The document provides guidance on conducting business process analysis and system functionality design. It outlines key questions to understand the client's business, including who the client and customers are, what products are sold, and how the business operates. It then discusses entities, attributes, transactions, users, and systems to map out. The document uses an example of a telecom company's sales process to illustrate identifying entities like customers and subscriptions, transactions like opportunities and sales orders, and understanding how they relate based on timing, users, and systems. The overall methodology focuses on understanding the 5W1H (what, why, when, where, who, how) to comprehensively analyze the client's needs before designing a suitable system.
Strategic Planning for Business Performance by Valio Competitive Intelligence. We give more competitiveness to our clients, creating real measures to evaluate the results of the business.
Music discovery: What, why, who, when, where?Julie Knibbe
Recommending music is promising that you will make people like, feel or remember something when they’ll listen. What is pushing you to get adventurous and hit “play”?
The Mysterious Process of Business Analysis SolvedHeadChannel
When you hear the words Business Analyst, a big company with a complex hierarchical structure most probably comes to your mind. However, severe market demands challenge both small and big companies to meet the criteria of mess-free process management and facilitated communication. This can all be achieved through implementing strong business analysis skills.
Strategic Planning for Business Performance by Valio Competitive Intelligence. We give more competitiveness to our clients, creating real measures to evaluate the results of the business.
Music discovery: What, why, who, when, where?Julie Knibbe
Recommending music is promising that you will make people like, feel or remember something when they’ll listen. What is pushing you to get adventurous and hit “play”?
The Mysterious Process of Business Analysis SolvedHeadChannel
When you hear the words Business Analyst, a big company with a complex hierarchical structure most probably comes to your mind. However, severe market demands challenge both small and big companies to meet the criteria of mess-free process management and facilitated communication. This can all be achieved through implementing strong business analysis skills.
Getting to the core, requirements gathering in the wildFemke Goedhart
Session slides as delivered on March 18th 2014 at Engage in Breda, The Netherlands by Sophie Lavignac-Le Madec & Femke Goedhart
Abstract: The basis of any good project is good requirements. Knowing what it is you are going to build / get determines whether your project will be a success or a flat out failure. In reality though the requirements phase is often trivialized or even forgotten. This session will give you tips & tricks as well as explain to you the basic techniques on how to effectively get to the core of the requirements, identify ways of prioritizing them and explain some core concepts of Functional and Technical design elements. Coming from a requirement gathering as well as development & customer point of view Femke & Sophie will take you through some of the real life examples they have come across and a lot of do's & don'ts they have seen (and despaired over)
Tthe 8-step business analysis process that you can apply whether you are in an agile environment or a traditional one, whether you are purchasing off-the-shelf software or building custom code, whether you are responsible for a multi-million dollar project or a one-week project.
Depending on the size and complexity of your project, you can go through these steps quickly or slowly, but to get to a successful outcome you must go through them
Business process analysis and optimization: A pragmatic approach to business ...Mozammel Hoque
The rapidly changing economic and socio-economic environment has led to think how to keep the business processes continuously optimized in highly uncertain and unexpected markets. This turbulent market situation has been brought two major challenges - Socio-cultural (Behavioral) challenge and Technical challenge (IT). The current industry practice and the academic researchers are trying to get out of this by looking the answer from the technology and business model end: “HOW” to manage the challenges of continuous change concentrating on flexibility and speed, maintainability and scalability, cost. Aftermath of it, there is numerous business process modeling techniques are being proposed by the researchers and the technology industry that well captures both approaches - Quantitative analysis: Objective Approach and Qualitative analysis: Subjective Approach though these approaches have its own drawback. (It is not the purpose of this seminar to enlighten on this drawback.) But, the socio-cultural challenge is ignored though our investigation reveals that Information behavior changes faster than information systems, which has driven us to work on it. Therefore, the aim of this seminar is to demonstrate how socio-cultural factors have significant impact, i.e. WHY IT MATTERS, on the success of business process optimization.
