This document provides a summary of the history of California from the late 19th century to the 1940s. It discusses the development of statewide water systems through dams and aqueducts, the growth of cities and industries, economic booms and busts, the rise of labor movements and strikes, population changes, and California's role in World War 2 including the internment of Japanese Americans. Major topics covered include the expansion of infrastructure for water, transportation, and construction; the rise of the film industry in Hollywood; impacts of the Great Depression and New Deal; and social tensions during World War 2.
This document summarizes the creation of infrastructure in California across three parts. Part 1 discusses early water infrastructure projects in the late 19th century, including irrigation systems and tapping rivers. It also notes the environmental impacts of these projects. Part 2 outlines the growth of universities, cities, and industries in California from 1900-1930, as well as major construction projects. Part 3 describes the racial demographics of California in this time period, including the growth of the Mexican American and African American populations.
In 1898, the United States asserted itself as a world power through military expansion and imperialism. This watershed year saw the U.S. annex Hawaii, defeat Spain in the Spanish-American War, and gain control of Cuba, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. The U.S. victory over Spain's outdated navy demonstrated America's emergence as a modern naval power and triggered the nation's rise on the global stage.
Jose Marti was a Cuban poet who fought for independence from Spain in the late 1800s. In 1894, he attempted a revolution against Spanish rule but was killed early in the uprising. The insurrection failed and Cuba would not gain independence until after the Spanish-American War of 1898.
This document provides background on Cuba under Fidel Castro's rule after he took power in 1959. It discusses Castro's background and rise to power by overthrowing Fulgencio Batista. After becoming leader, Castro implemented socialist policies like land reforms, nationalized industries, and strengthened ties with the Soviet Union. The economy struggled after initially improving wages and eliminating unemployment. Castro suppressed opposition and tightly controlled culture, religion, and the press. Women and Afro-Cubans saw improved social and economic rights under Castro's leadership.
The document summarizes colonial society in the period leading up to the American Revolution from 1720-1763. It discusses the series of wars between Britain, France, and Spain for control of North America, culminating in the French and Indian War from 1754-1763. As a result of their victory, the British gained control of French territory east of the Mississippi River but also incurred large war debts. This led the British to pass new taxes and laws to raise revenue from the American colonies, increasing tensions and eventually causing the colonists to begin resisting and challenging British authority, laying the groundwork for the American Revolution.
The document provides instructions for students to create a digital poster highlighting an episode of US imperialism between the 1850s and 1930s. Students can choose between creating a tourism poster or movie poster format. The poster must include a catchy title, main roles, the US president at the time, and date of the historical event chosen from a list of 29 options covering instances of US military intervention in Latin America and the Pacific during this era. Students are to share the completed poster on Google Classroom by a Tuesday deadline.
Fidel Castro overthrew the corrupt dictator Fulgencio Batista in the Cuban Revolution and installed a communist government. He nationalized private property, collectivized farms, increased education and healthcare, but also eliminated elections and disregarded human rights. This alienated the middle class. The U.S. tried to overthrow Castro through the failed Bay of Pigs invasion and imposed an embargo on Cuba, leading to economic hardship. Many Cubans fled the country by boat as refugees.
This document summarizes the creation of infrastructure in California across three parts. Part 1 discusses early water infrastructure projects in the late 19th century, including irrigation systems and tapping rivers. It also notes the environmental impacts of these projects. Part 2 outlines the growth of universities, cities, and industries in California from 1900-1930, as well as major construction projects. Part 3 describes the racial demographics of California in this time period, including the growth of the Mexican American and African American populations.
In 1898, the United States asserted itself as a world power through military expansion and imperialism. This watershed year saw the U.S. annex Hawaii, defeat Spain in the Spanish-American War, and gain control of Cuba, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. The U.S. victory over Spain's outdated navy demonstrated America's emergence as a modern naval power and triggered the nation's rise on the global stage.
Jose Marti was a Cuban poet who fought for independence from Spain in the late 1800s. In 1894, he attempted a revolution against Spanish rule but was killed early in the uprising. The insurrection failed and Cuba would not gain independence until after the Spanish-American War of 1898.
This document provides background on Cuba under Fidel Castro's rule after he took power in 1959. It discusses Castro's background and rise to power by overthrowing Fulgencio Batista. After becoming leader, Castro implemented socialist policies like land reforms, nationalized industries, and strengthened ties with the Soviet Union. The economy struggled after initially improving wages and eliminating unemployment. Castro suppressed opposition and tightly controlled culture, religion, and the press. Women and Afro-Cubans saw improved social and economic rights under Castro's leadership.
The document summarizes colonial society in the period leading up to the American Revolution from 1720-1763. It discusses the series of wars between Britain, France, and Spain for control of North America, culminating in the French and Indian War from 1754-1763. As a result of their victory, the British gained control of French territory east of the Mississippi River but also incurred large war debts. This led the British to pass new taxes and laws to raise revenue from the American colonies, increasing tensions and eventually causing the colonists to begin resisting and challenging British authority, laying the groundwork for the American Revolution.
