Fluoride is a naturally occurring chemical ion that is added to toothpaste and water supplies to strengthen teeth and make them more resistant to bacteria. It has led to a significant decline in cavities over many generations. While generally beneficial, too much fluoride consumption by young children as their teeth are developing can cause fluorosis, which is a purely cosmetic condition. Both water fluoridation levels and the amount of fluoride in toothpaste are monitored to help prevent overexposure, especially in children. Fluoride treatments continue to provide benefits at any age by strengthening teeth and preventing diseases.