2. VECTOR ACTIVE STRUCTURES
a. Truss structures
b. Space frame Structures
BULK ACTIVE STRUCTURES
a. Folded Plate Structures
KINETIC STRUCTURES
3. Cable structures
Most tensile structures are very flexible in comparison to
conventional structures. This is particularly true for the
current, fashionable, minimal structures, where all the
members want to be under axial forces. Here, repetitive
members with pinned joints are tied together and
stabilized by cables or rods.
Because of the lightweight and flexible nature of cable-
stayed roof structures they may be especially vulnerable
with respect to vertical stiffness, wind uplift, lateral
stability, and dynamic effects
4. Lateral bracing
Suspended highrise structures (tensile columns)
Single-layer, simply suspended cable roofs
Single-curvature and dish-shaped (synclastic) hanging roofs
Prestressed tensile membranes and cable nets (see Surface
Structures)
Edge-supported saddle roofs
Mast-supported conical saddle roofs
Arch-supported saddle roofs
Air supported structures and air-inflated structures (air members)
Cable-supported structures
cable-supported beams and arched beams
cable-stayed bridges
cable-stayed roof structures
Tensegrity structures
Planar open and closed tensegrity systems: cable beams, cable trusses, cable frames
Spatial open tensegrity systems: cable domes
Spatial closed tensegrity systems: polyhedral twist units
Hybrid structures
Combination of the above systems
5. Cables refer to flexible tension members consisting of,
rods, plates, W-sections, tubes, etc. strands,
Ropes,
tensile reinforced concrete columns wood members
Wires are laid helically around a center wire to produce a strand,
while ropes are formed by strands laid helically around a core (e.g.
wire rope or steel strand).
46. Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge, Boston, 2003
Willemsbridge, Rotterdam, 1981, is
a double suspension bridge,
C.Veeling designer
47. CABLE – STAYED ROOF STRUCTURES
•Cable-stayed, double-cantilever roofs for central spinal buildings
•
•Cable-stayed, single-cantilever roofs as used for hangars and
grandstands
•Cable-stayed beam structures supported by masts from the outside
•
Spatially guyed, multidirectional composite roof structures
