The document provides information on a Prospecting Licence area located in northwest Guyana. It summarizes the regional geology, which consists of Lower Proterozoic volcanic and sedimentary rocks overlain by flat-lying sedimentary rocks. Gold mineralization in the area is found in quartz veins associated with shear zones and foliated rocks. Soil samples within the license area show two anomalous zones with gold values up to 619 and 212 ppb. Active small-scale gold mining occurs near the license area from quartz veins and saprolite.
A dissertation project in partial completion of Durham Universities Geology F600 Program with funding from Durham Universities Department of Earth Sciences. Fieldwork was carried out over a period of 6 weeks from the Oystercatcher House B&B, Raasay.
A dissertation project in partial completion of Durham Universities Geology F600 Program with funding from Durham Universities Department of Earth Sciences. Fieldwork was carried out over a period of 6 weeks from the Oystercatcher House B&B, Raasay.
The aim of the study:- investigate the subsurface geological and hydrogeological conditions in
this area, Using Terrameter SAS A300 and made Schlumerger array to measure the apparent resistivity to get a 2D Electric Cross Section and determine the aquifer layer depth.
sedimentary basin may be defined as an area of depression in the earth’s crust in which sediments accumulate during a particular time span at a significantly greater rate, and so to a significantly greater thickness.
Geology of parts of Gboko and Makurdi Local Government Areas, Benue State, Ni...Premier Publishers
The study area lies within the middle Benue trough consisting of a sedimentary terrain, and igneous rocks at the northern part. The area has three drainage basins separated by a water divide that trends nearly north-south. The sedimentary terrain comprises mainly sandstone of Makurdi Sandstone with common fold axes trending Southwest-Northeast. It has grain size distribution and stratigraphic signatures suggestive of fluvial environment. The limestone unit is of a smaller area and circumscribed by the sandstone. Fossils identified in the limestone include mostly pelecypods, gastropods and ammoids. The limestone unit is a probable member of Eze-Aku shale. Evidence of igneous activity in the study area is the emplacement of extrusive and intrusive rocks. The extensive rock is porphyritic basalt, with olivine phenocrysts, augite and analcite. The mineral assemblage suggests that the basalt is of alkaline affinity. The intrusive rocks are dolerite and felsic dolerite, with predominance of lime-bearing plagioclase over all other minerals in the felsic dolerite.
Developing Conceptual Aquifer Geometry, Structural Geological Control and Pos...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics (IOSR-JAGG) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Applied Geology and Geophysics. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Applied Geology and Geophysics. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Five days field report of Gilgit Baltistan .
Started from Mansehra then Besham then Kohistan then Gilgit and at last stop is in Hunza.
Visited dasu and basha dam.
each and every feature realed to geology is marked in this field report.
Lithofacies Analysis and Petroleum Potentials of Parts of Ikom-Mamfe Embaymen...Premier Publishers
An integrated study involving detailed lithofacies analysis and source rock evaluation were carried out to reconstruct the paleoenvironment and assess the petroleum potentials of the Ikom–Mamfe embayment, southeastern Nigeria. Sedimentological field mapping involving detailed description of lithologic characteristics and facies characterisation was carried out. Geochemical studies were carried out to determine the quantity of organic matter total organic carbon (TOC), soluble organic matter (SOM), the organic matter quality (organic matter type) and level of maturity. Results show that the dominant vertical succession of the various lithofacies indicate a general finning upward succession with basal massive pebbly sandstone, medium to coarse grained sandstones with intercalation of shale and mudstones. Seven lithofacies A to G, were identified. These include: conglomerates, massive pebbly sandstone, trough cross-bedded sandstone, planar cross-bedded sandstone, shale/mudstone facies. These facies were compared with established standard facies association for determining paleoenvironment of deposition. The facies analysis carried out pointed to fluvial (alluvial – braided) depositional system as the environment of deposition. TOC values range from 0.05 – 4.13 wt% indicating poor to excellent and SOM range from 200 – 6000 ppm indicating also poor to excellent. The amount of pyrolizable carbon derived as S1 and S2 peaks suggested that the source rocks possess organic matter capable of generating hydrocarbons. Hydrogen and oxygen indices (HI and OI) ranged from 0.24 to 656 and 0.53 to 61.90 mg/gTOC respectively. Analyses of the evaluated source rock shows that the hydrocarbon potential of the study area is lean and typically of a reworked terrestrial deposit of fluvial depositional system.
