The document describes Butler's tourist resort life cycle model, which outlines the typical stages in the evolution of a tourist destination from exploration to decline. It begins with few facilities and adventure tourism, progresses to development with large hotels and package holidays, reaches a peak stage of consolidation, then declines through stagnation as the resort loses popularity and businesses close, before potentially achieving rejuvenation. Examples provided are Blackpool, which has declined, and Benidorm which remains consolidated through management choices to prevent stagnation.

2. Mark SchemeMark Scheme

3. ExplorationExploration
•Very few tourists or facilities
•Undeveloped
•Adventure tourism

4. InvolvementInvolvement
•Tourist numbers increase
•Local people start to become
involved in tourism

5. DevelopmentDevelopment
•Numbers of tourists increase rapidly
•Large hotel chains build up to date facilities
•Locals go out of business
•Package holiday

6. ConsolidationConsolidation
•Maximum number of tourists
•Facilities now starting to
look out of date
•Package holiday

7. StagnationStagnation
•Resort loses popularity
•Tourist numbers decrease
•Some hotels and shops go
out of business

8. RejuvenationRejuvenation
•No new attractions provided
•Much of the property is up for sale
•Hotels converted into old peoples homes
•Day trips or weekends only

9. DeclineDecline
•No new attractions provided
•Much of the property is up for sale
•Hotels converted into old peoples homes
•Day trips or weekends only

10. The Butler Tourist Resort Life CycleThe Butler Tourist Resort Life Cycle
ModelModel

11. Butlers Model MnemonicButlers Model Mnemonic
Early Extra
In Itchy
Darkness Drunks
Criminals Can
Steal Sound
Real Drugs Rather Dirty

12. Blackpool and BenidormBlackpool and Benidorm
Blackpool: Started off in the
1800’s
Is now in decline
Benidorm: Became popular
in the 1960’s
Shows no sign of stagnating

13. Describe the options faced by holiday resorts
when they reach stagnation (3 marks)
• 0 – 1 marks: Offer a statement about how
decline is likely but lack detail about what might
follow
• 2 marks: Identify at least one strategy that could
be adopted but lack the detail of the
management of that strategy
• 3 marks: Describe two or more possible
outcomes once stagnation is reached and relate
these outcomes to the choices made.