Introduction to BPMN for MehrAstan University students, Gilan, Iran Session I: lectured on 8th of Ordibehesht

1. BUSINESS PROCESS MODELLING
via BPMN

2. WHO IS AMIRHOSSEIN?
• Software Designer and
Analyst, 2009-2014
• Software Development
Consultant / Instructor,
2014-2015
• Founder of “Espersa Ins.”,
2015-Now

3. AGENDA
• Introduction to Business Process
Modelling
• Elements of BPMN
• Events, activities and gateways
• Four main structural blocks
• Information artifacts
• Resources: pools and lanes
• Process decomposition and reuse
• Your process model

5. MODELLING?

6. – George E.P. Box (1919-2013)
“Essentially,
all models are wrong;
but some are useful.”

7. BUSINESS PROCESS MODEL AND NOTATION
(BPMN)
• Released by Object
Management Group (OMG)
• BPMN 2.0: March 2011
• Similar to UML’s Activity
Diagrams

8. Fairly complex language: over 100 symbols
but
Easy to learn:A handful of symbols cover
many of modelling needs

9. BASIC ELEMENTS
Event
Activity
(Task)
Sequence
Flow
Gateway

10. SIMPLE ORDER MANAGEMENT
Ship
product(s)
Receive
payment
Archive
order
Confirm
order
Order received Order fulfilled

11. BRANCH & MERGE
Split Gateway Join Gateway

12. TYPES OF GATEWAYS
XOR
(One)
AND
(All)
OR
(Some)

13. EXCLUSIVE DECISION
USING XOR GATEWAYS
Resend to
customer
Check for
mismatch
Park invoice
Post invoice
Block
invoice
Invoice received Invoice handled
No mismatch(es)
Mismatch(es), but
can be corrected
Mismatch(es), and
can not be corrected

14. PARALLEL EXECUTION
USING AND GATEWAYS
Proceed to
security
check
Pass
security
screening
Pass luggage
screening
Boarding pass
received
Departure level
reached
Proceed to
depart. level

15. ORDER MANAGEMENT
MORE ELABORATEDVERSION
Get
address
Ship
product(s)
Archive
order
Send
invoice
Receive
payment
Retrieve
product(s)
Confirm
order
Check
availability
Reject
order
Order
rejected
Order
received
Order
fulfilled

17. EXERCISE I
ASSESSING LOAN APPLICATIONS
A loan application is approved if it passes two checks:
I. The applicant’s loan risk assessment, done automatically by a system
II. The appraisal of the property for which the loan has been asked, carried
out by a property appraiser.
The risk assessment requires a credit history check on the applicant, which is
performed by a financial officer.
Once both the loan risk assessment and the property appraisal have been
performed, a loan officer can assess the applicant’s eligibility. If the applicant is
not eligible, the application is rejected, otherwise the acceptance pack is
prepared and sent to the applicant.

18. ‫اول‬ ‫ﮐﻼﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬
‫وام‬ ‫‌ﻫﺎی‬‫ﺖ‬‫درﺧﻮاﺳ‬ ‫ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ‬
:‫‌ﺷﻮد‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ‬ ‫ﮔﺬراﻧﺪن‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫وام‬ ‫درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬
(i.‫‌ﺷﻮد‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﳓﺎم‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫اﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫وام‬ ‫رﯾﺴﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﺮآورد‬
(ii.‫‌ﺷﻮد‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﳓﺎم‬ ‫ﻣﻠﮏ‬ ‫ارزﯾﺎب‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫وﺛﯿﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ‬
‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫اﻣﻮر‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﯽ‬ ‫‌ی‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﺳﺎﺑﻘ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻌﻼم‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫رﯾﺴﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﺮآورد‬
.‫‌ﭘﺬﯾﺮد‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬
‫واﺟﺪ‬ ‫‌ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫وام‬ ‫اﻋﻄﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺪ،ﻣﺴﺌﻮل‬ ‫اﳓﺎم‬ ‫رﯾﺴﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﺮآورد‬ ‫و‬ ‫وﺛﯿﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫زﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬
،‫ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ‬ ‫واﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرﺗﯽ‬ ‫در‬ .‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻮدن‬ ‫ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ‬
‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺻﺎدر‬ ‫وام‬ ‫‌ی‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﺣﻮاﻟ‬ ،‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫‌ﺷﻮد؛‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫رد‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﯽ‬ ‫درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ‬
.‫‌ﮔﺮدد‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ارﺳﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﯽ‬

20. EXERCISE II
ORDER DISTRIBUTION
An online store has two warehouses that store different
products in TehranPars and Ekbatan.
When an order is received, it is distributed across these
warehouses: if some of the relevant products are maintained in
TehranPars, a sub-order is sent there; likewise, if some relevant
products are maintained in Ekbatan, a sub-order is sent there.
Afterwards, the order is registered and the process completes.