Myanmar known until recently as Burma, is slowly but steadily starting to attract foreign investment, driven mainly by international resource firms eager to tap into the mineral-rich South East Asia's country. After more than half a century of military ruling, Burma has started benefitting from the recent suspension of sanctions by Canada, the United States and the European Union. Myanmar's gold production is increasing and could prove a key factor for the country's economic growth, but many gold miners are suffering from lung diseases due to inadequate equipment and antiquated practices. In mineral-rich areas of Kachin State, taxes from Burmese and Chinese gold mining provides an important income stream to the Kachin Independence Organization. However, these mining companies use mercury in an environmentally hazardous extraction process, which can lead to long-lasting damage for the area's forests and river ways.
The aim of the study:- investigate the subsurface geological and hydrogeological conditions in
this area, Using Terrameter SAS A300 and made Schlumerger array to measure the apparent resistivity to get a 2D Electric Cross Section and determine the aquifer layer depth.
sedimentary basin may be defined as an area of depression in the earth’s crust in which sediments accumulate during a particular time span at a significantly greater rate, and so to a significantly greater thickness.
Geology of parts of Gboko and Makurdi Local Government Areas, Benue State, Ni...Premier Publishers
The study area lies within the middle Benue trough consisting of a sedimentary terrain, and igneous rocks at the northern part. The area has three drainage basins separated by a water divide that trends nearly north-south. The sedimentary terrain comprises mainly sandstone of Makurdi Sandstone with common fold axes trending Southwest-Northeast. It has grain size distribution and stratigraphic signatures suggestive of fluvial environment. The limestone unit is of a smaller area and circumscribed by the sandstone. Fossils identified in the limestone include mostly pelecypods, gastropods and ammoids. The limestone unit is a probable member of Eze-Aku shale. Evidence of igneous activity in the study area is the emplacement of extrusive and intrusive rocks. The extensive rock is porphyritic basalt, with olivine phenocrysts, augite and analcite. The mineral assemblage suggests that the basalt is of alkaline affinity. The intrusive rocks are dolerite and felsic dolerite, with predominance of lime-bearing plagioclase over all other minerals in the felsic dolerite.
Developing Conceptual Aquifer Geometry, Structural Geological Control and Pos...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics (IOSR-JAGG) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Applied Geology and Geophysics. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Applied Geology and Geophysics. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Five days field report of Gilgit Baltistan .
Started from Mansehra then Besham then Kohistan then Gilgit and at last stop is in Hunza.
Visited dasu and basha dam.
each and every feature realed to geology is marked in this field report.
Lithofacies Analysis and Petroleum Potentials of Parts of Ikom-Mamfe Embaymen...Premier Publishers
An integrated study involving detailed lithofacies analysis and source rock evaluation were carried out to reconstruct the paleoenvironment and assess the petroleum potentials of the Ikom–Mamfe embayment, southeastern Nigeria. Sedimentological field mapping involving detailed description of lithologic characteristics and facies characterisation was carried out. Geochemical studies were carried out to determine the quantity of organic matter total organic carbon (TOC), soluble organic matter (SOM), the organic matter quality (organic matter type) and level of maturity. Results show that the dominant vertical succession of the various lithofacies indicate a general finning upward succession with basal massive pebbly sandstone, medium to coarse grained sandstones with intercalation of shale and mudstones. Seven lithofacies A to G, were identified. These include: conglomerates, massive pebbly sandstone, trough cross-bedded sandstone, planar cross-bedded sandstone, shale/mudstone facies. These facies were compared with established standard facies association for determining paleoenvironment of deposition. The facies analysis carried out pointed to fluvial (alluvial – braided) depositional system as the environment of deposition. TOC values range from 0.05 – 4.13 wt% indicating poor to excellent and SOM range from 200 – 6000 ppm indicating also poor to excellent. The amount of pyrolizable carbon derived as S1 and S2 peaks suggested that the source rocks possess organic matter capable of generating hydrocarbons. Hydrogen and oxygen indices (HI and OI) ranged from 0.24 to 656 and 0.53 to 61.90 mg/gTOC respectively. Analyses of the evaluated source rock shows that the hydrocarbon potential of the study area is lean and typically of a reworked terrestrial deposit of fluvial depositional system.