The document provides instructions for students to create a digital poster highlighting an episode of US imperialism between the 1850s and 1930s. Students can choose between creating a tourism poster or movie poster format. The poster must include a catchy title, main roles, the US president at the time, and date of the historical event chosen from a list of 29 options covering instances of US military intervention in Latin America and the Pacific during this era. Students are to share the completed poster on Google Classroom by a Tuesday deadline.
Fidel Castro overthrew the corrupt dictator Fulgencio Batista in the Cuban Revolution and installed a communist government. He nationalized private property, collectivized farms, increased education and healthcare, but also eliminated elections and disregarded human rights. This alienated the middle class. The U.S. tried to overthrow Castro through the failed Bay of Pigs invasion and imposed an embargo on Cuba, leading to economic hardship. Many Cubans fled the country by boat as refugees.
The document provides an overview of several key events and developments that occurred during the 1920s in the United States, known as the "Roaring 20s". It discusses the stock market crash of 1929, prohibition and the rise of organized crime, the formation of the NFL, the 1923 World Series, the growth of radio entertainment, trends in music such as jazz, the life and work of Albert Einstein, and the rise in popularity of automobiles during the decade.
The Cuban Revolution occurred from 1953 to 1959 when Fidel Castro and other revolutionaries overthrew the authoritarian regime of Fulgencio Batista. Key events included Castro's failed attack on the Moncada Barracks in 1953, which launched the revolution, his exile in Mexico and training of rebel fighters, and his return to Cuba to wage a guerrilla war against Batista's forces in the mountains. By 1958, Castro's forces had gained control over large parts of the countryside and major cities. Batista fled Cuba on January 1, 1959, bringing the revolution to a successful end.
The document provides an overview of life and culture in America in the 1920s, known as the Roaring Twenties. After World War I, the US experienced a period of isolationism under Republican leadership. Warren G. Harding was elected president in 1920 on a platform of "normalcy" and reducing taxes and regulations. However, his administration became embroiled in scandals like the Teapot Dome affair. Calvin Coolidge succeeded Harding and pursued business-friendly policies as America embraced consumerism fueled by the automobile industry. Cultural conflicts arose from immigration restrictions, the Red Scare, racial tensions like the rise of the Ku Klux Klan, and the Sacco and Vanzetti case.
American imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th century was driven by four main factors:
1) Business interests seeking new markets and raw materials as industrial capacity grew.
2) A belief in social Darwinism and the white man's burden to civilize other races.
3) The closing of the American frontier increasing the focus outward.
4) Growing military and strategic interests to secure new naval bases and protect business investments abroad.
This led the U.S. to aggressively expand its influence and territory through wars in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines as well as political and economic dominance in Latin America and Asia through the early 1900s.
The Roaring Twenties was a decade of social and economic change in the United States following World War 1. President Warren G. Harding promised a "return to normalcy" and supported pro-business policies. However, his administration was plagued by corruption scandals. His successor, Calvin Coolidge, restored integrity but continued laissez-faire economics. The average income rose 35% during the decade, fueled by installment plans, national advertising, and labor-saving devices. Cultural changes included the flapper era of greater freedom for women, the rise of the automobile, radio, and African American culture like jazz. However, Prohibition failed as organized crime profited from bootlegging alcohol.
Module 5 american-yawp-the-sixties.htmlthe american yawp the siPOLY33
The document provides a summary of key political and social events in the 1960s United States, focusing on foreign policy challenges with Cuba and the ongoing civil rights movement. Some of the major events discussed include the Cuban Revolution and failed Bay of Pigs invasion, the Cuban Missile Crisis, ongoing civil rights protests and acts of resistance including the Freedom Rides and March on Washington, and the passage of the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 under President Lyndon B. Johnson.
The 1920s in America saw significant social and cultural changes following World War I. The Republican administrations of Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge promoted business interests and a return to "normalcy." However, the Teapot Dome Scandal tarnished Harding's presidency. Women gained new freedoms in the 1920s as flappers challenged traditional gender norms, but still faced workplace discrimination. Prohibition sparked growth in organized crime as gangsters profited from bootlegging alcohol, despite government failure to enforce the law which was later repealed. Urbanization and the Great Migration of African Americans to northern cities also transformed American society in the 1920s.
The document discusses several topics related to 19th century Americas:
1) The quest for wealth brought immigrants to the Americas, increasing diversity. Independence from Europe was a major theme, achieved through war for the US and fears of encroachment for Canada.
2) Latin America gained independence from Spain and Portugal but then experienced political turbulence as new leaders lacked experience in self-governance.
3) The Little Ice Age from 1300s-1850s caused global famine and death through cold temperatures and failed crops. Immigrants brought cultural traditions like beer to America.
California invested heavily in infrastructure projects beginning in the 1890s, including dams, aqueducts and reservoirs to support growth. Major projects like the Los Angeles aqueduct and Hetch Hetchy system for San Francisco took years to complete. As the state grew, it attracted many migrant workers and struggled with labor issues. During World War 2, fears of Japanese spies led to the internment of Japanese Americans, supported by California politicians.