A Questionnaire for Identify Failures in Business Analysis Phase of ERP ProjectsVaruna Harshana
Identifying business needs and designing solutions is done through the processes of “Business Analysis”. Many solutions are developed to provide the needs of businesses which include the implementation of ERP systems. ERP systems mostly cuts across many business processes hence create many complexities while designing them. The probability rate for these complexities to turn into failures is high. The Business analyst is mostly responsible in handling these issues and reduces them as well. Business analysis includes many phases which can be shown as follows;
Enterprise/Company analysis
Requirements planning and management
Requirements elicitation
Requirements analysis and documentation
Requirements communication
Solution assessment and validation
The above mentioned phases need to be executed in order to do a proper business analysis. Many aspects need to be considered and standards need to be followed in doing this analysis, so as mentioned earlier there is a high probability for these phases not to function in the expected manner. So the identification of the potential process failures needs to be done.
This can be done by preparing a questionnaire which will monitor important elements of each of the above mentioned phases of business analysis. These questions will be addressing many aspects such as standards used, tools used, parties responsible, causes of actions, etc. In this manner this questionnaire could simply identify the failures that could occur while carrying out the Business analysis stage.
The questionnaire that we prepared will clearly indicate how effectively anyone could point out potential failures of “Business analysis” stage.
Business Analyst Interview Questions with Answers, Business Analysis Interview Questions with answers, BA Interview Questions, Interview questions for business analyst, Business Analyst interview questions and answers, Real interview questions for business analysts, Hard interview questions during Business Analyst Interview, How to crack business analyst interview, BA Interview questions,
Streamlining Success Mastering the Merchant Onboarding Process.pptxmohakbariatric
In the ever-evolving realm of e-commerce, a well-executed merchant onboarding process can be a game-changer. It goes beyond being a mere procedure and transforms into a strategic step that sets the tone for a successful partnership. By understanding the significance of onboarding and implementing best practices, platforms can create an environment where merchants thrive, customers benefit, and revenue flourishes. Remember, a streamlined merchant onboarding process isn't just a procedure; it's the foundation for sustainable growth in the digital marketplace.
On the Spot Courier ServicesRunning Case Study.docxvannagoforth
On the Spot Courier Services
Running Case Study
Michael Dimond
System Analysist
Problem Description
Founder of On The Spot Courier Services, Bill Wiley discovered he had minor issues with his business. He was having trouble getting business. He would advertise to local businesses that needed same day delivery. After that didn’t work he knew he needed to change things. Like build his own website where companies could place shipments online, get software to manage customer accounts, and a database to keep track of inventory.
System Capabilities
· Be able to have customers place orders online as an alternative to over the phone.
· Easily manage inventory
· Create customer accounts for easier tracking.
· Have delivery drivers be able to scan in packages upon pickup and store that info in warehouse database.
Business Benefits
· Make ordering pickups and shipments easier for customers.
· Easier way to track shipments and know what is in the warehouse at all times to prevent loss of package.
· Make tracking packages easy for customers so they will want to continue doing business with you.
The stakeholders for On the Spot would be Bill Wiley, the customers, warehouse staff, and delivery personal. The customer should be actively involved in the system definition because they will be placing the orders. As the business grows Human Resources (payroll, accountant) would also be involved.
If I were commissioned to build the system I would determine the requirements by:
I would first interview the users and stakeholders to understand the business function and need. Then review inputs, outputs, and procedures external to the organization and existing business documents. I would then observe and document the business process to better understand what occurs in the courier business functions. Using the information obtained from the business functions I would then research vender solutions to avoid common mistakes, save time and money. Lastly, I would collect user comments and suggestions to ensure the system is accurate and functioning.
Some questions needed answered are as follows:
· What are the business operation and process?
· How are the operations performed?
– how is it done? –what steps are taken? – can they be done another way?