Myanmar known until recently as Burma, is slowly but steadily starting to attract foreign investment, driven mainly by international resource firms eager to tap into the mineral-rich South East Asia's country. After more than half a century of military ruling, Burma has started benefitting from the recent suspension of sanctions by Canada, the United States and the European Union. Myanmar's gold production is increasing and could prove a key factor for the country's economic growth, but many gold miners are suffering from lung diseases due to inadequate equipment and antiquated practices. In mineral-rich areas of Kachin State, taxes from Burmese and Chinese gold mining provides an important income stream to the Kachin Independence Organization. However, these mining companies use mercury in an environmentally hazardous extraction process, which can lead to long-lasting damage for the area's forests and river ways.
Geological and Geochemical Characterization of the Neoproterozoic Derudieb Me...Premier Publishers
The meta- volcano - sedimentary sequences in the northern part of the Red Sea Hills comprise a sequence of metamorphosed rocks at low green schist facies of metamorphism consisting of lava flows, tuffs to breccias and agglomerates range in composition from basalts and andesites to rhyolites. Geologically the meta volcano sedimentary sequences is divided into metavolcanic rocks and metasediments. The metavolcanic rocks range in composition from mafic to felsic. The metasediments are represented by banded schist, quartzite and marble. The samples collected for study lie within the field of sub-alkaline rocks except one mafic volcanic sample, which plot near the boundary in the alkaline field and thus follow a transitional tholeiitic to calc-alkaline trend (increasing FeO* relative to MgO). The behavior of the large ion lithophile element (LILE) in the studied metavolcanics confirms the early fractionation of plagioclase. These rocks display negative Nb anomalies, suggesting that the melt source was modified by subduction-related fluids. Tectonically all felsic samples fall in the field of volcanic arc granitoids whereas the mafic units plot firmly within the plate margin field.
Geological-Structural Setting of Massif and the Levels of Quartz - Sulphide M...IJERA Editor
Kaptina gabbro massif is placed in the northern half of the eastern Mirdita ophiolitic belt and is spreaded in a relatively large area. Petrology of Kaptina gabbro massif is very complicated as in view of the diversity of rocks that are spreaded within it as well in view of structurally construction. In this region are exposed all components of the Mirdita ophiolitic Complex, as well as oceanic sedimentary cover, the Cretaceous one and the newer mollasic formations of Pliocene-Quaternary. Kaptina gabbro massif has an irregular shape, however is seen a certain extension in the meridional - submeridional direction. This massif is plunged in the South and the West under volcanogenic formations to come back in the small output in the lower Bisaku and to join more south with the Bulshari gabbro massif. The outputs of massif are expanded towards the north - northeast. In construction of gabbro massif take part a range of rocky types that stay in various reports regarding surface spreading. Greater spreading in all the massif have gabbronorite, in close connection with them stay norite and gabbro.
Petrographic evaluation of rocks around Arikya and its environs, North Centra...Premier Publishers
The study area covers Arikiya and parts of Wayopini in Lafia Local Government Area of Nassarawa State, situated in central Nigeria. This falls within the Basement Complex of central Nigeria that forms part of the Upper Proterozoic mobile belt extending from Algeria across the Sahara into Nigeria, Benin and the Cameroon. The area consists of gneisses, granite gneisses, migmatites and Porphyroblastic gneiss. Dolerite dyke and Pegmatite form intrusions into the host rocks. The major rock forming minerals are plagioclase, orthoclase, quartz and biotite. The major structures includes joints, foliations, quartz vein, fold and fault, Predominant structural trends include the NE-SW and NW-SE with minor E-W and N-S structural trends which are in agreement with the general trend of structures in the Basement Complex. Mineral resource potential of the study area include feldspar and mica from the gneiss and pegmatites as well as alluvial garnets, columbites, tantalite, and cassiterite (derived from the pegmatites) as evidenced from mining activities along river channels in the entire area.