The Cuban Revolution from 1953 to 1959 overthrew the US-backed Batista regime and established a communist government led by Fidel Castro. Castro led a guerrilla uprising against Batista from the Sierra Maestra mountains. By 1958, Batista had lost support and fled Cuba on New Year's Day 1959. Castro then took control of the new Cuban government and began nationalizing foreign-owned businesses, straining relations with the US. This led to a US trade embargo and Cuba aligning with the Soviet Union, escalating tensions during the Cold War.
The document provides background information on several historical events and periods:
1) It discusses the 19th century Americas, including the Gold Rush that brought many migrants to the US for economic opportunities.
2) It covers the independence movements and establishment of governments in the US, Canada, and Latin America between the 18th-19th centuries.
3) It describes the Little Ice Age period in the 17th century and some potential causes like volcanic eruptions and changes in solar activity.
The document provides background information on several historical events and periods:
1) It discusses the 19th century Americas, including the Gold Rush that brought many migrants to the US for economic opportunities.
2) It covers the independence movements and establishment of governments in the US, Canada, and Latin America between the 18th-19th centuries.
3) It describes the Little Ice Age period in the 17th century and some potential causes like volcanic eruptions and changes in solar activity.
United States History Ch. 12 Section 2 Notesskorbar7
The document discusses the impact of the Great Depression in the United States. It led to widespread unemployment in cities, with many relying on bread lines for food. Rural areas were also deeply affected, with many farmers losing their land and over 1 million becoming tenant farmers between 1930-1934. The Dust Bowl destroyed millions of acres of farmland in the Great Plains, forcing many farmers nicknamed "Okies" to leave their homes in search of work. The Depression had profound social impacts as well, including falling birth rates, family breakdowns, and increased hardships for minorities.
1. The document outlines factors that led the US to abandon isolationism and pursue imperialism in the late 1800s, including economic incentives to obtain raw materials and new markets. Influential figures like Mahan and Turner urged overseas expansion.
2. The US began expanding its territory and influence globally through the purchase of Alaska in 1867 and involvement in Hawaii culminating in its annexation in 1898.
3. By the 1890s the US had become a world power through imperialistic acquisitions and the Spanish-American War of 1898 which gave it control of territories like the Philippines and Puerto Rico.
World War II had major domestic and global impacts. In the US, it led to increased government intervention in the economy through acts like Lend-Lease and mobilization of citizens for the war effort. The US entered the war after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Key battles included Midway in the Pacific, which marked a turning point, and D-Day in Europe. The Manhattan Project developed the atomic bomb, which the US dropped on Japan, hastening the end of the war. Roosevelt issued executive orders to address civil rights issues and intern Japanese Americans during the war.
The Japanese Internments saw approximately 120,000 Japanese Americans forcibly relocated and interned in camps during World War II. This was in response to the bombing of Pearl Harbor by Japanese forces in 1941, after which President Roosevelt issued an executive order allowing for exclusion zones and internment. Japanese Americans were held in poor conditions in internment camps until 1945, when internees were released with little support. In later decades, Japanese American advocacy groups pursued redress for the injustice of the internments, culminating in presidential apologies and reparations being issued in the 1980s and 1990s.
Fidel Castro led a revolutionary movement against Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista from 1953 to 1959. Castro and a small group of rebels attacked military barracks in 1953 but were imprisoned. Castro was released in 1955 and went into exile in Mexico, where he trained a guerrilla army. In 1956, Castro and his rebels landed in Cuba and began a guerrilla war against Batista's government from the mountains. By 1958, Castro's forces had grown significantly while support for Batista collapsed. The rebels captured Santa Clara that year, and on January 1, 1959 marched into Havana and took control of the country, leading to Castro becoming the new ruler of Cuba.
Fidel Castro led an unsuccessful attack on the Moncada army barracks in 1953 in an attempt to overthrow the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista. Castro and his followers were captured and imprisoned but released in 1955. Castro then went into exile in Mexico where he organized a rebel army to launch a revolution. In 1959, Castro marched into Havana as Batista fled the country. Castro established a new government but it eventually became a repressive dictatorship. The Cuban economy struggled in the early 1960s due to Castro's policies.
1) In the late 19th/early 20th century, California developed extensive water infrastructure like canals and reservoirs to transport water from northern to southern California and irrigate the dry lands, enabling population growth.
2) Labor unions formed in the late 19th century to fight for workers' rights, with some utilizing more radical strategies, though they faced resistance from employers.
3) During World War 2, California's economy and population boomed as its military bases and aircraft industry expanded greatly, though Japanese Americans faced internment following Pearl Harbor.
This document discusses the history of California across several topics:
- Geology and conservation efforts in the 1800s included geological surveys and the establishment of Yosemite National Park.
- Technology development included advances in electronics, computing, aviation, astronomy, film, and other areas, with many innovations originating in California.
- California's population became highly diverse due to immigration during the Gold Rush and later waves from Asia, Latin America, and other regions. However, racial tensions and policies of exclusion persisted for decades.
- Music, art, literature, outdoor recreation and other cultural aspects were shaped by the environment and demographic changes in California.
- Chapter 7 discusses the construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct between 1905-1913, which brought water 235 miles from the Owens Valley to LA and was celebrated at its completion by a crowd of 30,000-40,000 people.
