CANSA Men's Health slideshow 2018

www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
072 197 9305
071 867 3530
English,
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#MensHealth
November 2018
AFFECTING MEN IN SA
THE BIG 5 CANCERS

CANSA Urges Men
Not to Delay Screening
 Knowledge is power and can change the lives of men
drastically if they are aware of early warning signs and
symptoms of male cancers
 CANSA highlights symptoms, in the hope that men will not
delay screening
 It’s of great concern that the number of men being
diagnosed with late stage cancer is on the rise
 Men need to be pro-active about their health and should
recognise warning signs
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22 The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA

CANSA Urges Men
Not to Delay Screening
 We encourage monthly testicular self-examinations, annual
medical check-ups and cancer screening for early detection,
as symptoms don’t always present
until cancer has spread
 Men also need to lead an active,
healthy, balanced lifestyle, cutting out
lifestyle factors that increase their
cancer risk
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA

www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Prostate Cancer - Symptoms
The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
1 in 19* SA men will develop prostate cancer
 Prostate cancer often occurs without any symptoms
 Symptoms more likely if advanced:
 Frequent urination, esp at night
 Straining to pass urine
 Painful or burning sensation during
urination or ejaculation
 Leaking urine
 Bloody urine/semen
 Advanced cancer can cause deep
pain in lower back, hips/upper thighs
Watch video: Jereme Prins, Prostate Cancer
Survivor Encourages Early Screening & Support
*National Cancer Registry 2014

www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Prostate Cancer – Reduce the Risk
The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
 Some risk factors such as race, family history, age can’t be helped
 Eat a healthy diet:
 Men who eat a lot of red meat or high-fat dairy products
appear to have a slightly higher risk
 High alcohol intake increases risk
 Maintain a healthy weight
 Use of steroids influences development of prostate cancer
 Avoid smoking
TREATMENT & PROGNOSIS: Treatment depends on age and how aggressive the
cancer is. Options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy & hormonal
therapy. The prognosis for prostate cancer is good if diagnosed early and treated.

Prostate Cancer – Screening
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Contact your local CANSA Care Centre for information on
and bookings for Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) screening
The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
 Screening is done with a blood test called the Prostate Specific Antigen
(PSA) test - blood test to help detect
prostate abnormalities
 CANSA recommends talking to doctor
about screening by age 50, or sooner if
you have a family history
 The PSA test is often combined with a
digital rectal exam, done by a doctor

Colorectal Cancer – Reduce the Risk
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
1 in 79* SA men will develop colorectal cancer
Go for cancer
screenings
Eat a healthy
diet
Exercise
regularly
Maintain healthy
weight
Do not
smoke
Avoid
alcohol
Screening:
 Go for regular colon
screening tests such as a
colonoscopy or a
sigmoidoscopy from age
50 - every 10 years
 Some CANSA Care
Centres offer faecal
occult blood tests
(positive results require a
referral to a doctor)

www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
Colorectal Cancer – Signs, Symptoms
(You can have early colorectal cancer without symptoms)
 Change in bowel habits
 A feeling that the bowel doesn’t empty completely
 Rectal bleeding
 Stomach pain
 Weakness
 Unexplained weight loss
Treatment & Prognosis: Treatment depends on how far the cancer has advanced.
Treatment may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination of these
therapies. Prognosis also depends on how far the cancer has advanced. For early (stage I)
cancer of the colon or rectum, the five year survival is about 75%

Lung Cancer - Symptoms
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
You can have lung cancer before symptoms develop.
 Shortness of breath
 Cough
 Coughing up blood
 Chest pains
 Noisy breathing
 Feeling very tired all the time
The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
Treatment & Prognosis: Treatment depends on the type of cancer, its location and how
advanced it is. Options involve surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or a combination.
Prognosis depends on whether the cancer has spread.
For cancers that have not spread, the five-year survival rate is about 50%
1 in 80* SA men will develop lung cancer

Lung Cancer
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Screening
 Examining the lungs with a fiberoptic telescope
 Sampling sputum to look for cancer cells
 Doing a CT scan
 If you are older than 50 and have a history of smoking or
have Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease (COPD), talk to
your doctor about screening
The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
Lowering of Risk
 It is estimated that risk for lung cancer can be lowered in 90% of cases
through action and awareness
 Smoking accounts for majority of preventable lung cancers, but non-smokers
can take action to lower their risk as well
 Best way to prevent lung cancer is to not smoke & avoid second hand smoke

Kaposi Sarcoma (KS)
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
1 in 320* SA men will develop Kaposi Sarcoma
KS is a cancer that causes patches of abnormal tissue to grow under
the skin, in the lining of the mouth, nose and throat or in other organs
Symptoms
 Skin lesions (pink to brown, brown-red or reddish purple)
 A raised or slightly raised bump (nodule) or a flat area
on the skin
 Swelling in the arms, legs and elsewhere due to KS causes
damage to lymph vessels
 Lung, stomach and bowel problems
 Anaemia, as the lesions occasionally bleed slowly
 Before the HIV/AIDS epidemic, KS usually developed slowly.
In HIV/AIDS patients though, the disease moves quickly *National Cancer Registry 2014

Kaposi Sarcoma (KS)
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
Reduce the Risk
Avoid known risk factors that raise risk of
HIV infection:
 Risky sexual practices, such as having
unprotected sex
 Using intravenous (IV) needles that have
been used by someone else
Screening
To be sure that a lesion is caused
by KS, the doctor will do a biopsy
to take a small sample of tissue
from the lesion and send it to a
laboratory to be analysed.
Treatment & Prognosis:
• Treatment can be difficult due to immunosuppressed state of many of people affected.
• The doctor will recommend treatment based on patient’s general health, on where the
lesions are, how extensive they are and how many there are.
• For people with AIDS, anti-HIV medications are used against the virus. This can improve the
person’s overall health and help treat KS.
• Outlook for KS depends on the form of the disease.
• About one-third of people with classic KS develop another cancer which can be fatal.