Preliminary Studies of the Litho-Structural Evolution of Areas Around Obudu N...IJRESJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Rocks underlying the northeastern sector of Obudu area forms part of the Bamenda massif which is a westward extension of the Precambrian terrains of Cameroon into southeastern Nigeria. These rocks are frequently found in the basement complex of Nigeria and include the migmatitic gneiss as the early metamorphic tectonites constituting over 60% of the outcropping rocks in the study area. The basement rock of the study area comprised of the migmatite gneiss and biotite-hornblende garnetiferous gneiss as well as the porphyroblastic gneiss and granite gneiss which formed the basement intruded by the Older granites (Pan-African granitoids). The Older granites in this area include charnockite, porphyritic granite, medium grained granite, diorite and pegmatite/aplite with relatively undeformed veins of dolerite and quartz. The presence of garnet nodules in the biotite-hornblende gneiss indicates high grade tectono-thermal metamorphism of a possible sedimentary protholith. The shearing observed in some rock outcrops are indication that there have been a series of structural deformation alongside magmatism and metamorphism in the area.
Adjusting primitives for graph : SHORT REPORT / NOTESSubhajit Sahu
Graph algorithms, like PageRank Compressed Sparse Row (CSR) is an adjacency-list based graph representation that is
Multiply with different modes (map)
1. Performance of sequential execution based vs OpenMP based vector multiply.
2. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector multiply.
Sum with different storage types (reduce)
1. Performance of vector element sum using float vs bfloat16 as the storage type.
Sum with different modes (reduce)
1. Performance of sequential execution based vs OpenMP based vector element sum.
2. Performance of memcpy vs in-place based CUDA based vector element sum.
3. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector element sum (memcpy).
4. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector element sum (in-place).
Sum with in-place strategies of CUDA mode (reduce)
1. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector element sum (in-place).
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3. 3
Executive Summary
The Prospecting Licence (C-67) located in the Cuyuni Mining District No. 4 as shown on
Terra Surveys Topographic Map 18SW, as shown in fig 9 and enclosing an area of
approximately 10,887 acres of the Ekabago River. The potential of the area for gold is
excellent
The PL is presently under mining license by C B & R Mining Enterprises. Active gold
extraction is presently undertaken by land dredging, using excavators on mining concesions
bordering this PL.
The PL area is located in the upper drainage portion of the Ekabago River that drains in
the Puruni River,and close to the mouth of the Waikuri River that drains into the Cuyuni
River, approximately 150 km due west of the city of Georgetown .
Based on information from surface mapping in the areas of the soil geochemical anomalies
suggest the majority of the alluvial gold and gold anomaly areas located to the north/west of
this, see fig 3, PL are likely related to zones of weakly mineralized, structurally deformed,
lithological contact between mafic and felsic volcanic or intrusive rocks which interlayer with
more extensive packages of sedimentary formations. A portion (perhaps the majority) of the
gold mineralization may have been derived from quartz lode type occurrences in
lithologically controlled shear structures.
The geology of the area consists of Lower Proterozoic Mazaruni Supergroup (greenstone
belts) consisting of meta-sediments and meta-volcanic rocks, intruded by Younger Granites.
Unconformably overlying these rocks is the Roraima Formation, a generally flat lying series
of conglomerates, sandstones, shales and with minor interbedded volcanics. All of these
rocks (greenstones, granites, and post-orogenic sedimentary series), are intruded by
doleritic and gabbroic dikes and sills (the Younger Basic Intrusive Suite), see fig 4-6.
4. 4
Location and Access
The PL area can be accessed by 4WD vehicle or Bedford truck via a logging and mining
road from Bartica, crossing the Mazaruni at Itaballi,from Itaballi the journey by truck/pick up
is approximately 5-6 hours to the PL . Bartica is accessed from Georgetown via speed boat
from Parika, or by road via the Georgetown-Linden Highway crossing the Essequibo River
at the Shirima crossing, see fig 1.
Geophysics
The first systematic geophysical survey in Guyana was an aeromagnetic survey flown by
Aero Services Corporation, funded by the United Nations in 1963. The survey used a set of
N-S flight lines at a spacing of approximately 1.6 to 2.4 km, and a height of 300m. In 1971-
72 additional areas in Guyana were flown by Terra Surveys, funded by the Canadian
Commonwealth Bureau, and older data was incorporated in a set of 1:200,000 scale maps.