21. ‫دوم‬ ‫ﮐﻼﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬
‫ﺳﻔﺎرﺷﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻻﻫﺎی‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫اﮐﺒﺎﺗﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫‌ﭘﺎرس‬‫ن‬‫ﺗﻬﺮا‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺑﺰرگ‬ ‫اﻧﺒﺎر‬ ‫دو‬ ‫‌ﻻﯾﻦ‬‫ن‬‫آ‬ ‫ﻓﺮوﺷﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬
.‫‌ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪاری‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﯽ‬
.‫‌ﺷﻮد‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺷﺮوع‬ ‫اﻧﺒﺎرﻫﺎ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ‬ ،‫‌ﺷﻮد‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫درﯾﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﺎرش‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫زﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬
‫زﯾﺮﺳﻔﺎرش‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫‌ﭘﺎرس‬‫ن‬‫ﺗﻬﺮا‬ ‫اﻧﺒﺎر‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﺳﻔﺎرش‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻻﻫﺎی‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﯽ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺳﻔﺎرش‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻻﻫﺎی‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﯽ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ،‫ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ .‫‌ﺷﻮد‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎده‬ ‫اﻧﺒﺎر‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬
.‫‌ﺷﻮد‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎده‬ ‫اﻧﺒﺎر‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫زﯾﺮﺳﻔﺎرش‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫اﮐﺒﺎﺗﺎن‬ ‫اﻧﺒﺎر‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫داده‬
.‫‌ﺷﻮد‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﺎرش‬ ،‫آن‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﭘﺲ‬

22. INCLUSIVE DECISION
FIRSTTRIAL
Forward to
Ekbatan
Warehouse
Check
order line-
items
Register
order
Forward to
TehranPars
Warehouse
Forward to
Ekbatan
Warehouse
Order
received
Order
completed
Only containsTehranPars products
Only contains
Ekbatan
products
Contains bothTehranPars
and Ekbatan products
Forward to
TehranPars
Warehouse

23. INCLUSIVE DECISION
SECONDTRIAL
Forward to
TehranPars
WarehouseCheck
order line-
items
Register
order
Order
received
Order
completed
Does not containsTehranPars products
Forward to
Ekbatan
Warehouse
contains
TehranPars products
Does not contains Ekbatan products
contains
Ekbatan products

24. INCLUSIVE DECISION
USING OR GATEWAYS
Check
order line-
items
Forward to
TehranPars
Warehouse
Forward to
Ekbatan
Warehouse
Order
received
Order
completed
Register
order
ContainTehranPars products
Contain Ekbatan products

25. ORDER MANAGEMENT
+ PRODUCT MANUFACTURING3.2 Branching and Merging 77

26. QUESTION
When should we use an
OR-join?

27. ABNORMALITIES
3.2 Branching and Merging 75
Fig. 3.11 What type should the join gateway have such that instances of this process can complete
correctly?

28. REWORK / REPETITION
Prepare
response
Investigate
inquiry
Register
inquiry
Review
response
Inquiry
received
Correspondance
addressed
Response
approved
Response
not approved

30. EXERCISE III
ASSESSING LOAN APPLICATIONS
Once a loan application is received by the loan provider, and
before proceeding with its assessment, the application itself
needs to be checked for completeness.
If the application is incomplete, it is returned to the applicant, so
that they can fill out the missing information and send it back to
the loan provider.
This process is repeated until the application is found complete.

31. MODELLINGVIEWPOINTS
When?
Control
Which?
Data / Service / Product
What?
Function
Who?
Resource / Organisation

32. INFORMATION ARTIFACTS
Data Object Data Store
[
Annotation Group
Directed Association
(Data Association)
Undirected Association

33. ORDER MANAGEMENT
+ ARTIFACTS
80 3 Essential Process Modeling

34. QUESTION
Do Data Objects affect the
token flow?

35. QUESTION
Do we always need to model
Data Objects?

37. EXERCISE IV
ASSESSING LOAN APPLICATIONS
When a claim related to a major car accident is evaluated, a clerk first
retrieves the corresponding car accident report in the Police Reports
database. If the report is retrieved, it is attached to the claim file.The claim file
and the police report serve as input to a claims handler who calculates an
initial claim estimate.Then, an “action plan” is created based on a “checklist”.
Based on the action plan and the initial claims estimate, a claims manager
negotiates a settlement with the customer.After this negotiation, the claims
manager makes a final decision, updates the claim file to record this decision,
and sends a letter to the claimant to inform him/her of the decision.
Please depict all relevant documents in the model.

38. RESOURCES
• Active vs. passive resources
• Resource classes

39. POOLS AND LANES

40. RECRUITMENT

41. ORDER MANAGEMENT
+ POOLS
CustomerSupplier
Check stock
availability
Confirm order
Reject order
Send invoice
Ship goods
Place
purchase
order
Purchase
order
Order Rejection Notification
Order confirmation
notification
Invoice
Make
payment
Shipment notification

42. ORDER MANAGEMENT
+ POOLS AND LANES

43. ORDER MANAGEMENT
+ ARTIFACTS, POOLS AND LANES

45. EXERCISEV
CLAIMS HANDLING PROCESS AT A CAR INSURER
A customer submits a claim by sending in relevant
documentation.The Customer Service department checks
the documents for completeness and registers the claim.The
Claims Handling department picks up the claim and first
checks the insurance policy.Then, an assessment is performed.
If the assessment is positive, a garage is phoned to authorise
the repairs and the payment is scheduled (in this order). In
any case (whether the outcome is positive or negative), an e-
mail is sent to the customer to notify the outcome.

46. SOMETOOLS …
• Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools:
• Enterprise Architect by Sparx Systems
• Rational System Architect by IBM
• ARIS Express by Software AG
• Visual Paradigm for UML
• Workflow engines:
• Activiti by Alfresco
• jBPM by Red Hat

47. NEXT
SESSION
Model complex business
processes using
extensions …

48. WE SHOULD LEARNED
• Basic process models in BPMN:
• Simple activities, events, gateways,
data objects, pools, and lanes
• Process model vs. process instance
• Information flow between activities
and events
• Pools and lanes that can be used to
model resources
• Some software tools that supports
BPMN

49. REFERENCES
• Fundamentals of Business
Process Management by
Marlon Dumas et al.,
Springer, 2013
• Business Process
Management: Concepts,
Languages,Architectures (2nd
Edition) by Mathias Weske,
Springer, 2012