· What information is needed to perform the operations?
–what information is used? – what inputs are used? –what output is produced?
-Use Case actors:
· Customer
· Employee (Driver)
· Bill
-Use Cases:
· Requesting a package pickup
· Picking up a package
· Generate Bill
· Print Label
Fully developed use case for Requesting a package pickup
Use case name:
Request a package pickup
Scenario:
Web customer requests package pickup
Triggering event:
Web customer has package(s) to be picked up and requests pickup
Brief description:
User enters package information (TO address, type of service, size/weight). System returns the cost, expected pickup time, and prints label
Actors:
Customer ...
Getting to the core, requirements gathering in the wildFemke Goedhart
Session slides as delivered on March 18th 2014 at Engage in Breda, The Netherlands by Sophie Lavignac-Le Madec & Femke Goedhart
Abstract: The basis of any good project is good requirements. Knowing what it is you are going to build / get determines whether your project will be a success or a flat out failure. In reality though the requirements phase is often trivialized or even forgotten. This session will give you tips & tricks as well as explain to you the basic techniques on how to effectively get to the core of the requirements, identify ways of prioritizing them and explain some core concepts of Functional and Technical design elements. Coming from a requirement gathering as well as development & customer point of view Femke & Sophie will take you through some of the real life examples they have come across and a lot of do's & don'ts they have seen (and despaired over)
Tthe 8-step business analysis process that you can apply whether you are in an agile environment or a traditional one, whether you are purchasing off-the-shelf software or building custom code, whether you are responsible for a multi-million dollar project or a one-week project.
Depending on the size and complexity of your project, you can go through these steps quickly or slowly, but to get to a successful outcome you must go through them
Business process analysis and optimization: A pragmatic approach to business ...Mozammel Hoque
The rapidly changing economic and socio-economic environment has led to think how to keep the business processes continuously optimized in highly uncertain and unexpected markets. This turbulent market situation has been brought two major challenges - Socio-cultural (Behavioral) challenge and Technical challenge (IT). The current industry practice and the academic researchers are trying to get out of this by looking the answer from the technology and business model end: “HOW” to manage the challenges of continuous change concentrating on flexibility and speed, maintainability and scalability, cost. Aftermath of it, there is numerous business process modeling techniques are being proposed by the researchers and the technology industry that well captures both approaches - Quantitative analysis: Objective Approach and Qualitative analysis: Subjective Approach though these approaches have its own drawback. (It is not the purpose of this seminar to enlighten on this drawback.) But, the socio-cultural challenge is ignored though our investigation reveals that Information behavior changes faster than information systems, which has driven us to work on it. Therefore, the aim of this seminar is to demonstrate how socio-cultural factors have significant impact, i.e. WHY IT MATTERS, on the success of business process optimization.
A Questionnaire for Identify Failures in Business Analysis Phase of ERP ProjectsVaruna Harshana
Identifying business needs and designing solutions is done through the processes of “Business Analysis”. Many solutions are developed to provide the needs of businesses which include the implementation of ERP systems. ERP systems mostly cuts across many business processes hence create many complexities while designing them. The probability rate for these complexities to turn into failures is high. The Business analyst is mostly responsible in handling these issues and reduces them as well. Business analysis includes many phases which can be shown as follows;
Enterprise/Company analysis
Requirements planning and management
Requirements elicitation
Requirements analysis and documentation
Requirements communication
Solution assessment and validation
The above mentioned phases need to be executed in order to do a proper business analysis. Many aspects need to be considered and standards need to be followed in doing this analysis, so as mentioned earlier there is a high probability for these phases not to function in the expected manner. So the identification of the potential process failures needs to be done.
This can be done by preparing a questionnaire which will monitor important elements of each of the above mentioned phases of business analysis. These questions will be addressing many aspects such as standards used, tools used, parties responsible, causes of actions, etc. In this manner this questionnaire could simply identify the failures that could occur while carrying out the Business analysis stage.
