Bushman rpv pres2
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The document summarizes the collaborative process known as the Water Forum Way used in Sacramento, California to address complex water management issues. It describes: 1) The context of flooding, erosion, increased demand, and historic dam conflicts that led stakeholders to come together. 2) How they used a collaborative process called DIAD (Diversity, Interdependent interests, Authentic Dialogue) involving diverse caucuses to develop a shared solution. 3) The results of the process, which included a flexible agreement for water use, innovative feedback loops, and spin-off agreements on other issues.
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Bushman rpv pres2
- 1. The Water Forum Way P L A N N I N G W I T H C O M P L E X I T Y | C H . 3 P T. 1 Judith E. Innes, David E. Booher | CMP 6240
- 2. Case Studies in Collaborative Rationality Indepth, interpretive inquiry (I&B, p. 41) Like Flyvbjerg’s phronesis without the narratology Black box metaphor: how collaborative processes operate Verification of authenticity during and after the process R E V I E W O F D I A D I N P R A C T I C E Verifying DIAD as a model 1. Context 2. How they started 3. Structure and process 4. First order results 5. Implementation strategy 6. Second and third order effects (adaptations)
- 3. O B J E C T I V E S O F T H E S W F Seven Elements Divert more surface water Reduce diversion impacts in drier years Improve the pattern of fishery flow releases Habitat management Water conservation Groundwater management Successor Effort
- 4. Sacramento Water Forum C O N T E X T Flooding / Erosion Increased water demand Historic dam conflict Sacramento County parks
- 5. C O N T E X T The Water Forum Way DIAD Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue DIAD+ (SWF) Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue $ Catalyst Flexibility Political Power Patience
- 6. C O N T E X T The Water Forum Way DIAD Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue DIAD+ (SWF) Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue $ Catalyst Flexibility Political Power Patience
- 7. A C O L L A B O R AT I V E P R O C E S S I N S P I R I N G A D O P T E R S The Water Forum Way DIAD Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue DIAD+ (SWF) Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue $ Catalyst Flexibility Political Power Patience Elected Expertise from: Water interests Development/business Environment Public Indirect involvement: EBMUD Bureau of Reclamation
- 8. A C O L L A B O R AT I V E P R O C E S S I N S P I R I N G A D O P T E R S The Water Forum Way DIAD Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue Caucuses: Surface water Ground water Demand conservation Habitat management DIAD+ (SWF) Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue $ Catalyst Flexibility Political Power Patience
- 9. A C O L L A B O R AT I V E P R O C E S S I N S P I R I N G A D O P T E R S The Water Forum Way DIAD Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue Awareness of biases Disclosure Transparency DIAD+ (SWF) Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue $ Catalyst Flexibility Political Power Patience
- 10. A C O L L A B O R AT I V E P R O C E S S I N S P I R I N G A D O P T E R S The Water Forum Way DIAD Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue Leadership: Susan Sherry, California Center for Public Dispute Resolution Ongoing negotiation training Scenarios DIAD+ (SWF) Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue $ Catalyst Flexibility Political Power Patience
- 11. A C O L L A B O R AT I V E P R O C E S S I N S P I R I N G A D O P T E R S The Water Forum Way DIAD Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue Helps DIAD+ (SWF) Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue $ Catalyst Flexibility Political Power Patience
- 12. A C O L L A B O R AT I V E P R O C E S S I N S P I R I N G A D O P T E R S The Water Forum Way DIAD Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue Lawsuit 20 years in the making Ruling in favor of ecological management Time is right for opening the discussion on water management DIAD+ (SWF) Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue $ Catalyst Flexibility Political Power Patience
- 13. A C O L L A B O R AT I V E P R O C E S S I N S P I R I N G A D O P T E R S The Water Forum Way DIAD Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue Succession Feedback-looping DIAD+ (SWF) Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue $ Catalyst Flexibility Political Power Patience
- 14. A C O L L A B O R AT I V E P R O C E S S I N S P I R I N G A D O P T E R S The Water Forum Way DIAD Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue Sacramento County Environmental groups DIAD+ (SWF) Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue $ Catalyst Flexibility Political Power Patience
- 15. A C O L L A B O R AT I V E P R O C E S S I N S P I R I N G A D O P T E R S The Water Forum Way DIAD Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue Unverifiable DIAD+ (SWF) Diversity Interdependent interests Authentic Dialogue $ Catalyst Flexibility Political Power Patience
- 16. E X PA N D E D S P H E R E S O F I N F L U E N C E F O R PA RT I C I PA N T S BATNA Change
- 17. I M P L E M E N TAT I O N A N D R E S U LT S Concurrent Adaptation Implementation MOU / EIR Concurrent by agreement Successor Effort Results I Flexible agreement Innovative feedback Spin-off river agreements Results II System adaptation Successor Effort Spin-off Transportation and Air Quality agreements
- 18. Q U E S T I O N S Discussion What role does a political climate like California’s play in this process? Were there any ‘losers’ in this process? Which of the mentioned advantages worked most in favor of the process?