- Southern California society in the early 20th century was divided into three groups: oligarchs (wealthy families), babbits (newly arrived middle class), and folks (white Anglo-Saxon Protestants from the Midwest making up the working class).
- Chapter 8 discusses how the development of irrigation districts and railroads in the late 19th century accelerated California's growth as an agricultural state, relying on seasonal and migratory labor, mainly single white and Chinese men.
The document provides an overview of several key events and developments that occurred during the 1920s in the United States, known as the "Roaring 20s". It discusses the stock market crash of 1929, prohibition and the rise of organized crime, the formation of the NFL, the 1923 World Series, the growth of radio entertainment, trends in music such as jazz, the life and work of Albert Einstein, and the rise in popularity of automobiles during the decade.
The Cuban Revolution occurred from 1953 to 1959 when Fidel Castro and other revolutionaries overthrew the authoritarian regime of Fulgencio Batista. Key events included Castro's failed attack on the Moncada Barracks in 1953, which launched the revolution, his exile in Mexico and training of rebel fighters, and his return to Cuba to wage a guerrilla war against Batista's forces in the mountains. By 1958, Castro's forces had gained control over large parts of the countryside and major cities. Batista fled Cuba on January 1, 1959, bringing the revolution to a successful end.
The document provides an overview of life and culture in America in the 1920s, known as the Roaring Twenties. After World War I, the US experienced a period of isolationism under Republican leadership. Warren G. Harding was elected president in 1920 on a platform of "normalcy" and reducing taxes and regulations. However, his administration became embroiled in scandals like the Teapot Dome affair. Calvin Coolidge succeeded Harding and pursued business-friendly policies as America embraced consumerism fueled by the automobile industry. Cultural conflicts arose from immigration restrictions, the Red Scare, racial tensions like the rise of the Ku Klux Klan, and the Sacco and Vanzetti case.
American imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th century was driven by four main factors:
1) Business interests seeking new markets and raw materials as industrial capacity grew.
2) A belief in social Darwinism and the white man's burden to civilize other races.
3) The closing of the American frontier increasing the focus outward.
4) Growing military and strategic interests to secure new naval bases and protect business investments abroad.
This led the U.S. to aggressively expand its influence and territory through wars in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines as well as political and economic dominance in Latin America and Asia through the early 1900s.
The Roaring Twenties was a decade of social and economic change in the United States following World War 1. President Warren G. Harding promised a "return to normalcy" and supported pro-business policies. However, his administration was plagued by corruption scandals. His successor, Calvin Coolidge, restored integrity but continued laissez-faire economics. The average income rose 35% during the decade, fueled by installment plans, national advertising, and labor-saving devices. Cultural changes included the flapper era of greater freedom for women, the rise of the automobile, radio, and African American culture like jazz. However, Prohibition failed as organized crime profited from bootlegging alcohol.
Module 5 american-yawp-the-sixties.htmlthe american yawp the siPOLY33
The document provides a summary of key political and social events in the 1960s United States, focusing on foreign policy challenges with Cuba and the ongoing civil rights movement. Some of the major events discussed include the Cuban Revolution and failed Bay of Pigs invasion, the Cuban Missile Crisis, ongoing civil rights protests and acts of resistance including the Freedom Rides and March on Washington, and the passage of the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 under President Lyndon B. Johnson.
The 1920s in America saw significant social and cultural changes following World War I. The Republican administrations of Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge promoted business interests and a return to "normalcy." However, the Teapot Dome Scandal tarnished Harding's presidency. Women gained new freedoms in the 1920s as flappers challenged traditional gender norms, but still faced workplace discrimination. Prohibition sparked growth in organized crime as gangsters profited from bootlegging alcohol, despite government failure to enforce the law which was later repealed. Urbanization and the Great Migration of African Americans to northern cities also transformed American society in the 1920s.
The document discusses several topics related to 19th century Americas:
1) The quest for wealth brought immigrants to the Americas, increasing diversity. Independence from Europe was a major theme, achieved through war for the US and fears of encroachment for Canada.
2) Latin America gained independence from Spain and Portugal but then experienced political turbulence as new leaders lacked experience in self-governance.
3) The Little Ice Age from 1300s-1850s caused global famine and death through cold temperatures and failed crops. Immigrants brought cultural traditions like beer to America.
California invested heavily in infrastructure projects beginning in the 1890s, including dams, aqueducts and reservoirs to support growth. Major projects like the Los Angeles aqueduct and Hetch Hetchy system for San Francisco took years to complete. As the state grew, it attracted many migrant workers and struggled with labor issues. During World War 2, fears of Japanese spies led to the internment of Japanese Americans, supported by California politicians.
The Cuban Revolution from 1953 to 1959 overthrew the US-backed Batista regime and established a communist government led by Fidel Castro. Castro led a guerrilla uprising against Batista from the Sierra Maestra mountains. By 1958, Batista had lost support and fled Cuba on New Year's Day 1959. Castro then took control of the new Cuban government and began nationalizing foreign-owned businesses, straining relations with the US. This led to a US trade embargo and Cuba aligning with the Soviet Union, escalating tensions during the Cold War.