The questionnaire that we prepared will clearly indicate how effectively anyone could point out potential failures of “Business analysis” stage.
Business Analyst Interview Questions with Answers, Business Analysis Interview Questions with answers, BA Interview Questions, Interview questions for business analyst, Business Analyst interview questions and answers, Real interview questions for business analysts, Hard interview questions during Business Analyst Interview, How to crack business analyst interview, BA Interview questions,
Streamlining Success Mastering the Merchant Onboarding Process.pptxmohakbariatric
In the ever-evolving realm of e-commerce, a well-executed merchant onboarding process can be a game-changer. It goes beyond being a mere procedure and transforms into a strategic step that sets the tone for a successful partnership. By understanding the significance of onboarding and implementing best practices, platforms can create an environment where merchants thrive, customers benefit, and revenue flourishes. Remember, a streamlined merchant onboarding process isn't just a procedure; it's the foundation for sustainable growth in the digital marketplace.
On the Spot Courier ServicesRunning Case Study.docxvannagoforth
On the Spot Courier Services
Running Case Study
Michael Dimond
System Analysist
Problem Description
Founder of On The Spot Courier Services, Bill Wiley discovered he had minor issues with his business. He was having trouble getting business. He would advertise to local businesses that needed same day delivery. After that didn’t work he knew he needed to change things. Like build his own website where companies could place shipments online, get software to manage customer accounts, and a database to keep track of inventory.
System Capabilities
· Be able to have customers place orders online as an alternative to over the phone.
· Easily manage inventory
· Create customer accounts for easier tracking.
· Have delivery drivers be able to scan in packages upon pickup and store that info in warehouse database.
Business Benefits
· Make ordering pickups and shipments easier for customers.
· Easier way to track shipments and know what is in the warehouse at all times to prevent loss of package.
· Make tracking packages easy for customers so they will want to continue doing business with you.
The stakeholders for On the Spot would be Bill Wiley, the customers, warehouse staff, and delivery personal. The customer should be actively involved in the system definition because they will be placing the orders. As the business grows Human Resources (payroll, accountant) would also be involved.
If I were commissioned to build the system I would determine the requirements by:
I would first interview the users and stakeholders to understand the business function and need. Then review inputs, outputs, and procedures external to the organization and existing business documents. I would then observe and document the business process to better understand what occurs in the courier business functions. Using the information obtained from the business functions I would then research vender solutions to avoid common mistakes, save time and money. Lastly, I would collect user comments and suggestions to ensure the system is accurate and functioning.
Some questions needed answered are as follows:
· What are the business operation and process?
· How are the operations performed?
– how is it done? –what steps are taken? – can they be done another way?
· What information is needed to perform the operations?
–what information is used? – what inputs are used? –what output is produced?
-Use Case actors:
· Customer
· Employee (Driver)
· Bill
-Use Cases:
· Requesting a package pickup
· Picking up a package
· Generate Bill
· Print Label
Fully developed use case for Requesting a package pickup
Use case name:
Request a package pickup
Scenario:
Web customer requests package pickup
Triggering event:
Web customer has package(s) to be picked up and requests pickup
Brief description:
User enters package information (TO address, type of service, size/weight). System returns the cost, expected pickup time, and prints label
Actors:
Customer ...
Valuation Demystified How to Evaluate a Fintech Startup’s WorthMY Valuation
The term fintech is a portmanteau of two words: financial and technology. It describes an app, software, or technology that enables businesses and consumers to perform financial activities digitally.
Question #1 (20 points) As you know, there are several ways to m.docxamrit47
Question #1 (20 points) As you know, there are several ways to migrate from one system to another. First, describe each of the methods that can be used.