Editor's Notes
- The case studies in chapter 3 illustrate different levels of success based on the criteria of Diversity, Interconnectedness, and Authentic Dialogue. The purpose of the case studies is to observe elements of DIAD in practice with indepth, interpretive inquiry. The authors use the Black Box metaphor to describe undocumented processes and to strengthen the argument in favor of process inquiry. Process documentation helps theorists and commentators verify its authenticity. *CLICK* We begin with the Sacramento Water Forum case study.
- According to the Sacramento Water Forum website, SWF has seven key objectives:
- The Sacramento Water Forum was formed following a ruling in a 20-year lawsuit brought by Sacramento County against Sacramento City in its attempt to expand water treatment operations on the Lower American River. The river has a history of erosive response to damming and leveeing, and the economic and ecological value of Sacramento County’s park system compelled the County to join forces with environmentalists to manage the river as a sustainable ecological service.
- Innes and Booher’s DIAD framework consists of Diversity, Interdependent interests, and Authentic Dialogue.
- The Sacramento Water Forum’s framework has the advantage of five other assets: Good budgets, a catalyst, flexibility, political power, and patience.
- The participants came from diverse groups in Water, Development, Business, and Environmental organizations, as well as the public. There was indirect involvement with the East Bay Municipal Utilities District and the Bureau of Reclamation.
- The inherent interdependency of interests on the team helped the group self-organize into caucuses by categories: Surface water, Ground water, Demand conservation, and Habitat management.
- The team had the advantage of open-minded participants: it is reported that each member had an awareness of his or her biases. Additionally, participants agreed to disclose affiliations that had any potential to pose a conflict of interest.
- The key advantage held by the Sacramento Water Forum is, in my opinion, the leadership by an expert in Dispute Resolution. With her background, Susan Sherry was able to guide the group through training, practice, and scenario-building.
- The working group had good budgets, which helps.
- It also helps to have a catalyst. Buoyed by the court ruling in favor of environmental protection of Lower American River ecosystems, more participants were compelled to play a part. Environmentalists, frequently up against adversarial conditions within policy exercises, hesitated minimally.
- The group established what was known as a ‘Successor Effort’, intended to maintain plan continuity over time as conditions and associated workgroups change. An example of feedback looping was the innovation of water temperature regulation that helped with the decision for Sacramento City to draw water from the Sacramento River, after its confluence with the American River fork.
- The political powers identified by Innes and Booher are Sacramento County and County environmental groups.
- I think patience was the only thing the reader of Planning with Complexity is unable to identify without a narratological approach a la Flybjerg. It is, however, listed by Innes and Booher as one of Sacramento Water Forum’s key strengths.
- The BATNA change referred to in this chapter concerns the Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement. Each organization’s pre-SWF BATNA is illustrated on the left. With engagement in DIAD collaboration, each stakeholder’s BATNA changes: to expand alternatives available to each organization through relationship-building.
- The first and subsequent components of the SWF planning process were implemented as soon as they became agreed-to, throughout the process. This maintained the goals of the Successor Effort. This manner of component implementation produced a few first- and second-order effects: The Memorandum of Understanding was a flexible contract enabling the concurrent implementation of initiatives and perpetual adaptability Members agreed to a vesting arrangement that ensured agreement-specific rights would ‘run with the land’, or the water in this case. The concurrent agreement arrangement allowed for implementations to feed-back results into the planning process for consideration in subsequent agreements. It also left the plan open to future feedback in the form of a successor effort The successor effort spun off additional American River agreements and inspired Sacramento Transportation and Air Quality planning processes.