 Blood in your urine
 Blood may change colour of
urine or show up as blood
clots
 Needing to urinate
frequently
 Burning pain when
urinating
 Biggest risk factor is smoking
— it doubles your risk
 Having a family history of
bladder cancer
 Being older than 55
Bladder Cancer
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Signs & Symptoms
The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
Risk Factors
1 in 152* SA men will develop bladder cancer

 Tell your doctor if you
have any symptoms or
are at a high risk
 Investigations are done
based on symptoms
 Tests may include
cystoscopy, biopsy,
laboratory & imaging
tests
 Surgery is the most common
treatment
 Additional treatments may include:
 administering drugs directly into
the bladder
 chemotherapy
 radiation therapy
 Like all cancers, prognosis depends
on finding the cancer early
 For stage I bladder cancer, the 5-year
survival rate is about 90%
Bladder Cancer
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Screening
The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
Treatment & Prognosis

Testicular Cancer
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
1 in 2084* SA men will develop Testicular cancer
Testicular cancer is a common cancer in men
between the ages of 15-49
Risk Factors
 Having had an undescended testicle
 Family history of testicular cancer
 HIV infection
 Personal history of testicular cancer
 Age group

Testicular Cancer
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
Like any other part of the body,
the testicles can be affected by
various conditions and
diseases, which can lead to
symptoms:
 Lumps (Masses)
 Swelling
 Pain
 Diagnosis of testicular
cancer is done on presence
of symptoms followed by
physical examination and
laboratory & diagnostic
tests
 Survival is good if detected
and treated early
Symptoms Treatment and Prognosis

Testicular Cancer
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
 The testicular self-examination
(TSE) is an easy way for guys
to check their own testicles to
make sure there aren't any
unusual lumps or bumps —
which can be the first sign of
testicular cancer
 Try to do a TSE every month
so you can become familiar
with the normal size and shape
of your testicles, making it
easier to tell if something feels
different or abnormal in future
Cup one testicle at a time using
both hands - best performed
during or after a warm bath or
shower
Examine by rolling the
testicle between thumb and
fingers - use slight pressure
Familiarise yourself with the
spermatic cord and epididymis -
tube like structures that connect on
the back side of each testicle
Feel for lumps, change in size
or irregularities – it’s normal
for one testis to be slightly
larger than the other

Testicular Cancer
Testi-monials
 Testi-monials, a campaign created by FCB
Cape Town for CANSA which is setting out to remove the awkwardness
around talking about testicular cancer, and drive awareness about how
important it is that men not only talk balls but take care of them too
 The campaign features testicles giving their own testi-monials about
cancer and how they have been personally affected. They will give
advice on how to self-examine and help detect signs and symptoms
testimonials.co.za
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA

 CANSA also rolls out the
‘MANVan’ initiative through
funds raised from the Hollard
Daredevil event
 This mobile health clinic
provides free health checks,
and support programmes,
as well as raising awareness of
male-specific cancers
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA
MANVan

 CANSA encourages men to look after their health to reduce the risk of
male cancers
 CANSA ensures that South African men have access to valuable and
potentially life saving information and screening tests
 CANSA offers screening for men at its CANSA Care Centres:
 Blood test called the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) test to detect any prostate
abnormalities
 Colorectal screening - Faecal occult blood test that look for microscopic blood in the
faeces, which may be sign of a growth, inflammation/bleeding in digestive system
 Access CANSA’s Fact Sheets on all cancers affecting men in SA at this link:
http://www.cansa.org.za/what-cansa-believes/
What is CANSA doing to help?
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA

 CANSA is funding a study conducted by Prof Riana
Bornman (University Pretoria) that will contribute to
the understanding of prostate cancer risk, disease
progression and outcomes specifically in the
South African population
 We also coordinate the IRONMAN: International
Registry for Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer
study, funded by Movember and sponsored by the
Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium. It’s a large
global study of 5 000 men, evaluating the treatment
and patient-reported outcomes for men with
advanced prostate cancer, to determine the best
way of managing advanced prostate cancer
CANSA Research on Men’s Health
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA

Help CANSA expand its cancer screening & educational
programmes, please consider making a
donation at any of our CANSA Care
Centres country-wide
or Online at
http://www.cansa.org.za/personal-donation-options/
or Make a donation via
Snapscan or Zapper apps
on your smartphone:
What can you do to help?
www.cansa.org.za
Affecting Men in SA

The Big 5 Cancers
Affecting Men in SA
www.cansa.org.za
Toll free 0800 22 66 22
Disclaimer:
Whilst the Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA) has taken every precaution in
compiling this presentation, neither it, nor any contributor(s) to this presentation can be
held responsible for any action (or the lack thereof) taken by any person or organisation
wherever they shall be based, as a result, direct or otherwise, of information contained in,
or accessed through, this presentation.

CANSA Men's Health slideshow 2018

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CANSA Men's Health slideshow 2018