When change accounting systems organizations have two options which are applicable to implement the change as they anticipate it to be. The company can choose;
i) Complete change, here they are required to throw away the old system and implement the new one. Under this method, the operations are brought to a standstill as they implement it.
ii) Phase by phase change, here the organization is required to do it as per department. They are required to select a pilot project. This is done to test whether the system being selected is suitable and can deliver as per their plans. This helps in developing the systems before they are put in place.
Secondly, describe the advantages of each method. Next, describe the disadvantages to each method.
Advantages of complete change
1. It helps in consistency of operations.
2. It saves on time and cost associated with Change period.
Disadvantages of complete change
1. Operations are stopped during the implementation of the
2. In case the system fails to work the operations are affected
3. Low productivity due lack of training and low competence of the new system
Advantages of phase by phase
1. It allows time for testing the suitability of the system before its implemented to all departments
2. It allows time for staff training as they implement it in each department.
3. It reduces the stoppage time in case of breakdown as opposed to when implemented across the whole company systems.
Disadvantages
1. In case it fails it, the department is left behind as they try to reintroduce the old systems
2. It consumes a lot of time before its put in place in the entire company systems.
Finally, identify and discuss the pros & cons of purchasing a commercial-off-the-shelf accounting system vs building one from scratch.
The advantages of a commercial-off-the-shelf accounting system include:
Cost: since the off the shelf product is produced for market, the economies of scale dictate that it will be less expensive to acquire than a custom system.
Customer support: Many commercial-off-the-shelf systems come from reputable companies that provide customer support to clients. Previous clients might have experienced certain common problems which will be logged with the company. This will ensure fast resolution of nay arising difficulties.
Reliability: Before gaining federal approval, commercial-off-the-shelf products undergo rigorous testing to ensure they fulfill all the requirements set out for the programs. This is particularly important as there will be no time wasted on resolving development glitches that affect all new software.
Although there are a lot of advantages to commercial-off-the-shelf there are also some disadvantages. These include:
Failure to meet specific needs: Unlike custom built systems, commercial-off-the-shelf tend to focus mainly on ar ...
We all know Fresh has more value in life. Do we apply same concept in Business? Knowing something about your customer transactions when he is doing transaction is more useful than getting a 20 pager profile / transactions analysis report a week later. Learn about complex events processing. Welcome to world of events processing....
By automating sales and marketing processes, companies save time they would have to spend performing these operations manually. Marketing teams who have chosen to take advantage of marketing automation can focus on key strategic processes.
See how our system can identify people and companies visiting your website, then monitor and analyze their online behavior.
Efficient and effective transaction monitoring is an essential part of staying in compliance with various AML regulations around the world. However, as your transaction volume increases, manual transaction monitoring will no longer cut it. Learn how to:
Build an effective automated transaction monitoring system
Deal with alerts in a timely manner
Utilize industry best practices
A Business Review of E-Retailing in IndiaWaqas Tariq
Abstract As a professor in computer science I am very much interested in training my students in e-Commerce and prepared myself for an in depth research in this area and to present a quick journal about e-Retailing concepts / framework, how an organization can start e-Retailing business quickly? Its Pro’s & Con’s, how to make the e-Retailing venture successful? How retailers should plan / experience to achieve varying success by leveraging the internet technology? How to incorporate traditional retails practices with Internet technology? And strive for success in India. How internet is used by users and its use for online shopping. It serves a s a best article for all the readers across the globe. Keywords: E-Retailing in India, e-tailing, E commerce, Online store, retail, e business
Similar to Business analysis thinking methodology (20)
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithyg2nightmarescribd
Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
2. Use the following points as a starting point in conducting business and
requirement analysis
Who is the client and what is its business ?
What are the varieties of product your client
sell ?
Who is the customer of your client ?
How do their run the business and get in touch
with their customer ?
2
First Thing First – Understand Your Client
3. 3
Who is the client and what is its business ?
What are the varieties of product your client sell
?
Who is the customer of your client ?
The Easiest way to do it, is by researching your client
through its Company Website
Find out its core business, its product / service varieties,
major customers, even financial statements
4. 4
How do their run the business and get in touch
with their customer ?