The document provides background information on several historical events and periods:
1) It discusses the 19th century Americas, including the Gold Rush that brought many migrants to the US for economic opportunities.
2) It covers the independence movements and establishment of governments in the US, Canada, and Latin America between the 18th-19th centuries.
3) It describes the Little Ice Age period in the 17th century and some potential causes like volcanic eruptions and changes in solar activity.
The document provides background information on several historical events and periods:
1) It discusses the 19th century Americas, including the Gold Rush that brought many migrants to the US for economic opportunities.
2) It covers the independence movements and establishment of governments in the US, Canada, and Latin America between the 18th-19th centuries.
3) It describes the Little Ice Age period in the 17th century and some potential causes like volcanic eruptions and changes in solar activity.
United States History Ch. 12 Section 2 Notesskorbar7
The document discusses the impact of the Great Depression in the United States. It led to widespread unemployment in cities, with many relying on bread lines for food. Rural areas were also deeply affected, with many farmers losing their land and over 1 million becoming tenant farmers between 1930-1934. The Dust Bowl destroyed millions of acres of farmland in the Great Plains, forcing many farmers nicknamed "Okies" to leave their homes in search of work. The Depression had profound social impacts as well, including falling birth rates, family breakdowns, and increased hardships for minorities.
1. The document outlines factors that led the US to abandon isolationism and pursue imperialism in the late 1800s, including economic incentives to obtain raw materials and new markets. Influential figures like Mahan and Turner urged overseas expansion.
2. The US began expanding its territory and influence globally through the purchase of Alaska in 1867 and involvement in Hawaii culminating in its annexation in 1898.
3. By the 1890s the US had become a world power through imperialistic acquisitions and the Spanish-American War of 1898 which gave it control of territories like the Philippines and Puerto Rico.
World War II had major domestic and global impacts. In the US, it led to increased government intervention in the economy through acts like Lend-Lease and mobilization of citizens for the war effort. The US entered the war after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Key battles included Midway in the Pacific, which marked a turning point, and D-Day in Europe. The Manhattan Project developed the atomic bomb, which the US dropped on Japan, hastening the end of the war. Roosevelt issued executive orders to address civil rights issues and intern Japanese Americans during the war.
The Japanese Internments saw approximately 120,000 Japanese Americans forcibly relocated and interned in camps during World War II. This was in response to the bombing of Pearl Harbor by Japanese forces in 1941, after which President Roosevelt issued an executive order allowing for exclusion zones and internment. Japanese Americans were held in poor conditions in internment camps until 1945, when internees were released with little support. In later decades, Japanese American advocacy groups pursued redress for the injustice of the internments, culminating in presidential apologies and reparations being issued in the 1980s and 1990s.
Fidel Castro led a revolutionary movement against Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista from 1953 to 1959. Castro and a small group of rebels attacked military barracks in 1953 but were imprisoned. Castro was released in 1955 and went into exile in Mexico, where he trained a guerrilla army. In 1956, Castro and his rebels landed in Cuba and began a guerrilla war against Batista's government from the mountains. By 1958, Castro's forces had grown significantly while support for Batista collapsed. The rebels captured Santa Clara that year, and on January 1, 1959 marched into Havana and took control of the country, leading to Castro becoming the new ruler of Cuba.
Fidel Castro led an unsuccessful attack on the Moncada army barracks in 1953 in an attempt to overthrow the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista. Castro and his followers were captured and imprisoned but released in 1955. Castro then went into exile in Mexico where he organized a rebel army to launch a revolution. In 1959, Castro marched into Havana as Batista fled the country. Castro established a new government but it eventually became a repressive dictatorship. The Cuban economy struggled in the early 1960s due to Castro's policies.
1) In the late 19th/early 20th century, California developed extensive water infrastructure like canals and reservoirs to transport water from northern to southern California and irrigate the dry lands, enabling population growth.
2) Labor unions formed in the late 19th century to fight for workers' rights, with some utilizing more radical strategies, though they faced resistance from employers.
3) During World War 2, California's economy and population boomed as its military bases and aircraft industry expanded greatly, though Japanese Americans faced internment following Pearl Harbor.
This document discusses the history of California across several topics:
- Geology and conservation efforts in the 1800s included geological surveys and the establishment of Yosemite National Park.
- Technology development included advances in electronics, computing, aviation, astronomy, film, and other areas, with many innovations originating in California.
- California's population became highly diverse due to immigration during the Gold Rush and later waves from Asia, Latin America, and other regions. However, racial tensions and policies of exclusion persisted for decades.
- Music, art, literature, outdoor recreation and other cultural aspects were shaped by the environment and demographic changes in California.
- Chapter 7 discusses the construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct between 1905-1913, which brought water 235 miles from the Owens Valley to LA and was celebrated at its completion by a crowd of 30,000-40,000 people.
- Southern California society in the early 20th century was divided into three groups: oligarchs (wealthy families), babbits (newly arrived middle class), and folks (white Anglo-Saxon Protestants from the Midwest making up the working class).
- Chapter 8 discusses how the development of irrigation districts and railroads in the late 19th century accelerated California's growth as an agricultural state, relying on seasonal and migratory labor, mainly single white and Chinese men.
