This document discusses the history of uranium mining and processing, and the development of nuclear weapons. It notes that in the 1930s, uranium ore was mined at Port Radium in the Northwest Territories of Canada for its radium content. The ore was then transported to facilities in the US and Canada for further processing and research. This led to the top-secret Manhattan Project during World War II that developed the first atomic bombs. The bombs were then used on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, helping to end the war. However, it marked the start of the nuclear arms race between the US and USSR that continued for decades.