Use 5W1H to understand clients business process, and to
design the system
5. 5w1H as tools for BA
5W 1H Can help as tools to understand the client business process, and to
design system functionality
What
Why
Who
When
Where
How
5
6. What – Understand the Entities
Entity = is something that exists in itself, actually or potentially, concretely or
abstractly, physically or not
Common type of entities in a business process:
Main
Entity
Transaction
Validation
User
System
Attributes
6
7. What – Understand the Entities
Keyword in understanding entities:
Created / Modified /
Terminated in
Main
Entity
Transaction
For which a
set of
Validation
must be applied
Which
executed by
User (s)
And its all happen inside one or several
System (s)
As a result, the output of a process might
become the predecessor for another
Transaction
Attributes
Information needed by a Main Entity /
Transaction
7
8. What – Understand the Entities
Use Case Example:
A Telco Company would like to develop CRM system for its
corporate customer.
One of the objective is to help integrating Sales process, and service
provisioning process, and after sales service into one integrated
system.
The Telco company itself provide several main services:
1. Mobile telecommunication (Postpaid and Prepaid)
2. Fix Phone (PSTN) Services
3. Connectivity Services
Customer of the Telco Company :
1. Corporate Customer (Can have all services)
2. Retail Customer (Can have mobile services only)
8
9. What – Understand the Entities
Use Case Example:
Generally, The way they run its business (to sell mobile services) is by conducting the
following activities:
1. Sales executive Create an Opportunity to Track its sales activities
2. After a deal is closed with prospective customer, Sales handover the provisioning
activities to Sales Operation
3. Sales Admin Create a Sales Order to complete the provisioning . Mobile Phone
number (MSISDN) and GSM Card number (ICCID) is a mandatory information in a
sales order
4. Once a Sales order is submitted, the mobile services must be registered to Several
systems:
1. Billing System
2. Charging System
3. Network Related System
5. Once the mobile service information is registered to these system, the sales order will
be completed, and customer will have the subscription, and can use the service.
6. Customer with active subscription can submit a complain, update its information, or
submit a request to enhance its services. These kind of request will be handled by
customer care through a service request.
9
10. What – Understand the Entities
Use Case Example:
Important Information to be extracted from the case:
1. Sales executive Create an Opportunity to Track its sales activities
2. After a deal is closed with prospective customer, Sales handover the provisioning
activities to Sales admin
3. Sales Admin Create a Sales Order to complete the provisioning . Mobile Phone number
(MSISDN) and GSM Card number (ICCID) is a mandatory information in a sales order
4. Once a Sales order is submitted, the mobile services must be registered to Several
systems:
1. Billing System
2. Charging System
3. Network Related System
5. Once the mobile service information is registered to these system, the sales order will
be completed, and customer will have the subscription, and can use the service.
6. Customer with active subscription can submit a complain, update its information, or
submit a request to enhance its services. These kind of request will be handled by
customer care through a service request.
10
11. What – Understand the Entities
Based on the use case, there are entities that can be identified, as follows:
Main Entity
Customer Represent a person or a corporate using the service
Subscription Represent the services subscribed by the customer
Transaction
Opportunity Transaction to track and record sales activities
Sales Order Transaction to activate the service for the customer
Service Request Transaction to handle complaint / request from the customer
User
Sales executive User responsible to initiate sales activities
Sales Admin User responsible to conduct service provisioning
Customer Care User responsible to do customer care activities
11
12. What – Understand the Entities
Based on the use case, there are entities that can be identified, as follows:
Related system
CRM System System to handle the sales, provisioning and customer care
Billing System System to handle billing and invoicing
Charging system System to handle the charging management
Network related system System to handle the network operation
Attributes
MSISDN Number Mobile Phone number is required in Sales Order transaction
ICCID number GSM Card Number is required in Sales Order transaction
12
13. Why – Understand the Reason
There is always a reason for why the entities are exist.