California faced many challenges in its early decades as a state in organizing its social, economic, and physical infrastructure. A key focus was developing water resources through aqueducts and dams, importing water from the Colorado River to support agriculture and population growth. This enabled the growth of cities like Los Angeles but also had environmental impacts. California's economy diversified through the early 20th century in agriculture, industry, and services, making it more resilient to challenges like the Great Depression.
The document discusses the history and development of California from its earliest inhabitants to the early 20th century. It describes how native Californians spoke over 135 separate languages and faced near extinction due to European contact. It also outlines how California's infrastructure and population grew tremendously in the late 19th/early 20th century, especially in Los Angeles and San Francisco, fueled by water projects like dams and aqueducts. As the population and economy expanded, labor movements emerged to improve working conditions for agricultural and other workers.
This document discusses the history of Asian immigration to the United States. It describes how the first Asian immigrants in the late 19th century, particularly Japanese and Chinese people, faced significant racial prejudice and restrictive laws. During this period, most Japanese immigrants settled on the West Coast and found success in farming and small business. However, their economic achievement led to resentment from some white communities. The document then focuses on the Japanese American experience, including the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II due to fears they may be disloyal. It discusses the injustice of the internment and the efforts of Japanese Americans to seek redress for the violation of their civil rights.
The document discusses the history and development of California from the 16th century to the early 20th century. It describes how California was originally thought to be an island inhabited by Queen Calafia and mentions Spanish explorers discovering it was actually a peninsula in 1533. It then summarizes the growth of California's population and infrastructure, from the establishment of public works projects in the 1800s to massive growth in the early 1900s that transformed Los Angeles and San Francisco into major metropolitan areas. Labor movements among California workers are also outlined, from organizing in the Gold Rush to strikes in the early 1900s that led to the formation of unions.
The document discusses the history and development of California from the 16th century to the early 20th century. It describes how California was originally thought to be an island inhabited by Queen Calafia and mentions Spanish explorers discovering it was a peninsula in 1533. It then discusses the indigenous populations, infrastructure development like dams and aqueducts in the late 19th century, population and economic growth around the turn of the 20th century, the emergence of major cities like Los Angeles and San Francisco, and early labor movements in California agriculture and industries seeking better working conditions.
Here are 3 potential sources for information on Christopher Columbus and early American history:
1. Garasan R.I. Anglo-American Countries - Ternopil: SMP "Aston", 1998.-96p. This book may contain background information on Christopher Columbus's voyage and early European exploration and colonization of North America.
2. Karpenko O.V. Focus on the USA. English student’s book.- Kharkiv. : Vesta: Vid-vo «Ranok», 2006.-80p. As the title suggests, this book focuses specifically on the history and culture of the United States and would likely cover Christopher Columbus and the early colonial period.
3. Koganov
The document summarizes California's development from the late 19th century through the 20th century. It discusses how the state built infrastructure like irrigation systems, dams and aqueducts to support growth. It also covers the expansion of cities and industries, the growth of universities, and increasing diversity of the population. Labor issues are also discussed, like strikes in San Francisco in the early 1900s and among agricultural workers in the 1930s that led to new unions and reforms. Racial tensions are highlighted as well, with discussions of riots in Watts and LA along with immigration reforms.
1. The document outlines major events and periods in American history from the colonial era to the late 20th century.
2. It discusses the establishment of English colonies in North America in the 1600s, the American Revolution and founding of the United States in the late 18th century, the Civil War and slavery in the mid-19th century, and the country's rise as an industrial power at the end of the 19th century.
3. The 20th century saw events like the Progressive Era, US entry into World War I and World War II, the Great Depression, and the Cold War period following World War II.
The American Revolutionary War began as tensions increased between the British colonies in America and the British government. The document outlines the key events that led to the outbreak of the war, including new taxes imposed by Britain like the Stamp Act that angered colonists, as well as violent incidents like the Boston Massacre. It describes the growing revolutionary spirit in the colonies through groups like the Sons of Liberty and the battles of Lexington and Concord that marked the beginning of the war in 1775.
1) The document discusses the history of science, technology, arts, and culture in California from the 19th century to present. It covers topics like geology, conservation, flight, astronomy, electronics, film, writing, painting, photography, music, and architecture.
2) It also covers the demographic history of California, from the influx of immigrants during the Gold Rush to modern debates around immigration and diversity. Early California was founded on racial repression but it later became one of the most diverse places in the US.
3) The document analyzes how California struggled with issues of racial division and exclusion but is becoming more unified with a common culture as demographics change over time.
The document summarizes the key events and developments in California's history that led to its growth into a major economic power, as discussed in Kevin Starr's book "California: A History". It describes how the Drainage Act of 1878 established water infrastructure, allowing Southern California to be irrigated and cities like LA to develop. It also mentions the Homestead Act fueling population growth. During the 20th century, California saw booms in industries like film, aviation, and technology, as well as urban and suburban expansion. Starr discusses how the state's culture was influenced by its natural beauty and spirit of opportunity.