These sheets were then re-issued with an interpretation by Tyl & Reford of Terra Surveys
Ltd in 1973. In 1994 aeromagnetic data covering Guyana was converted to digital form by
Gtech Ltd, a commercial group attached to the University of Leeds in the UK as part of the
“South American Magnetic Mapping Project” (SAMMP). A relief-shaded map compiled
recently (Heesterman 2004) from this data. It should be noted that this data has not been
reduced to the pole.
The aeromagnetic data shows distinct areas with magnetic highs, or abrupt magnetic
gradients,see fig 7. The Quartzstone mountains, which trend north-south, directly to the west
of the study locations (excluding Wiamu) show elevated geophysics results to the immediate
background geophysics. `
5. 5
Mineral Occurrences
Historical Data
Historically the plains underlain by granitic saprolite in the area has been a good source of
gold. However recent sampling from this area has not determined a significant source of
gold in the granitic saprolite, which is now exposed. It is therefore suggested that historical
extraction of gold has derived from alluvial material deposited on the bed rock which has
subsequently been removed and processed for gold. The alluvial material is most likely to be
derived from lode structures and schistose rocks observed and from the hill ranges. It is
therefore seen as an important exercise to study the hill range of the area for primary
mineralization.
The Quartzstone – Aremu Batholith which may be present within the PL area is associated
with extensive surface gold workings along the contact zone with the country rock. Gold
occurs in the contact zone, marginal granite and gold bearing quartz veins, which are
usually associated with shear zones in this area (Annual Report, 1964)
PL Mineralisation
From data on the mining activities bordering the PL, gold is found to be present in
quartz veins and quartz rich lodes and well foliated saprolitic schist which in general all
strike north-south throughout the area. The gold bearing quartz veins are usually
associated with a black mineral (tourmaline?). Active extraction of gold from saprolite
and quartz material in areas bordering the PL area is presently undertaken by small and
medium scale miner. In some areas saprolite and quartz is being crushed and washed.
Two (2) notably anomalous area is located within the PL area with Au assay values up
to 619 and 212 ppb, see fig 2, however it should be noted that approximately seventy
percent (70%) of the PL area have subjected to geochemical sampling. Recent
geochemistry for gold data is in agreement with previously known gold mineralisation
area to south–west within the PL, as shown in fig 2 and 3. This indicated that the stream
sediment sampling was conducted well. Mineralized quartz was located at one location
within the PL, as shown in fig 7.
6. 6
Regional Geology
Two major lithological sequences, the Bartica Assemblage and the Barama – Mazaruni
Supergroup Greenstone sequences, underlie the northwestern area of Guyana.
Basement – the Kanuku complex is considered to be part of the Archean basement. It
consists of paragneisses and migmatites, granulites (Kanuku Mts.) and granite
gneisses.
Greenstones - The Barama and Mazaruni groups have been classically considered as
part of the Guiana Shield’s widespread Birrimian Age Greenstone Belts (2.2 G.a). The
Barama group outcrops in the northwestern region of Guyana, close to the border with
Venezuela. It consists of a predominantly sedimentary sequence with locally developed
Mn rich chert layers (Mathews Ridge deposit) interbeded with volcano sedimentary
packages. It is bounded to the west by the predominantly volcanic Mazaruni group (El
Callao in Venezuela stratigraphy). The contacts between The Mazaruni group, the
Barama Group and the gneissic basement sequences have not been well defined.
Generalized descriptions by Gibbs and Barron, made at Waikuri, suggest a typical
Archean greenstone sequence, with ultramafics rocks in the lower part, andesitic and
felsic volcanics in the central part and sediments in the upper part. All the above
sequences were deformed during the Trans Amazonian Event (2.1-1.9 Ga.).
Older Basic Rocks – this is a distinct group, also of Birrimian age, and is described as
intruding the Barama –Mazaruni greenstones. These are deformed and
metamorphosed to the same degree as the host sequences (Heesterman 2001).
7. 7
The Bartica assemblage is a gneissic terrain, occurring in the Cuyuni River Region,
composed of various ortho / paragneisses with amphibolites, metamorphosed to the
amphibolite facies. Locally it reached the granulite facies. These rocks are believed
(Gibbs and Barron) to be reworked Barama-Mazaruni units during the Trans Amazonian
event (1.95 to 2.2 Ga). Other authors believe the Bartica assemblage is another
basement portion of Archean age
Of similar age, but clearly late, are the so-called Younger Granites. These are generally
small individual intrusions forming large complexes of granitic terrain. Their composition
varies from granitic to dacitic. Gibbs and Barrow describe the Aurora Complex, as
composed of three rock types: tonalites, granodiorites and leucogranites. They are
unfoliated and display saussuritization (sericite + epidote), and sometimes are sheared
by later events.
