This document describes the different types of candles and materials used in candle making. It outlines pillar candles, floating candles, votive candles, tapers, container candles, tealights, gel candles, specialty candles, and liquid candles. The main materials used are paraffin wax, polystyrene wax, dyes, crystal wax, and wicks. It provides safety tips for melting wax and heating it such as never leaving it unattended and keeping it away from open flames.

2. • Is an ignitable wick
embedded in wax or another
flammable solid substance
such as tallow that provides
light, and in some cases, a
fragrance

4. Pillar Candle
Are solid
and self
standing.

5. Floating Candles
• have a low,
stable profile
and are
designed to
float on water.

6. Votive Candle
• They are burned
safely in small,
heat resistant,
glass containers to
control the
liquefied wax as
the candles burn.

7. Tapers or Dinner Candle

8. Container or Filled Candle
• are non-
flammable,
heat resistant
containers
which are filled
with wax
and wick.

9. Tealight Candle
• These small
filled candles
are used in
food warmers
or as candles
in a tealight
holder.

10. Gel Candles
• are produced
from gelled
mineral oils or
gelled,
synthetic
hydrocarbons.

11. Specialty Candle
May be
found in any
three
dimensional
shape
imaginable.

12. Liquid Candles
Are small,
often
disposable oil
lamps.

13. MATERIALS IN
CANDLE
MAKING

14. PARAFFIN WAX
Is usually solid at crafts shops in
blocks

15. BOILER
It is safer to melt paraffin in a
double boiler

16. POLYSTYRENE WAX
Making the candles harder

17. DYES
It is added to achieve various
color of candle

18. CRYSTAL WAX
To achieve a shinny or
glossy effect of candle

19. WICKS
Are made of braided cotton
and come in three diameters

20. SAFETY
TIPS

21. NEVER
leave melting
wax
unattended.
NEVER over
heat wax.
Know the
flash point of
your wax
(usually about
375 degrees
F. for paraffin)

22. ALWAYS
keep wax away
from open
flames - it is
flammable
ALWAYS
use a
thermometer

23. ALWAYS use a
double boiler.
Temperatures up
to 200 degrees
F. can be
achieved this
way
NEVER put
water on a
wax fire.

24. ALWAYS keep a
pot lid, and a dry
chemical (ABC
Type) fire
extinguisher
handy when
heating wax.
ALWAYS use a
pot holder or pliers
when handling hot
pots or cans.

25. Wear
loose
clothing.
Don't pour wax
down the drain
unless you
want an
expensive visit
from your
plumber.

26. • NEVER let candle
making get so
routine that you get
careless.