The document summarizes the key events and developments in California's history that led to its growth into a major economic power, as discussed in Kevin Starr's book "California: A History". It describes how the Drainage Act of 1878 established water infrastructure, allowing Southern California to be irrigated and cities like LA to develop. It also mentions the Homestead Act fueling population growth. During the 20th century, California saw booms in industries like film, aviation, and technology, as well as urban and suburban expansion. Starr discusses how the state's culture was influenced by its natural beauty and spirit of opportunity.
The document summarizes the development of California through key historical events and policies:
1) The Drainage Act of 1878 established public utilities in California, laying the foundation for its economic growth into the largest state economy.
2) Subsequent acts, like providing funds for Northern California water infrastructure and the Homestead Act of 1862, enabled irrigation and population growth, especially in Southern California.
3) During the 1920s, California's economy boomed through projects like aqueduct construction and military base development, alongside architectural developments at universities.
1) Between 1800 and 1900, the United States grew rapidly from 16 states and 6 million people to 45 states with 76 million people, over half of whom lived in cities and worked in factories and offices.
2) In the late 1800s, the Suffragist Movement led by Elizabeth Stanton and Susan B. Anthony fought for women's right to vote.
3) In 1898, the U.S. went to war with Spain over Cuba and gained control of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. This marked the beginning of the U.S. as a world power.
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2. Great Expectations: Statewide Water System
1878 Drainage Act- $100,000 for irrigation, drainage,
and navigation
May 14, 1901 gravity canal, Colorado flowed into the
Salton skin
Second canal, October 1904, bank of Colorado across
northern Mexico into Imperial Valley
Poured into valley, 360 million cubic feet per hour,
flooded
Southern Pacific, stanch flooding with rocks, gravel,
and clay February 10, 1907, prevented California
turning into Water World
Board of Public Works (1898), Board of Water
Commissioners(1903)
Develop water plans and programs
Tapping rivers: Owens for LA, Tuolumne for SF:
dams, reservoirs, aqueducts
Hydroelectricity- enabled each city to serve four million
residents
Damage to environment
Loss of Hetch Hetchy Valley, Tuolumne river
dammed an valley filled
LA siphoned Owens River, desiccation and
devastation of Owens Valley
3. Great Expectations: Architecture and Economy
New generation of architects, from Paris, Studios in US
survived earthquake and fire of April 1906, rebuild city
Domestic design for middle and upper class- Beaux Arts style (elegant)
University Culture, Stanford- idealized garden, implementations of Mediterranean, University of
California at Berkley- developed Beaux Arts city of learning, classical revival
City Beautiful movement, to be implemented in SF, day before earthquake, rebuilt on O'Farrell's
grid of 1847 instead
San Diego, John Nolen. As the Naples or Rio de Janeiro of N. Hemisphere
Harbor side, Italian & Spanish buildings, palms, plazas, neo Mediterranean setting of hills,
sea, and sky
1900 to 1930 creation of metropolitan California: LA, SD, Southern Cali as new American scene
Job market: building trades, oil, hotel and tourist, aviation, motion pictures, fishing, Nay and
Marine Corps, University jobs
Prosperity, new construction: Ambassador Hotel, Coliseum, Rose Bowl Stadium, Biltmore
Hotel, Central Library of LA, California Cub, and expanding university campuses
Construction of film sets in Hollywood, rise of film industry
Unify Bay Area- Oakland Bay Bridge and Golden Gate bridge
GG across GG Strait between SF and Marin County, authorize 1930, finished 1937, icon of
American civilization
Establishment of Banks, of Italy and of America
finance construction, bonds for construction projects
Farmers keep properties during Depression because of load system
4. Great Expectations: Population and Economy
White majority population
Oligarchs- older Southern California
families, enjoying first-generation
wealth
Babbits- newly arrived middle class;
corporation executives, bankers,
lawyers, doctors, real estate
developers, automobile dealers
Folks- white Anglo-Saxon
Protestants from Midwest, rural or
small town backgrounds
Mexican American population
1920 to 1930 city of LA minority
group tripled: 33,644 to 97,116
LA leading Mexican American
community in the US
Meatpacking tire manufacture,
auto assembly, manual jobs
African American Population
Started small, prosperous,
republican
As grew lost status, encountered
racial attitudes, explicit color lines
5. Making it Happen: Labor through GD, Strikes
General Strike of 1901
SF city wide strike by Teamsters Union
Formation of the Union Labor Party in San Francisco
October 1, 1910, metal trades strike, bombed
headquarters of Times
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW, Wobblies)
Romantic anarchism, Marxist socialism, distrust of big
shots, seize state and establish industrial utopia
1912 dock strike San Diego Authorities pulled
Wobblies off trains into custody, roughed up.
August 1913 Wheatland
Bench collapsed, fighting started, deputy fired
into air, gunfire broke out
IWW fled scene, impression they were
responsible
July 22, 1916 bomb set off in S during Preparedness Day
parade
April 30th 1919 criminal Syndicalism Act
Felony to advocate or promulgate violence to
change industrial ownership of effect political
changes, or belong to organization
Mexican Mutual Aid Society of Imperial Valley, May
1928
Protest wages and working conditions to President of
Mexico, who protested to Pres. of US, who sent the
state department official to investigate
6. Making it Happen: Labor through GD, CAWIU & ILA
Cannery and Agricultural Workers Industrial Union (CAWIU)
Used mimeograph machine, thousands of leaflets in different languages
and spread with automobile, widespread organization.