Understand the reason as a basis to design the following action
What information required to build the main entities.
Main Entities
Transaction
How and when a transaction should be executed
What are the lifecycle of the main entity
When and Where to build and to terminate the main entities
Validation
What are the validation need to be applied in an entity
When to applied the validation to an entity
What information required to execute a transaction.
What are the lifecycle of the main entity
13
14. Why – Understand the Reason
There is always a reason for why the entities are exist.
Understand the reason as a basis to design the following action
Which user is (are) allowed to execute a transaction
User (s)
Systems
What are the systems exist to support the transaction execution
When the user is allowed to execute the transaction
Which user is (are) allowed to access a specific information
In which system a transaction should be executed
How a system communicate to its surrounding environment
14
15. Why – Understand the Reason
15
Use Case Example (cont.):
From the previous example, let’s understand why entities / transaction
is exist. Take an example of why “Opportunity” transaction is exist:
1. To track the Sales activity progress for each prospective client
2. As early information keeper of who is the prospective customer
3. As early information keeper of what are the prospective product to
be offered to customer
4. For the sales manager to monitor the sales progress of his / her
team member
16. Why – Understand the Reason
16
Use Case Example (cont.):
Based on that information, design of the system must consider the
following:
1. Opportunity is a transaction act as starting point of sales activity
(No predecessor activity)
2. Opportunity must keep the information of prospective customer.
It means that Entity “Customer” act as attribute of Opportunity. In
this case, “customer” may have status “prospect”, because it is not
yet become a real customer
3. Opportunity will have several stages / lifecycle to accommodate
the need of tracking the progress of winning probability. The
higher the stages, the higher the probability of a sales executive
can close the deal
17. Why – Understand the Reason
17
Use Case Example (cont.):
4. Opportunity will have set of activities (can be predefined activities)
to help sales executive record its sales activities. Predefined
activities should be considered where it is necessary, to set the
standard on what sales must do.
5. Opportunity should contain the information of prospective
product to be offered to prospective customer. Changing in offer
history should be captured for analytical / reporting purpose.
6. Manager should be able to access / view the opportunities of his
team, in order to track the sales activities of his team
18. Who – Understand the user / system behind
the transaction
A Transaction is always started and executed by the following
entities:
User
System
or
18
19. Who – Understand the user / system behind
the transaction
A Transaction is started and /or executed by the user under the one of
the following condition:
• When there is no predecessor input
• When a decision must be given by human
A Transaction is started and /or executed by the system under the
following condition:
• When there is a clear rule of when and how the system should start
and run the transaction
• When the input for the transaction is available prior the transaction
• When there is a clear rule of when and how the system should stop
the execution
19
20. Who – Understand the user / system behind
the transaction
Use Case Example (cont.):
Continuing from the previous example, the designed will follow the
following things:
1. Transaction “Opportunity” is created and executed by Sales
executive
2. Transaction “Sales Order” is created and executed by Sales Admin
3. Transaction “Service Request” is created and executed by
Customer Care.
20
21. Who – Understand the user / system behind
the transaction
Use Case Example (cont.):
Another example (transaction executed by system).
For postpaid customer, if they do not pay their bill (invoice) for 3
consecutive months (90 days), their mobile services should be blocked.
After analysis, it is found out that
Billing system is the in charge system to authorize the blocking
process. Hence, billing system act as the initiator of the blocking
process, and the blocking process will be executed via an order in CRM
system
21
22. Who – Understand the user / system behind
the transaction
Use Case Example (cont.):
Generate Invoice
Check Invoice Age
Age >
90
days?
Inform CRM to
create Block Order
Create Block Order
END
STA
RT
yes
no
BillingsystemCRMsystem
Notes: The process in this flowchart is simplified. The purpose of this flowchart is only to show that a transaction (in
this case, block order) can be initiated and executed by system(s). In reality, a block process follow more complex
procedures.