The above rocks are intruded by sills and dikes and overlain by flat lying, undeformed
volcanics, probably, of the middle Proterozoic age. These could be related to the 1.8 Ga
Uatuma event, and correlate to the Kuyuwini volcanics, mapped originally in the
southern portion of Guyana.
C-67 Area Geology
Generally, the geology of this area is very similar to that seen in other parts of the
greenstone belts of Guyana, with the oldest rocks consisting of the Mazaruni Supergroup.
8. 8
The local geology is presented in terms of the Landsat interpretation, geophysical features
and limited information from geological mapping in thick laterite terrain and scarce outcrop
exposure along grids lines and riverbeds. Given the scarcity of outcrops, information is more
often derived from mapping float and saprolite. Differential recessive weathering of soft
rocks and positive relief from more resistant (fresher) rock types can create the false
impression of an abundance of the latter units in the field. All sulphides at surface are readily
weathered, except where they are dispersed in competent metacherts or siliceous volcanic
rocks. This differential weathering feature in the presence of sulphides and/or alteration
zones and/or permeable structures, can however locally enhance exposure via the
development of deep erosional cuts at surface.
In several areas in Northern Brazil this is noticed and an interesting example is the
Amapari skarn deposit, located in Amapá state. In Guyana the mineralized zone is
deeply weathered to as much as 140m while the adjacent rock units are generally only
weakly weathered and oxidized to depths of 20 to 60 meters.
Greenstone Belts: These areas was identified using Landsat interpretation, the
greenstone sequence is the predominant rock type, and is characterized by a weak, but
persistent, bedding or foliation generally trending NNW-SSE. Because of the weak
contrast in the Landsat imagery of the bedding/foliation, it was not possible to determine
the internal structure of the units or to separate it into predominantly volcanic or
sedimentary units. Only a few resistive ridges were clearly identified and interpreted to
consist of either massive volcanics, sandstones, chert or BIF.
Structure and relative age
A study of lineaments from stereoscopic examination of air photos was modified using
aeromagnetic and field data to identify major structures. Where all different data types
coincide, the probability that the structure is significant is higher. A similar process was used
to define major lithological boundaries.
9. 9
Historically very few faults have been mapped in the field, mainly as softer faulted material
rarely survives as outcrop. Air photo interpretation suggests that many linear features can be
traced between photographs over long distances. At least some of these must be faults with
significant movement, and others are first and second order fracture systems related to
primary movement. Some of the larger lineaments thought to be faults and fractures are
shown in Figure 7.
A number of main lineament directions can be recognised. Age relationships of some of
these can be interpreted from the way that they control the geology and mineralisation, but
in many cases these structures may be long lived, and have been re-activated several
times.
Comments & Conclusions
Based on the body of data on this concession, further exploration activity which entails
detailed soil and geological mapping is required to accurately define the grade and type
of mineralisation,however from the mining activities that bordering this PL and the
mineralized quartz located within the concession it can be assumed that gold
mineralization is hosted in quartz veins and quartz rich lodes in this PL also. Therefore it
is suggested that further work to better understand the geology in this concession
should be undertaken as there may be a significant source of primary gold.
19. 19
REFERENCES :
Bishop DW. 1936. Quartzstone-Wiamu area. Cuyuni River. Preliminary report
Annual Report of Geological Services Department, British Guiana. 1964. Special
geological problems. Granite studies: Quartzstone – Aremu, Rupa, Kopang. 33-35
Learmont J W. 1954. Area vbetween Aremu and Quartzstone Rivers, Cuyuni Rivers.
Annual Report on the Geological Survey Department for the Year 1954 (British Guiana
Geological Survey). 42-43, 88-89
Lloyd JW. 1958, Area North-west of Quartzstone Landing, Cuyuni River. Annual Report
on the Geological Survey Department for the Year 1958 (British Guiana Geological
Survey). 42-43