Authorities conducted roundups, arrests, harassments, indictments, and
trials
CAWIU strikes August 1931, November 1932, an four more in 1933
Strikers assaulted with blackjacks, night sticks, high-pressure
hoses, emplacement of Army surplus machine guns
The Cotton Strike of 1933
Largest agricultural strike
Vigilantes shot strikers killed two and injured eight, became permanent
group, The Associated Farmers of California Inc.
• Associated Farmer fan of the Red Scare
Police raided CAWIU state headquarters. Convicted 8 to prison one to
fourteen years
Released September 1937 by Third District Court of Appeal of the State of
California
International Longshoremen‟s Association (ILA)
May 1934 Largest maritime strike, joined by locals in numerous cities and
followed by over 13 unions
June 18 1934, employers claiming to president Communist take over
July 3rd strikers prevent exit of trucks, police fired into crowd, killed striker
July 5th “Bloody Thursday”- tear gas, guns, shot
strikers, clubbed, gassed, hit with projectiles
• General strike that shut down city July 15th
7. Making it Happen: Labor through GD, EPIC
End Poverty in California (EPIC) – Upton
Sinclair, production for use, not profit
Influence of Franklin D. Roosevelt‟s New Deal
old age pensions $50 per
month, reappearing as Social Security
$150 to 15-20 million Americans 60+ to
recharge stalled economy
1937 Townsend movement
Ham „n‟ Eggs for Californians campaign
booklet
$30 every Thursday to unemployed
Californians over fifty
Defeated in the election of November
1938 but supported electing Downey to
U.S. Senate
United Farm Workers- huelga, orchestrated by
Cesar Chavez
Employers take labor for granted, pay and
house workers cheaply as possible; didn‟t
end
Suggested a better way
8. War and Peace: Japanese experiencing racism
Early as 1900s Japanese immigrants scapegoat, “yellow peril,” “white California”
crusade
1905 Chronicle campaign to segregate Japanese children in public schools of SF
1908 Gentlemen‟s Agreement with Japan
Japanese not issue more passports to laborers US withdraw SF ordinance
1913 Alien Land Act- prohibited Jap immigrants from owning land in California
bill became law, extended with discussion of segregation 1920
California determinedly anti-Japanese, toxic level of racism
Immigration Act of 1924 prohibited immigration of Japanese
Poisoned relationship between nations
Attack on Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941
Rounded up suspected Japanese aliens
Removal and relocation of Japanese
• Executive Order 9066, War Department to remove suspicious or possibly
dangerous people from military areas
• February 1942, articles calling for removal of Japanese from coast, attorney
general Warren wanted evacuation of all Japanese, many supporters
• March 1, 1942 DeWitt (head of Western Defense Command) issued Proclamation
Number One, Western half of Cali, Oregon, Washington, and southern third
Arizona; Japanese to be removed.
• March 18, Roosevelt, Executive Order 9102, Civilian War Relocation Authority
• Establish and administer relocation camps
• 110,000 Japanese behind barbed wire for next 3 years or more
9. War and Peace: War Society and Industry
SF premier military command center, pot of embarkation and supply on the Pacific
Coast
Italy surrender, POW option to join Italian Service Units
Performed non combat duty for Army
1945 Italians throughout SF with US Army uniforms with Italy patch
Camp Pendleton
Marine recruiting depot in SD, purchased for training in 1942
Strong navy and military presence in SD
Ubiquitous presence of uniformed men and women in California during the war years
Zoot Suit Riots, June 1943 between young servicemen and young Mexican Americans
Mexicans now treated as enemy with Japanese in camps
June 3rd, Sailors moves on Mexican American girls, provoked brawl with Mexican
American youths
June 4th, taxicabs drove sailors and marines through city
• Surround zoot-suiters, pull of pants, rough up, cut hair
• Press reports that zoot-suiters organizing counter attack
Naval officials put end to riot, court-martial servicemen who did not immediately
return
War brought triumphs of industrial culture
Women needed to work in ship building effort
Social sophistication: pooled transportation, day care centers, equality of women,
medical care, food service, banking, postal outlets, big band dances and
concerts
Germany and Japan surrender May 1945 brought end of War
10. War and Peace: Building Suburbia
Population growth- 1962 most populous state
in nation
During war 1.6 moved to CA, other military
training there, or gone on leave there
Population gain 53% between 1940 and
1950
Physical and social infrastructure
overwhelmed by influx: housing shortage
and overburdened highways
Disneyland, July 1955 made utopian
statement
Complex urban environments,
deliberately created, incorporated
regional and related cultural values, Small
town living, more intimate America
Probed urban future, planned and
controlled environment, paradigm for OC
Master Plan for Higher Education
Support by taxpayers, UC system vehicle
for own betterment
Conceptualized itself and a higher-
education utopia
Consolidated state college campuses into
multiple campus CSU