22
23. When – Understand the timing
To Understand when a main entity or a transaction must exist,
BA should pay attention to the following point :
Main Entity
Or
Transaction
What are the predecessor
main entity should exist
What are the predecessor
transaction should be
executed
Is there any transaction
need to be executed after
it?
Is there any entity resulted
(exist) as a result of the
transaction ?
23
24. When – Understand the timing
Use Case Example:
Taking Example from Telco company use case, a BA should understand
that “Sales Order” transaction will follow the following condition:
Sales Order
Transaction
Predecessor Entity:
Customer (with status
prospect}
Predecessor transaction:
Opportunity
Possible transaction to be
executed after order
complete : Service Request
Entity resulted (exist) from
a sales order transaction:
Subscription
24
25. Where – Understand the venue
To Understand where a main entity or a transaction should be
executed, BA should pay attention to the following point :
• Core capabilities of each system
• In which system an entity / transaction information should be
stored
• What are the system that accessible by the user
• What are the system accessible by the IT operation / admin
only
• Capability of each system to communicate to the other system
25
26. Where – Understand the venue
Use Case Example (cont.): Taking from previous example, the following diagram
describe which system generate invoice, and execute the blocking order
Notes: The process in this flowchart is simplified. The purpose of this flowchart is only to show that a transaction (in
this case, block order) can be initiated and executed by system(s). In reality, a block process follow more complex
procedures.
26
Generate Invoice
Check Invoice Age
Age >
90
days?
Inform CRM to
create Block Order
Create Block Order
END
STA
RT
yes
no
BillingsystemCRMSystem
27. How – Understand the process
In order to design a process, please keep in mind the following
things:
• Main Entity always have lifecycle
New
Active
Inactive
Main
Entity
Lifecycle
Example
Initial lifecycle
Main lifecycle
End lifecycle
Note : There is always possibility of having another lifecycle in the middle
27
28. How – Understand the process
In order to design a process, please keep in mind the following
things:
• Because main entity has lifecycle, main entity can be created.
Under certain circumstance, it might be able to be modified,
and terminated
• System should always provide a way to track a creation /
modification / termination of a main entity
Created Modified Terminated
Main Entity
28
29. How – Understand the process
Use case example (cont.)
• Entity such as “Customer” may have the following lifecyle:
– Prospect : When a prospective is not yet subscribe any service
– Active: If a customer already subscribe and currently use the service
– Inactive: If a customer is no longer using a service
• Depend on the rule of the client, an inactive customer may
become an active customer again once is subscribe another
service
Prospect Active Inactive
Customer
29
30. How – Understand the process
In order to design a process, please keep in mind the following
things:
• A transaction always have status
Created
In progress
Completed
Transaction
status
example
Initial status
Work in progress
Transaction is
finish
Note : There is always possibility of having another status
30
31. How – Understand the process
Use case example (cont.)
• A Sales order transaction have the following status:
Created
In progress
Completed
Sales Order
status
When Sales admin
create the transaction
When Sales admin
submit the transaction
When System
complete the
transaction
Note : There is always possibility of having another status
31
32. How – Understand the process
In order to design a process, please keep in mind the following things:
• Transaction information can only be modified / cancelled when it is
created and when it is in progress, depending on the condition
• Once a transaction is completed, it cannot be modified
• Main entity status is changed by using transaction
New
Active
Inactive
Main Entity
Lifecycle
Transaction 1
Transaction 2
Transaction 3
32
33. How – Understand the process
Use case example (cont.):
• A customer lifecycle changed as a result of transactions
Prospect
Active
Inactive
Customer
Lifecycle
Opportunity
Sales Order
Termination
order
33
34. Now, Apply it in SDLC
34
DEFINE DISCOVER DESIGN CONFIGURE VALIDATE DEPLOY
Understand
the Client
What Why
When Where
Who How
Validate ALL