single bed
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3. plant to plant distance 45 to 50 cm
row to row distance 50 cm
After plantation, maintain moisture 80-90% For the protection of plants, from 2 to 3 weeks.
Capsicum cultivation Pruning
Capsicum plants are cut to maintain four stems. The tip of the plant is divided into two on
the 5 or 6 nodes and left to grow. These two branches have again increased in two
branches.
The tip on each node is divided by giving a strong branch and one weak branch. Pruning is
done after 30 days at an interval of 8 to 10 days, resulting in bigger fruits with better quality
and higher productivity.
Capsicum plants can also be harvested for two stems, and the same level of yield can be
maintained.
Irrigation
To reduce the pH of water, add the acid in the water tank, then use water for irrigation and
sprinkling.
1. Immediately after plantation, irrigation required to start the first shower is required to
use after some days drip irrigation use this will help for uniform root development of
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4. a plant,
2. Usually, a dripper per plant is required. Depending on the season, drip irrigation is
given to provide 2-4 liters of water per square meter. In hot summer, a fogger can be
used to maintain the air humidity.
3. Inspect the soil column for irrigation and visually check the soil moisture content.
After this, determine the amount of irrigation required
4. During the summer season, apply water to the edges of the bed repeatedly by using
the shower to reduce the loss of evaporator. For this purpose, provision for water
outlet (1 “diameter pipe) inside the Greenhouse should be made.
5. Always pour the plant water from noon.
6. Relative humidity of air should not be more than 90 – 92 percent because it is
inclined to disturb the fruit.
7. Always use fresh water for irrigation. Do not store water for 4 to 5 days.
Fertigation for capsicum cultivation
1. fertigation is applicable after three weeks of vegetation phase N: P: K: 1: 1: 1 (e.g.,
19: 19: 19 ) at 0.4 g During the vegetation phase, preferably for every 45-60 alternate
days with for better leaves
2. after 60 days start, N: P: K 2: 1: 4 (e.g., N: P: k: 15: 8: 35) at 0.4 g / 2.2 ms/cm more
flower and better fruit quality with each alternate day EC.
3. Fertilization and yield often in small quantities for optimal results. However, always
take care to meet the crop requirement.
4. Micronutrients (e.g., combi II, Microscope B, Rexolin, Sequel and Mahabrexil @ 40
gram per 1000 liters of water) should be given daily or weekly according to the
symptoms.
5. To maintain proper C: N ratio, add organic manure with EC with less than 2 ms/cm at
every three months interval.
6. Determine the expansion of soil every two to three months to determine specific
plants.
Method of Giving Fertigation:
Fertigation should be given at 6-8 AM in the morning for better use of plants. Collect the
recommended amount of fertilizers and dissolve them the sufficient volume of water.
If the pH of plain water is used then on the higher side, then using acids, make it 6 to 6.5. It
should be added to water at least 12 hours before using it.
Fertilizers are required to maintain EC’s EC with the recommended amount of water.
Therefore, operate the drip system for the prescribed period. After every seven days, Open
Flash valves clean the fertigation system from time to time
Harvesting of Capsicum
Harvesting of capsicum fruit start after 80-90 days from transplanting; best time for
harvesting is in the morning. Fruits can be cut once in 3 to 4 days. Yellow and red fruits
can be harvested when they receive 50-80 percent of the color development
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5. Disease/ pest in capsicum
Aphids:
nymph and adult suck sap from the plant leaves, resulting in the decreased yield and plant
growth.
Thrips:
Thrips cause upper curling of leaves, sucks, and sap from leaf due to which The decrease
in the size of the foliage, fruits, and plants, production of fruits reduce and reduce the
market value of production.
Whitefly
Due to excessive sucking damage (plant juice) and
transmitting many viruses
Fruit Borer:
Fruit borers are very active during the night. They damage
fruit & decrease the quality of production
nematode:
Stunted growth, Yellowing of leaves, is due to Root-knot
nematode.Muddy water During the rainy season
is favorable for nematode growth.
Disease
Damping off:
The transition occurs from the young plants above the ground level, which leads to disease
of seeds and later to die. Planting may occur due to any damage during transplantation.
Powdery mildew:
The disease initially appears on the surface of the leaves as yellowish brown spots and
powder-like material on the lower surface, thereby increasing the powder, which covers the
entire surface of the lower surface, which can be dried and dried in later stages drop-offs.
This disease reduces the development of leaves and fruits, thereby reducing the quality and
quality of production.
cercospora leaf place
Elegantly appears on the surface of the leaves as a yellowish yellow color, which contains
sharp dark brown spots, which spread on the entire leaf, resulting in leaves falling.
Phytophthora
during flowering and fruiting, phaseDiseases is seen.
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6. Viral Disease:
aphids and thrips transmit Viral diseases
Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV):
Transmission through Aphids due to which Loss of production, low-quality products
Potato Y Virus (PYV)
Transfer through Aphids due to which leads to the production and quality products
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)
Transmission via thrips, Damage: Fruit loss of plant and low production
Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)
Mechanically infected virus (hand, cloth, device water, soil, etc.)
reduce production, quality of product decrease
Capsicum Cultivation Economic:
Capsicum Cultivation Economic in 2008 sq/ meter (20 gunta)
Particular Details Amount
Area of Polyhouse 2008 square/meter
Polyhouse Construction Polyhous as per NHB norms,
GI pipe structure & imported
plastic @ Rs. 750 / per Sq. mtr.
1,506,000
Irrigation System Drip Irrigation system for plants
Fertigation unit, Water
Filtration unit
188,000
Bed Preparation Bed prepared
with Red Soil, Rice Husk,
FYM, Sand, etc.
180,000
Plants Plant Density:
3.75 plants/Sq.Mtr.
Total No. of Plants:
7530 Nos.
Cost per Plant:
Rs.12/plant
90,360
Total Investment 1,964,360
cost of cultivation per year
Electricity 3.0 unit/day 50,000
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7. Water requirement Approximate per year 50,000
Fertilizers Water Soluble Fertilizers 60,000
Labour 3- 4 labours per day 250,000
Crop Protection Spraying 60,000
Packing Material
Transport,Sales
Commission
Packing material,and
transport
162,000
Miscellaneous Maintenance, Depreciation 226,800
Subtotal 858,800
Returns Per Year
Yield / Plant / Year 4 kg 30,120
Price per Kg avg price 45 Rs
Total Returns Per Year 1,355,400
Cost of Cultivation Per Year 858,800
Net Return Per Year 496,600
Disclaimer: (The above calculations are indicative only.)
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